醋氨己酸锌在大鼠的药代动力学

测定了醋氨已酸锌(ZAC)在大鼠体内的药代动力学。结果表明:大鼠poZAC吸收迅速,给药后1.5h即可达峰,其后稍快下降。3个剂量组的吸收峰时及半衰期基本一致,T_1/2约在1.5h,峰浓度、AUC及CL/F呈剂量依赖关系。ZAC在大鼠的药代动力学模型为一室模型。组织分布的实验结果表明:服药2h后药物可广泛分布于各组织中,主要集中在胃、肠;肾、肝、血浆及肺次之;心、脾、脑较低;肌肉、子宫未检出。6h后胃中含锌量稍降,肺中含量变化不大,其它组织的药物浓度普遍明显下降,表明该药在组织中不易蓄积。ZACpo后主要经粪排出,尿及胆汁仅排出少量药物。     

Absence of ongoing activity in fibres arising from proximal nerve ends regenerating into mesothelial chambers

Morphological studies have indicated that proximal nerve ends of transected rat sciatic nerves regenerating into preformed mesothelial chambers show a different organization as compared to neuromas developed in contact with a muscle fascia. We have studied the physiological properties of nerve fibres arising from these types of preparations with reference to ongoing activity, response to mechanical stimulation and noradrenaline sensitivity. The study included also fibres arising from ligated and encapsulated neuromas. Fibres with ongoing activity arising from the neuroma could be found from neuromas in contact with a muscle fascia and also from ligated and encapsulated neuromas. This ongoing activity was enhanced by mechanical stimulation and i.v. infusion of noradrenaline. In contrast, fibres arising from proximal nerve ends in mesothelial chambers did not show ongoing activity. These silent fibres responded dynamically to light mechanical stimulation. Noradrenaline did not induce ongoing activity in these fibres.     

神经生长因子对小鼠突触体内Ca^2＋水平的调节作用

观察了多次海马内微注射ＮＧＦ对小鼠突触体内游离钙水平的影响，并在离体情况下观察ＮＧＦ对ＥＧＴＡ和ＣａＣｌ２分别造成突触体内低钙和高钙状态的调节作用。结果如下：（１）在体实验表明，一定剂量的ＮＧＦ可显著降低老年小鼠海马突触体内游离钙水平（Ｐ＜００５）；（２）离体实验表明，当突触体游离钙水平降低时，适当剂量的ＮＧＦ具有升高游离钙水平的作用；而突触体内游离钙水平升高时，则ＮＧＦ有降低游离钙水平的作用。提示ＮＧＦ对游离钙水平的双向调节作用可能是ＮＧＦ改善老年性记忆衰退的作用机制。     

海藻酸钠-氯化钡微囊对大鼠胰岛体外胰岛素分泌功能的影响

目的　观察海藻酸钠 -氯化钡微囊对大鼠胰岛体外胰岛素分泌功能有无影响。方法　以海藻酸钠和氯化钡为材料 ,采用气体吹喷制囊法将新鲜分离纯化的大鼠胰岛制成微囊化胰岛 ,取空微囊、微囊化大鼠胰岛与未微囊化大鼠胰岛各 5 0 0只 ,分为 10份 ,置于培养板中培养 ,用放免法测定并比较第 2、4、6 d培养液中基础胰岛素浓度。结果　空微囊组第 2、4、6 d的基础胰岛素平均浓度均为 0 nm ol/ 1/ 5 0 ,微囊化大鼠胰岛组第 2、4、6 d的基础胰岛素平均浓度为 5 .179、5 .80 6、5 .5 5 8nm ol/ 1/5 0只 ,未微囊化大鼠胰岛组第 2、4、6 d的基础胰岛素平均浓度为 5 .4 4 1、6 .0 80、5 .4 6 8nmol/ 1/ 5 0只 ,后两者差异无显著性意义 (P>0 .0 5 )。结论　海藻酸钠 -氯化钡微囊对大鼠胰岛体外胰岛素分泌功能无影响     

Depressive Symptoms as a Predictor of Sexual Function during Pregnancy

IntroductionBiopsychological and sociocultural factors have been reported to be associated with sexual function in pregnancy. To date, very few studies have focused on the relationship between sexual function and depression during pregnancy.AimTo determine whether depressive symptoms predict overall sexual function, desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain during pregnancy by using the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI).MethodsPregnant women undergoing prenatal examinations were randomly selected for this cross‐sectional investigation. The study included 555 pregnant women who completed the Taiwanese versions of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES‐D), FSFI, and a demographic questionnaire during pregnancy.Main Outcome MeasuresCES‐D scores for depressive symptoms, scores for overall sexual function on the FSFI, and the FSFI domains: desire, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, satisfaction, and pain.ResultsAfter adjusting for demographic factors, CES‐D scores during the first trimester negatively predicted overall sexual function (P = 0.0004), arousal (P = 0.0104), lubrication (P = 0.0016), orgasm (P = 0.0022), and pain (P < 0.0001). Moreover, CES‐D scores during the third trimester negatively predicted sexual desire (P = 0.0005) and satisfaction (P < 0.0001). Furthermore, gestational age negatively predicted overall sexual function, arousal, lubrication, orgasm, and pain (all P < 0.0001). Parity was a positive predictor of overall sexual function, arousal, lubrication, and orgasm (all P < 0.0005). Medical conditions were positive predictors of sexual desire (P = 0.0023).ConclusionsThe present study revealed that depressive symptom scores during early and late pregnancy were significant negative predictors of sexual function during pregnancy. Chang S‐R, Ho H‐N, Chen K‐H, Shyu M‐K, Huang L‐H, and Lin W‐A. Depressive symptoms as a predictor of sexual function during pregnancy. J Sex Med **;**:**–**.     

