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51.
52.
The cytochrome b 245 of human neutrophils was reduced when the neutrophils under anaerobic conditions were stimulated by serum-treated zymosan, immune complexes, or phorbol myristate acetate. Reintroduction of oxygen rapidly reoxidized the cytochrome; azide was without effect on any of these reactions. This indicates that cytochrome b 245 participates in the respiratory burst of neutrophils. 相似文献
53.
急性有机磷农药中毒120例的救治 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
0 引言 近年来 ,我科在救治急性有机磷农药 (organophos-phorus,OP)中毒方面 ,积累了一些经验 ,现报告如下 .1 对象和方法1 .1 对象 本组 1 2 0例符合《急诊急救学》中的诊断标准 [1 ](男 2 9例 ,女 91例 ) ,年龄 1 .5~ 70岁 ,平均 2 8.6岁 .经口中毒 99例 ,经皮肤中毒 2 1例 .轻度中毒 1 5例 ,中度中毒 42例 ,重度 (含极重度 )中毒 6 3例 . 1 996年 39例 ,1 997年 43例 ,1 998年 38例 . DDV 79例 ,乐果 2 0例 ,混合性中毒 1 0例 ,水胺磷 3例 ,氧化乐果、 391 1、 1 0 5 9、对硫磷各 2例 ,敌百虫 1例 ,药名不详 1 0例 .服毒量 >2 5 … 相似文献
54.
BACKGROUND: The stress generation hypothesis proposed by Hammen (1991) holds that depressed individuals generate stressful conditions for themselves, which lead to recurrence. The original test of this hypothesis compared dependent life events in women with recurrent depression to medical and normal controls. Two further research questions emerged from this work: (a) do individuals with a history of many depressive episodes generate more dependent life events than depressives with fewer episodes?; and (b) what is the aetiological relevance of any stress that may be generated? METHODS: The present research tested differences in dependent and independent events between depressed individuals who had experienced: (a) no previous major depressive episodes; (b) one previous episode; and (c) two or more previous episodes. We predicted that, based on the stress generation hypothesis, recurrent depressives would show more dependent events than people without a depression history, and that these generated stressors would be of aetiological importance for precipitating recurrence (i.e. severe events in the 3 months preceding recurrence). RESULTS: Recurrent depressives experienced significantly more total dependent events than first-onset depressives in the 12 months, but not the 3 months, preceding their episode. CONCLUSIONS: Although the findings supported the general premise of stress generation, the aetiological relevance of the generated stress for recurrence requires further study. 相似文献
55.
Tofukuji M Metais C Collard CD Morse DS Stahl GL Nelson DP Li J Simons M Sellke FW 《The Annals of thoracic surgery》1999,67(1):112-119
BACKGROUND: Although administration of the sialyl Lewis(x) oligosaccharide may reduce myocardial injury after ischemia-reperfusion, its effect on coronary and cerebral microvascular regulation and its clinical application during cardiac operation have not been examined. METHODS: Pigs were placed on normothermic cardiopulmonary bypass after 30 minutes of left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion. The hearts were then arrested with cold high potassium cardioplegia. After 1 hour the cross-clamp was removed and the pigs were weaned from cardiopulmonary bypass and perfused for an additional 1 hour. CY-1503 (a sodium salt of the sialyl Lewis(x) oligosaccharide, n = 6) was administered before reperfusion. Six other pigs received saline vehicle. Endothelium-dependent relaxation of precontracted coronary and brain arterioles (70 to 180 microm) to adenosine 5'-diphosphate and endothelium-independent relaxation to sodium nitroprusside were studied in vitro with videomicroscopy. Control values were obtained from uninstrumented pigs. Myeloperoxidase activity in the myocardium and brain was measured to quantify neutrophil infiltration. Cardiac function and perfusion were assessed by left ventricular systolic pressure, maximum rate of increase of left ventricular pressure, left anterior descending coronary artery blood flow and percent segmental shortening, and cerebral vascular resistance, internal carotid artery blood flow, and the constitutively expressed and inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase mRNA were measured. RESULTS: The impaired myocardial contractile function after ischemia and cardioplegia was not improved by administration of CY-1503. The reduced endothelium-dependent relaxation responses of coronary and brain arterioles during ischemia followed by cardioplegia and cardiopulmonary bypass were improved with CY-1503, but the altered pattern of organ perfusion was not improved. Myeloperoxidase activity was increased in the heart after ischemia-cardioplegia and in the brain after cardiopulmonary bypass. CY-1503 reduced myeloperoxidase activity in both the myocardium and in the brain. Expressions of myocardial inducible isoform or constitutively expressed nitric oxide synthase were not altered in the heart. CONCLUSIONS: Although the sialyl Lewis(x) oligosaccharide does reduce neutrophil infiltration and endothelial injury in the coronary and cerebral microcirculation after cardiopulmonary bypass, it does not have significant beneficial acute effects on organ perfusion or function in the myocardium or brain. 相似文献
56.
