奎的平与氯氮平治疗精神分裂症对照研究

目的：探讨奎的平、氯氮平对精神分裂症的疗效及副作用。方法：80例患者随机分为两组，分别应用奎的平或氯氮平治疗6周，采用四级临床疗效评定标准、阳性症状与阴性症状量表(PANSS)、副反应量表(TESS)评定疗效及副反应。结果：奎的平组有效率87．5％，氯氮平组有效率82．5％。治疗第一周末，奎的平组PANSS量表总分较治疗前差异有显著性(P＜0．05)。奎的平组副反应低于氯氮平组。结论：奎的平与氯氮平疗效相似，但奎的平起效较快，副反应较轻。     

Baclofen intoxication: report of four cases and review of the literature.

Four cases of baclofen intoxication are reported, with a review of 33 cases from the literature. Analysis of these 37 cases suggests that there are two types of baclofen intoxication syndrome. Patients with acute intoxication present with four major clinical manifestations: encephalopathy (disturbance of consciousness and/or seizure), respiratory depression, muscular hypotonia, and generalized hyporeflexia. Patients with chronic intoxication present with hallucinosis, impaired memory, catatonia, or acute mania. The acute intoxication syndrome has a faster onset, shorter duration, more severe clinical manifestations, and higher incidence of seizures than the chronic intoxication syndrome. Baclofen intoxication, although it may cause grave encephalopathic manifestations and electroencephalographic findings, has a benign outcome if actively managed.     

前额迟发性小汗腺血管瘤性错构瘤

一71岁韩国男性前额出现孤立的红色斑块。该斑块出现已有1年,并缓慢增大。体检发现前额上正中线部有一轻微隆起的、1.5cm×1.5cm红色斑块。体力活动或情绪应激反应均不诱发该斑块出汗。皮损无疼痛或触痛。患者前额部无外伤史。皮损组织病理检查示外分泌腺数目增加,真皮深部和皮     

阴股沟皮瓣显微解剖学特征及其在组织修复功能重建中的应用

目的：明确阴股沟皮瓣的显微解剖基础，为临床应用此皮瓣提供解剖依据。资料来源：应用计算机检索Medline1991-01／2005-01的相关文章，检索词“pudendal-thigh flap，micranatomy”，并限定文章语言种类为English。并且手工检索《中文科技资料目录一医药卫生）1998-01／2005-01的相关文章，检索途径：分类途径。 资料选择：对资料进行初审，并查看每篇文献后的引文。纳入标准：①随机对照的基础及临床试验。②无论是否为单盲，双盲或非盲法。排除标准：重复性研究或综述性文章。 资料提炼：共检索到42篇相关文章，21篇文献符合纳入标准，排除的21篇文献为内容陈旧或重复。 资料综合：阴股沟区动脉血液供应充足，并且位置均比较恒定，尤以阴部外动脉最为恒定。静脉回流丰富，神经支配可靠。阴股沟皮瓣是位于股内侧上方与会阴部之间的无毛区域，上界平耻骨联合上缘水平，下界为两侧坐骨结节连线，内侧界为阴囊或大阴唇外侧缘，外侧界为股内侧皱襞，自阴囊（唇）外侧缘向大腿内上方延伸约5cm包括的范围。该区动脉血液供应丰富，计有阴部外动脉，闭孔动脉前皮支，阴囊（唇）后动脉的外侧支，旋股内侧动脉的皮支，股内侧的主要动脉支，以及来自阴部内动脉的肛动脉（直肠下动脉）等，并且位置均比较恒定，其中尤其以阴部外动脉最为恒定。在阴股沟区，阴囊（唇）后动脉与旋股内动脉、闭孔动脉前支及阴部外动脉的分支存在广泛的吻合并在内收肌内侧以上的深筋膜层形成血管网。进入阴股沟区的多支血管相互吻合成网。阴股沟区静脉回流丰富，神经支配可靠。 结论：阴股沟皮瓣血运丰富，解剖简便易行，切取方便，供区隐蔽，再造性器官外形及恢复神经感觉均取得较为理想的效果，是一种值得推广的方法。     

