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41.
Janet McNally Siobhan Hugh‐Jones Samantha Caton Carel Vereijken Hugo Weenen Marion Hetherington 《Maternal & child nutrition》2016,12(2):205-228
Responsive feeding has been identified as important in preventing overconsumption by infants. However, this is predicated on an assumption that parents recognise and respond to infant feeding cues. Despite this, relatively little is understood about how infants engage parental feeding responses. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review was to identify what is known about infant communication of hunger and satiation and what issues impact on the expression and perception of these states. A search of Medline, CINAHL, Web of Science, PsycINFO, Science Direct and Maternal and Infant care produced 27 papers. Eligibility criteria included peer reviewed qualitative and/or quantitative publications on feeding behaviours, hunger, and satiation/satiety cues of typically developing children in the first 2 years of life. Papers published between 1966 and 2013 were included in the review. The review revealed that feeding cues and behaviours are shaped by numerous issues, such as infants' physical attributes, individual psychological factors and environmental factors. Meanwhile, infant characteristics, external cues and mothers' own characteristics affect how feeding cues are perceived. The existing literature provides insights into many aspects of hunger and satiation in infancy; however, there are significant gaps in our knowledge. There is a lack of validated tools for measuring hunger and satiation, a need to understand how different infant characteristics impact on feeding behaviour and a need to extricate the respective contributions of infant and maternal characteristics to perceptions of hunger and satiation. Further research is also recommended to differentiate between feeding driven by liking and that driven by hunger. 相似文献
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Corvin A Donohoe G McGhee K Murphy K Kenny N Schwaiger S Nangle JM Morris D Gill M 《Neuroscience letters》2007,426(2):97-100
A series of genetic studies have identified the D-amino acid oxidase (DAO) gene as potentially contributing to schizophrenia susceptibility. An interacting gene, D-amino acid oxidase activator (DAOA) has also been implicated and it has been suggested that variation at these genes may influence the efficiency of glutamate gating at N-methyl-D-aspartate-type (NMDA) receptors. However, recent data suggests that DAOA may influence susceptibility to mood episodes across the spectrum of psychotic disorders rather than contributing to a specific psychosis phenotype. The aim of this study was to determine whether risk variation at DAO is similarly associated with affective or other clinical symptoms in psychosis. We have previously reported association between risk variation at DAO and schizophrenia in an Irish case-control sample. In this study we investigated the relationship between a defined genetic risk variant at DAO and PANSS-derived clinical symptom factors in a sample of 249 patients using principal component and Kruskal-Wallis analyses. Carriers of the DAO risk variant scored significantly higher on the 'depression/anxiety' factor than non-carriers (H=9.02, d.f.=2, p=0.01). These data suggest a potential role for DAO in susceptibility to depressive symptoms in schizophrenia, but a more general role for DAO in affective disorders cannot be excluded. 相似文献
45.
Geeske Peeters Siobhan Leahy Sean Kennelly Rose Anne Kenny 《Journal of the American Medical Directors Association》2018,19(3):248-254.e3
Background
Fear of falling (FoF) is present in 20% to 85% of older adults and may be an early marker of decline in global cognitive functioning (GCF). We tested the hypothesis that FoF is associated with lower levels of GCF (cross-sectional) and greater decline in GCF (prospective) in adults aged 50 and older.Design
Observational cohort study.Setting
The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing, a population-based study.Participants
Data were from 4931 participants (mean age 62.9 ± 9.1, range 50–98, 54.3% female).Measurements
FoF was based on self-report in 2010. GCF was measured with the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) in 2010 and 2014. The cross-sectional association was examined using linear regression unadjusted and after adjustment for demographic and health factors. The prospective association between FoF and the odds of >1-SD decline in GCF were examined using logistic regression. Interaction with age and mediation by social and physical activities were examined.Results
In 2010, 21.9% of participants reported FoF. In the unadjusted cross-sectional models, those with FoF had lower scores on the MoCA (B ?1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] ?1.40 to ?0.90) and MMSE (B ?0.52, CI ?0.67 to ?0.37). In the unadjusted prospective models, FoF was associated with a greater odds of decline in MoCA (odds ratio [OR] 1.60, CI 1.26–2.04) and MMSE (OR 1.64, CI 1.29–2.08). After adjustment for covariates, all associations attenuated and were no longer statistically significant, except the association with decline in MoCA (OR 1.32, CI 1.01–1.71). No statistically significant interaction with age was found (P > .37). Additional adjustment for social and physical activity did not change the results.Conclusions
The findings provide weak evidence for FoF as a predictor of cognitive decline. 相似文献46.
Sonya S. Brady PhD Amanda Berry PhD CRNP Deepa R. Camenga MD MHS Colleen M. Fitzgerald MD MS Sheila Gahagan MD MPH Cecilia T. Hardacker MSN RN CNL Bernard L. Harlow PhD Jeni Hebert-Beirne PhD MPH D. Yvette LaCoursiere MD Jessica B. Lewis PhD MFT Lisa K. Low PhD CNM Jerry L. Lowder MD MSc Alayne D. Markland DO MSc Gerald McGwin PhD Diane K. Newman DNP ANP-BC FAAN Mary H. Palmer PhD David A. Shoham PhD Ariana L. Smith MD Ann Stapleton MD Beverly R. Williams PhD Siobhan Sutcliffe PhD Prevention of Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms 《Neurourology and urodynamics》2020,39(4):1185-1202
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48.
Colm Farrell Siobhan C Hayes Mary Wire Jianping Zhang 《British journal of clinical pharmacology》2014,77(3):532-544
Aims
To characterize the pharmacokinetics (PK)/pharmacodynamics (PD) of eltrombopag in chronic liver disease (CLD).Methods
The PK/PD model was developed using data from 79 CLD patients using nonlinear mixed-effects modelling.Results
The PK of eltrombopag were described by a two-compartment model with dual sequential first-order absorption. Gender, race and severity of CLD were predictors of the apparent clearance of eltrombopag. The PD of eltrombopag in CLD were adequately described by a four-compartment lifespan model, in which eltrombopag stimulated platelet precursor production rate. East Asian CLD patients were less sensitive to the stimulatory effect of eltrombopag. Following a daily dose regimen of 50 mg eltrombopag, the time to achieve peak platelet counts was longer for the CLD population compared with patients who had immune thrombocytopenic purpura, but was comparable to patients with hepatitis C. Likewise, it took a longer time for platelet counts to rebound back to baseline once eltrombopag treatment was discontinued.Conclusions
The time course of the platelet response in CLD was different from that in immune thrombocytopenic purpura but comparable to that in hepatitis C. 相似文献49.
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Alex H. Krist Siobhan M. Phillips Roy T. Sabo Bijal A. Balasubramanian Suzanne Heurtin-Roberts Marcia G. Ory Sallie Beth Johnson Sherri N. Sheinfeld-Gorin Paul A. Estabrooks Debra P. Ritzwoller Russell E. Glasgow 《Annals of family medicine》2014,12(6):525-533