依托咪酯、芬太尼静脉复合麻醉在消化内镜诊疗中的应用

目的研究依托咪酯、芬太尼静脉复合麻醉用于电子肠镜检查的可行性。方法选择无电子肠镜检查禁忌症的需接受肠镜检查的患者116例,其中自愿接受麻醉的58例为组,静脉推注芬太尼,用量2ug/kg,依托咪酯用量0.15mg～0.3mg/kg/次;另58例为组,接受常规肠镜检查。两组病人术中常规监测血氧饱和度、血压及心电图,并记录患者入室至检查结束不同时点的SpO2及HR值,观察苏醒时间和不良反应并进行比较。结果组58例患者顺利完成肠镜检查,患者术中几无不适感,不良反应的发生率较对照组明显降低(P<0.01),组患者反应明显,有两例未完成手术。结论依托咪酯、苏太尼静脉复合麻醉用于电子肠镜检查是一种安全有效方法。     

Functional MRI of the supplementary motor area: comparison of motor and sensory tasks

PURPOSE: The purpose of this work was to assess the activation of the supplementary motor area (SMA) during simple motor, complex motor, hot sensory, and touch sensory tasks. METHOD: Functional MRI (fMRI) was performed in eight right-handed healthy volunteers. There were four tasks: simple motor, complex motor, hot sensory, and touch sensory. The number of pixels and the average percentage change of signal intensity in the activated SMA were obtained during the four tasks and then compared. RESULTS: The SMA was consistently activated on fMRI during both motor and sensory tasks. The average number of activated pixels during the complex motor task was more than the number during the hot sensory task, but the difference was not statistically significant. The average number of activated pixels during the complex motor task was greater than during the simple motor task. The average number of activated pixels during the hot sensory task was greater than during the touch sensory task. The average percentage change of signal intensity was statistically significant between the simple motor and the complex motor task. The average percentage change of signal intensity was not statistically significant between the complex motor and the hot sensory task. Conclusion: The SMA is activated in both motor and sensory tasks. The degree of activation of the SMA differs according to the type of task.     

益气活血化痰法对老年高脂血症患者血管内皮功能及凝血系统的影响

目的:观察益气活血化痰法治疗老年高脂血症的临床疗效及对血管内皮功能和凝血系统的影响.方法:将96例老年高脂血症患者随机分为治疗组和对照组.治疗组56例,口服丹参决明颗粒,对照组40例,口服血脂康胶囊.观察指标包括血脂、血管内皮功能、凝血系统及安全性检测.结果:治疗后在降低血浆总胆固醇(TC)和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)方面治疗组优于对照组(P＜0.05).血栓素B2(TXB2)/6-酮-前列腺素F1α(6-keto-PGF1α)比值治疗后治疗组与对照组比较差异有显著性(P＜0.05).D-2聚体(D-D)、纤维蛋白原(FIB)两组治疗后比较差异有显著性(P＜0.05).结论:丹参决明颗粒具有调节老年高脂血症血脂代谢,改善血管内皮功能和凝血系统的作用.     

大孔吸附树脂纯化断血流总皂苷工艺研究

目的:研究大孔吸附树脂纯化断血流总皂苷的工艺条件及参数.方法:以洗脱率、精制度等为指标,考察大孔吸附树脂对断血流总皂苷的吸附性能和洗脱参数.结果:11.4ml断血流总皂苷样品液(生药0.2g/ml)上大孔吸附树脂(φ15mm×H90mm,干重2.5g),用蒸馏水,30%、70%乙醇各3BV依次洗脱,断血流总皂苷富集于70%乙醇洗脱液部位.结论:采用大孔吸附树脂技术富集、纯化断血流总皂苷,其洗脱率为86.8%,精制度为153.2%,该法可较好地纯化断血流总皂苷.     

中医正骨学认知学徒模式与传统教学模式比较研究

目的探索适合模拟医院环境下的教学模式.方法选择中医系骨伤专业2000级学生为研究对象,分为实验组和对照组,分别采用认知学徒模式和传统教学模式教学,组织专家听课.课后对学生进行基础理论、临床技能测试和操作考核,并通过向学生及专家发放调查问卷听取专家和学生对认知学徒教学模式的评价.结果实验组学生的基础理论、临床技能测试、考核成绩均高于对照组,结果有统计学意义.调查问卷反映认知学徒模式具有营造合适的学习环境,激发学生的学习兴趣,加快学生对知识和技能的掌握速度的作用.结论认知学徒模式能最大限度发挥模拟医院在医学临床教学中的作用,是适合于模拟医院教学环境的教学模式.     

Vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphisms and risk of primary lung cancer.

