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21.
Guk-Hee Suh Hyun Gyun Son Young-Su Ju Kyeong Hyeong Jcho Byeong Kil Yeon Young Min Shin Baik Seok Kee Sung-Ku Choi 《The American journal of geriatric psychiatry》2004,12(5):509-516
OBJECTIVE: Behavioral disturbances in dementia are extremely prominent and distressful, and often result in serious physical, social, and economic consequences. The authors compared the efficacy and tolerability of risperidone and haloperidol in the treatment of behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in institutionalized elderly Korean patients with Alzheimer disease, vascular dementia, or mixed dementia. METHODS: This was an 18-week double-blind, crossover study involving 120 patients who were randomly assigned to receive flexible doses (0.5-1.5 mg/day) of risperidone or haloperidol. BPSD were assessed using the Korean version of the Behavioral Pathology in Alzheimer's Disease Rating Scale (BEHAVE-AD-K), the Korean version of the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI-K), and the Clinical Global Impression of Change scale (CGI-C). Safety and tolerability assessments included the Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale and the incidence of adverse events. RESULTS: Both risperidone and haloperidol were efficacious in alleviating BPSD. However, when receiving risperidone, patients showed significantly greater improvement than when receiving haloperidol in the total and subscale scores of the BEHAVE-AD-K, the total and subscale scores of the CMAI-K, and the scores on the CGI-C scale. Also, risperidone had an additional benefit on aggressiveness and anxieties/phobias. The risk of antipsychotic-induced parkinsonism throughout this study was significantly lower with risperidone than with haloperidol. CONCLUSION: Risperidone had a favorable efficacy and tolerability profile compared with haloperidol in the treatment of BPSD in this patient population. 相似文献
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Simple measurement of spinal cord evoked potential: a valuable data source in the rat spinal cord injury model. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jong-Pil Park Ki-Jeong Kim Ji Hoon Phi Chul-Kee Park Jong-Hoon Kim Hyo Jin Kang Dohun Lee Kyu Hyun Han Kyu-Chang Wang Sun Ha Paek 《Journal of clinical neuroscience》2007,14(11):1099-1105
Measurement of spinal cord evoked potentials (SCEPs) is proposed as a means of predicting locomotion outcome in the rat spinal cord injury (SCI) model. Using 55 rats, three reproducible peak waves (waves I, II and III) were observed during stimulation at the C7 level with recording at the L1 epidural space. Hemisection at the T13 level showed three wave loss patterns: wave III loss only, loss of both wave II and III, and loss of all three waves. Defining an ideal SCI model as establishment of stable monoparesis or paraparesis, all animals in the wave II-III loss group showed favorable results. Histological data and electrophysiological properties allowed reasonable assumptions of wave origin: wave I from extrapyramidal tracts, wave II from the ventral corticospinal tract, and wave III from the dorsal corticospinal tract. Complete destruction of pyramidal tracts in both dorsal and ventral fibers was essential for long-term impairment of locomotion. 相似文献
24.
Howard B. Yeon Jacob Weinberg Vincent Arlet Jean A. Ouelett Kirkham B. Wood 《European spine journal》2007,16(9):1379-1385
Fifteen skeletally immature patients with double major adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with large lumbar curves and notable L4 and L5 coronal plane obliquity were retrospectively studied. Seven patients who underwent anterior release and fusion of the lumbar curve with segmental anterior instrumentation and subsequent posterior instrumentation ending at L3 were compared with eight patients treated with anterior release and fusion without anterior instrumentation followed by posterior instrumentation to L3 or L4. At 4.5 years follow-up (range 2.5-7 years), curve correction, coronal balance and fusion rate were not statistically different between the two groups; however, the group with anterior instrumentation had improved coronal plane, near normalangulation in the distal unfused segment compared with the group without anterior instrumentation. In cases involving severe lumbar curvatures in the context of double major scoliosis, when as a first stage anterior release is chosen, the addition of instrumentation appears to restore normal coronal alignment of the distal unfused lumbar segment, and may in certain cases save a level compared with traditional fusions to L4. 相似文献
25.