双炔失碳酯或丙睾配伍dl-15甲基PGF_(2α)抗早孕的临床比较

本文报告65例双炔失碳酯配伍d1-15甲基PGF_(2α)(以下简称PG)抗早孕结果并与33例丙睾配伍PG抗早孕结果进行比较。结果显示,双炔失碳酯组完全流产59例,占90%;不全流产3例,占5%;失败3例,占5%;总有效率95%。丙睾组完全流产27例,占82%;不全流产6例,占18%;总有效率100%。两组总有效率无显著差异;完全流产率无显著差异;但不全流产率有明显差异(P<0.05)。药流后点滴出血天数,双炔失碳酯组平均为8.1±5.0天;丙睾组平均为18.9±19.1天;两组有明显差别(P<0.05)。双炔失碳酯经阴道给药后无一例发生心、肝、肾功能变化。     

Transdermal permeation-enhancing activities of some inorganic anions

Effects of sodium salts of various monovalent inorganic anions on transdermal permeation of salicylic acid were investigated. In in-vitro experiment using a Franz-type diffusion cell and excised mouse skin, the permeation-enhancing activities of the sodium salts of inorganic anions were roughly proportional to lyotropic Hofmeister swelling abilities of the anions; F^?<SO₄ ^2?<Cl^? <ClO₄ ^?<NO₃ <SCN^? <Br <I^?, i.e. l, Br and SCN increased the flux of drugs through the mouse skin, while F^?, SO₄ ^2?, Cl^?, ClO₄ ^? and NO₃ ^? decreased or did not affect the flux. In invivo experiment using the rabbit as the test animal, the plasma concentration of salicylic acid of the rabbit to which 10%-salicylic acid ointment containing 5%-Nal or NaBr was applied was significantly higher than that of the rabbit to which the ointment without the electrolytes was applied. The amounts of sterol leached out of stratum corneum sheet when the sheet was immersed in aqueous solutions of Nal, NaBr, or NaSCN were much more than that of stratum corneum immersed in aqueous solutions of the other inorganic anions. The FTIR/ATR spectroscopy showed that the peaks at 2853 cm^?1 and 2924 cm^?1 in the IR absorption spectrum of the stratum corneum sheet of the mouse were shifted to higher frequencies by the anions which enhanced the transdermal drug permeation, while not shifted by the anions which did not have any permeation-enhancing activities or have permeation-reducing activities. These results suggest that sodium salts of some anions such as iodide, bromide and thiocyanate enhance transdermal permeation of salicylic acid through swelling and perturbation of the skin structure by these anions.     

The utilization of traditional Chinese medicine and associated factors in Taiwan in 2002

Background Previous studies have noted that there is a high utilization rate of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) services in Taiwan, China and in western countries, but few studies investigated factors associated with the utilization of TCM in Taiwan. This study analyzes the utilization rate and the factors associated with the utilization of TGM in Taiwan. Methods Data for this study were from the 2002 HPKAP Survey that conducted the face-to-face questionnaire interviews of people aged 15 years and over from October 2002 to March 2003 in Taiwan. This study analyzed the utilization of TCM outpatient services, including admission to the hospital and clinic visits. Results A total of 26 755 participants completed the survey in the six-month period. The data revealed that 10.4% of participants had utilized TCM services in the past one month while 4.2% of participants utilized TCM only (without using Western medicine outpatient services (WM) or Folk therapy (F'I')). The average visits of TCM services per patient was higher among people who had utilized TCM and FT services (2.68 visits) than among those who had utilized WM and FT services (2.15 visits) or TCM services alone (2.15 visits) during the previous one month. Younger people (odds ratio OR= 1.78, 95%C/= 1.47-2.16), women (compared with men), and people with higher education levels (OR = 1.58, 95%CI =1.25-1.98) were more likely to visit TCM than compared groups. People with self-reported poor health status (OR = 2.07,95%CI = 1.76-2.44) and people who exercise regularly (OR = 1.17, 95%CI = 1.07-1.27) had higher ORs to visit TCM service than comparison group.Conclusions There is a high utilization of TCM in Taiwan. Further studies are needed to investigate the related factors and determinants between the utilization of TCM and the utilization of FT in Taiwan.     

糖皮质激素依赖性皮炎的治疗进展

糖皮质激素依赖性皮炎临床报道中,中医、中西医结合的治疗方法最多,显示出了其优势所在,其中中药疗效优于西药,且在改善和治愈面部潮红、毛细血管扩张、色素变化、病情反跳等症状方面优势明显,对于面部痤疮样皮疹、痒及不适等症状,中、西药治疗疗效相近。目前糖皮质激素依赖性皮炎最好的治疗方法应该是中西医结合疗法。