Angiogenesis is an essential process in the development, growth, and metastasis of malignant tumors including lung cancer. DNA sequence variations in the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene may lead to altered VEGF production and/or activity, thereby causing interindividual differences in the susceptibility to lung cancer via their actions on the pathways of tumor angiogenesis. To test this hypothesis, we investigated the potential association between three VEGF polymorphisms (-460T > C, +405C > G, and 936C > T)/haplotypes and the risk of lung cancer in a Korean population. VEGF genotypes were determined in 432 lung cancer patients and 432 healthy controls that were frequency matched for age and sex. VEGF haplotypes were predicted using Bayesian algorithm in the phase program. Compared with the combined +405 CC and CG genotype, the +405 GG genotype found associated with a significantly decreased risk of small cell carcinoma [SCC; adjusted odds ratio (OR), 0.36; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.17-0.78]. The 936 CT genotype and the combined 936 CT and TT genotype were also associated with a significantly decreased risk of SCC compared with the 936 CC genotype (adjusted OR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.26-0.85 and adjusted OR, 0.44; 95% CI, 0.24-0.80, respectively). Haplotype CGT was associated with a significantly decreased risk of SCC (adjusted OR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.18-0.87), whereas haplotype TCC conferred a significantly increased risk of SCC (adjusted OR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.14-2.33). None of the VEGF polymorphisms studied significantly influenced the susceptibility to lung cancer except SCC. However, haplotypes TCT and TGT were significantly associated with the risk of overall lung cancer, respectively (adjusted OR, 0.38; 95% CI, 0.25-0.60 and adjusted OR, 3.94; 95% CI, 2.00-7.76, respectively). These effects of haplotypes TCT and TGT on lung cancer risk were observed in three major histologic types of lung cancer. These results suggest that the VEGF gene may be contribute to an inherited predisposition to lung cancer.     

9-cis-retinoic acid treatment increases serum concentrations of alpha-tocopherol in former smokers.

PURPOSE: Low serum concentrations of antioxidants may be associated with an increased risk of cancer. Based on the accumulated evidence, we hypothesized that retinoids would elevate serum alpha-tocopherol. This study was designed to determine whether 9-cis-retinoic acid (9-cis-RA), the most common chemopreventive agent, could alter serum alpha-tocopherol in former smokers. Because hyperlipidemia is a known side effect of retinoids, we also evaluated the association between serum alpha-tocopherol and lipids in the same population. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Subjects who had stopped smoking at least 12 months before the study were randomly assigned to receive oral 9-cis-RA or placebo daily for 3 months. Clinical information and blood samples were obtained monthly; serum alpha-tocopherol concentrations were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography and lipid levels by enzymatic assays before treatment and every month during the treatment. RESULTS: Of the 149 subjects in the study, 113 completed 3 months of treatment and provided samples for evaluation of serum alpha-tocopherol. Serum alpha-tocopherol levels in the 9-cis-RA group (n = 52) were higher after treatment (r = 0.445, P < 0.01) than before. The incidences of grade > or =2 hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia were higher in the 9-cis-RA group than in the placebo group (P = 0.0005 and P = 0.01, respectively), but there were no serious complications related to hyperlipidemia. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment of former smokers with 9-cis-RA significantly increased their serum alpha-tocopherol levels, and this could be a benefit. In addition, serum alpha-tocopherol could serve as a biomarker for 9-cis-RA treatment.     

Enhanced growth suppression of Philadephia1 leukemia cells by targeting bcr3/abl2 and VEGF through antisense strategy.

An antisense strategy by targeting both bcr3/abl2 and VEGF was designed to suppress the growth of Philadephia1 leukemia cells in vitro and in vivo in mice. In vitro, although bcr3/abl2 or VEGF antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotides (AS-ODNs) alone was able to inhibit the proliferation of K562 cells, the combination of bcr3/abl2 and VEGF AS-ODNs produced an additive inhibitory effect on the growth of K562 cells and significantly enhanced the sensibility of K562 cells to apoptosis-inducing stimuli including STI571. In vivo, the nude mice xenografted with K562 cells received intratumoral injections of bcr3/abl2 and VEGF AS-ODNs showed a significant reduction in leukemia tumor size and microvessel density and an increase of apoptosis in the tumors when compared to the mice that received an individual agent. These results demonstrate that targeting both bcr3/abl2 and VEGF can result in an additive tumor-suppressive action and may represent an excellent strategy to augment the efficacy of chemotherapy in CML.     

头花蓼种子发芽生物学特性研究

目的研究头花蓼PolygonumcapitatumBuch.-Ham.exD.Don种子发芽的生物学特性。方法通过不同温度和黑暗条件下的发芽试验以及浸种处理发芽试验,观察统计其发芽所需时间、发芽持续时间、发芽势、发芽率。结果头花蓼种子在10～35℃下都能发芽;10～30℃下都能发芽完全;20℃、25℃时,观察的4项指标都无显著差异,并出现最短的发芽时间(4d)和最高发芽率(93.3%)。光照能使发芽时间缩短4天,发芽势提高50.6%,但不影响发芽率。浸种处理会降低头花蓼种子的发芽势和发芽率,特别是温水浸种达到极显著水平。结论20～25℃是头花蓼种子发芽的最适温度。发芽期间给予光照能极显著缩短发芽时间和提高发芽势。浸种处理对头花蓼种子的萌发没有促进作用。