溃结Ⅰ号的制备与稳定性考察

目的提高医院临时处方溃结Ⅰ号保留灌肠剂的稳定性,并对其中的主要成分含量进行控制。方法制备时加入助悬剂,用沉降容积比和再分散性选择适宜的助悬剂及其最佳助悬浓度,并用紫外分光光度法对主要成分柳氮磺吡啶的含量进行测定。结果在制剂中加入卡波母作为助悬剂0.15%就可以达到良好的助悬效果,而且制备的制剂再分散性好。结论加入卡波母作为助悬剂制备的制剂稳定,再分散性好,便于使用和保存。     

Second trimester maternal serum hCG level in an Asian population: normal reference values by ultrasound dating

OBJECTIVE: To establish normative data of maternal serum chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) during the second trimester in an Asian population. METHODS: We measured the maternal serum hCG levels in 17,955 normal singleton pregnancies between 15 and 21 weeks of gestation. The gestation age was estimated by measurement of fetal biparietal distance (BPD) in all cases. Median values of hCG at various gestational weeks were calculated and the values of hCG were converted to multiple of median (MoM). The incidences of low MoM value and high MoM value were also calculated. RESULTS: The mean and median values of hCG were 57,153 mIU/ml and 50,120 mIU/ml, respectively, at 15 weeks of gestation and then decreased to 30,898 mIU/ml and 26,226 mIU/ml, respectively, at 21 weeks. We found 8.6% and 9.4% of normal singleton pregnancies have hCG MoM values >2.0 MoM and <0.5 MoM, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our report provides a normal reference data of second trimester maternal hCG levels by ultrasound dating in an Asian population.     

Human mesenchymal stem cells improve myocardial performance in a splenectomized rat model of chronic myocardial infarction.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Cellular therapy has been applied to animal studies and clinical trials for acute or subacute myocardial infarction. Little is known about the effect of cell therapy on chronic myocardial infarction. The goal of this study was to investigate myocardial performance after human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cell (hMSCs) transplantation in rats with chronic myocardial infarction. METHODS: The hMSCs were obtained from adult human bone marrow and expanded in vitro. The purity and characteristics of hMSCs were identified by flow cytometry and immunophenotyping. Splenectomy in male rats was performed to prevent immune reaction. One week after splenectomy, ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery was performed to induce myocardial infarction. Four weeks after ligation of the coronary artery, culture-expanded hMSCs were injected intramyocardially at the left anterior free wall. Left ventricular function measured by echocardiography, infarct size and immunohistochemical stain were performed to evaluate the effect of the therapy. RESULTS: The engrafted hMSCs were positive for the cardiac marker troponin T. Infarct size (35.4 +/- 3.4% vs. 53.3 +/- 3.0%, p < 0.001) and fibrotic area (2.6 +/- 0.1% vs. 5.9 +/- 0.2%, p < 0.001) were significantly smaller in the hMSC-treated group than in the control group at 28 days after therapy. hMSC transplantation resulted in smaller left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (6.5 +/- 0.1 mm vs. 7.9 +/- 0.7 mm, p < 0.001) and better left ventricular ejection fraction (88.7 +/- 1.2% vs. 65.8 +/- 2.5%, p < 0.001) than in the control group. Capillary density was markedly increased after hMSC transplantation compared with the control group. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates that intramyocardial transplantation of hMSCs improves cardiac function after chronic myocardial infarction through enhancement of angiogenesis and myogenesis in the ischemic myocardium. Transplantation of hMSCs for myocardial regeneration may become the future therapy for chronic myocardial infarction.     

Sympathetic and noradrenaline effects on C-fibre transmission: single-unit analysis

Single afferent unmyelinated fibres were dissected from the otherwise intact sural nerve in anesthetized rabbits. The sympathetic trunk could be stimulated via electrodes implanted through the abdomen. The response in single C fibres was elicited by electrical stimulation in the cutaneous innervation area of the fibre. Sympathetic stimulation (8 Hz, 1 ms pulses, 5 mA for 60 s) increased the latency in all tested C fibres (2.0% +/- 0.8%, mean +/- SD, n = 17). In 48% of the units the amplitude of the action potential decreased (26.4% +/- 12.3%) during sympathetic stimulation. Infusion of noradrenaline (5 micrograms min-1) increased (7.7% +/- 4.1%) the latency in all units and increased (36.9% +/- 29.8%) the amplitude of 25% of the units. The effects of sympathetic stimulation and noradrenaline infusion were blocked by pre-treatment with phentolamine (3 mg kg-1 i.v.). The results suggest that catecholamines change the membrane properties of unmyelinated fibres.