BACKGROUND: We recently identified IL-6, a pleiotropic cytokine implicated in the neoplastic process of a variety of neoplasms, as a mediator of prostate cancer morbidity. In the present study, we investigated the expression of members of the IL-6 supergene family and related cytokines and the potential role of IL-6 in prostate cancer growth regulation. METHODS: Five established human prostate cancer cell lines were screened by ELISA for production of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), oncostatin M (OSM), tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-1 (IL-1), and granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). Expression of the ligand-binding component of the IL-6 receptor, IL-6Rp80, was evaluated by ELISA and RT-PCR. Sequential immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting were performed to assay for expression of the signal-transducing component of the IL-6 receptor, gp130. The effects of IL-6 on cell growth were assessed by MTT assays. RESULTS: The three hormone-refractory cell lines, DU-145, TSU, and PC-3, secreted distinct combinations of cytokines (DU-145: IL-6, GM-CSF; TSU: IL-6, LIF; PC-3: IL-6, G-CSF, LIF, IL-1, GM-CSF), each uniformly expressing IL-6. In contrast, neither of the two hormone-dependent cell lines, LNCaP-ATCC and LNCaP-GW, secreted significant quantities of any of the cytokines analyzed. None of the cell lines secreted detectable quantities of OSM, CNTF, or TNF. All cell lines, irrespective of hormone status, expressed both Il-6Rp80 and gp130. Addition of IL-6 in vitro inhibited growth of hormone-dependent cells, but had no effect on hormone-refractory lines. Anti-IL-6 neutralizing antibody inhibited growth of hormone-refractory cells. CONCLUSIONS: IL-6 appears to undergo a functional transition from paracrine growth inhibitor to autocrine growth stimulator during progression of prostate cancer to the hormone-refractory phenotype. 相似文献
57.
Simons BD 《Seminars in ophthalmology》1999,14(2):81-94
This article reviews the various surgical treatment approaches currently used in the management of ocular motor cranial nerve palsies. Regardless of the approach, the final goal is improved alignment, especially in the primary and reading positions. 相似文献
58.
Endophthalmitis from Mycobacterium bovis-bacille Calmette-Guérin after intravesicular bacille Calmette-Guérin injections for bladder carcinoma 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
PURPOSE: To present clinical and histologic findings of intraocular infection with Mycobacterium bovis-bacille Calmette-Guérin after intravesicular bacille Calmette-Guérin injections for treatment of bladder carcinoma. METHODS: A 77-year-old man was initially seen with visual acuity of 20/200, focal retinitis, vasculitis, and progressive vitreous opacity in the right eye and visual acuity of light perception, intraocular inflammation, and a dense cataract in the left eye 14 months after intravesicular injection of live bacille Calmette-Guérin organisms. RESULTS: Vitreous cultures in the right eye demonstrated growth of bacille Calmette-Guérin organisms. Bilateral loss of light perception occurred despite systemic antimy-cobacterial therapy. Histopathologic examination demonstrated nongranulomatous inflammation and acid-fast bacilli in both eyes. CONCLUSION: Delayed endogenous endophthalmitis may develop after intravesicular bacille Calmette-Guérin injection that may not respond to systemic agents. Intravitreal therapy may be indicated. 相似文献
59.
P. M. L. A. van den Bemt A. C. G. Egberts A. W. Lenderink J. M. Verzijl K. A. Simons W. S. C. J. M. van der Pol H. G. M. Leufkens 《European journal of clinical pharmacology》1999,55(2):155-158
Objective: This study investigated the relative value of adverse drug events reported by doctors, nurses and patients.
Methods: The study was conducted on a total of four wards: the paediatric and internal medicine wards (including geriatric patients)
of two peripheral hospitals in the Netherlands. Adverse drug events were collected by spontaneous reporting (doctor and nurse
reports) and by daily ward visits, during which the patients were interviewed by a hospital pharmacist (patient reports).
Criteria for relative value of the reported adverse drug events were the number of potentially serious reactions, the number
of reactions not mentioned in the patient information leaflet and the number of reactions reported to new drugs (5 years or
less on the Dutch market). No formal causality assessment was applied.
Results: Over a period of 2 months in 1996 (Hospital I) and 2 months in 1997 (Hospital II) a total of 620 patients were included
in the study and adverse drug events were reported in 179 (29%) of these cases. Doctors reported a statistically significant
larger number of serious (26% of all doctor reports; odds ratio (OR) 3.2; confidence interval (CI) 1.2–8.7) and unknown (39%;
OR 2.5; CI 1.0–6.0) adverse drug events than patients themselves during the daily ward visit. Doctors also reported more serious
and unknown adverse drug events than nurses. Adverse reactions to new drugs were reported during the daily ward visit only
(8% of all daily ward visit reports).
Conclusion: This study reconfirms that doctors are the main source for reports of serious and unknown adverse drug events in hospitalized
patients. However, patients themselves seem to report more adverse reactions to new drugs (during the daily ward visit). By
focusing on patients using new drugs, the daily ward visit might become cost-effective. This needs to be explored in future
studies.
Received: 10 September 1998 / Accepted in revised form: 30 November 1998 相似文献
60.