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D. G. Kim C.-Y. Kim S. H. Paek D. S. Lee J.-K. Chung H.-W. Jung B.-K. Cho 《Acta neurochirurgica》1998,140(7):665-674
Summary
Background To determine its roles in the diagnosis and the systemic evaluation of metastatic brain tumours, whole-body positron emission
tomography (PET) using [18F]FDG was performed in 20 consecutive patients.
Methods
All patients were thought to be suffering or needing to be differentiated from metastatic brain tumours. Nine patients had
multiple brain lesions; six were older and showed a rim-enhancing lesion with surrounding oedema; seven had homogeneously
enhancing periventricular lesion(s) on computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, thought to be central
nervous system lymphomas. Two patients had skull mass(es) and two patients had a solid mass suspected to be, respectively,
a haemorrhagic metastasis and a metastatic malignant melanoma. All of them received whole-body [18F]FDG PET and conventional systemic work-up for metastasis in order to compare the results of the two methods.
Results
Metastatic brain tumours were diagnosed on whole-body [18F]FDG PET in eleven patients who had extracranial and intracranial hypermetabolic lesions. In nine of these, a conventional
work-up also detected primary lesions which on whole-body [18F]FDG PET were seen to be hypermetabolic foci. Systemic lymph node metastases were detected by whole-body [18F]FDG PET only in two patients and histological diagnosis was possible by biopsy of lymph nodes rather than of brain lesions.
In the remaining nine patients who had only intracranial hypermetabolic foci, histological diagnosis was made by craniotomy
or stereotactic biopsy. It was confirmed that seven of nine patients were suffering from a primary brain tumour and two from
metastatic carcinoma. None of the nine showed evidence of systemic cancer on conventional work-up. Histological diagnoses
of the primary brain tumours were four cases of primary central nervous system lymphoma and one each of multifocal glioblastoma,
Ewing's sarcoma, and cavernous angioma.
Patients felt no discomfort during the whole-body [18F]FDG PET procedure and there were no complications. The false negative rate in [18F]FDG PET and in conventional work-up was 15.4% and 30.7% respectively. There were no false positives on either [18F]FDG PET or conventional work-up.
Conclusion
It is suggested that whole-body [18F]FDG PET is a safe, reliable, and convenient method for the diagnosis and systemic evaluation of patients thought to be suffering
or needing to be differentiated from a metastatic brain tumour. 相似文献
27.
28.
Characterization of htAKR, a novel gene product in the aldo-keto reductase family specifically expressed in human testis 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Azuma Y Nishinaka T Ushijima S Soh J Katsuyama M Lu HP Kawata M Yabe-Nishimura C Miki T 《Molecular human reproduction》2004,10(7):527-533
In human testis, expression of a novel member of the aldo-keto reductase family was identified. Based on its testis-specific expression, we termed this protein human testis aldo-keto reductase (htAKR). In addition to four major isoforms, the existence of multiple alternatively spliced products of htAKR was detected using RT-PCR followed by nested PCR. htAKR was a homologue of mouse liver keto-reductase, AKR1E1, with close similarity in their genomic organizations. htAKR4, the longest isoform, was expressed as a non-fused native form. It exhibited a limited activity toward 9,10-phenanthrenequinone, while no activity toward the steroids or prostaglandins was demonstrated. Using the laser capture microdissection technique and RT-PCR, expression of htAKR was detected in testicular germ cells as well as in interstitial cells. The levels of htAKR mRNA in the tissues obtained from seminoma were much lower than those in normal testes. A significant decline in the htAKR expression was observed when NEC8, a cell line originated from a human testicular germ cell tumour, was exposed to phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate or 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone. These results indicate that the expression of htAKR, down-regulated in the testicular tumour, is possibly controlled by mitogenic and hormonal signals. 相似文献
29.
30.
Allan L Wolfsohn Derek Y F So Kwan Chan Ian Burwash Paul Hendry John P Veinot Marino Labinaz 《Cardiovascular pathology》2005,14(4):214-218
We present two cases of a thrombus in the ascending aorta causing an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and review the 10 other cases previously reported in the literature. This life-threatening condition appears to be more common in female smokers in their fifth decade. Suspicion should be raised in individuals at low risk for atherosclerotic disease with coronary angiographic findings not in keeping with the clinical presentation. The diagnosis may be obtained by transesophageal echocardiography, and we generally recommend surgical thrombectomy. 相似文献