中药指纹图谱数据库的研究

目的:研制中药指纹图谱数据库(DTCMF).方法:DTCMF采用Visual FoxPro(VFP)6.0编程语言编制程序.数据库包括色谱、光谱、电泳和DNA指纹谱以及X射线衍射、热分析谱等.结果:DTCMF可独立正常运行在目前常见的所有操作系统中,数据信息量大,检索系统完善,维护与更新便捷.结论:DTCMF具有通用性、实用性及易用性,为中药品质评价提供帮助与参考.     

头穴透刺对帕金森病大鼠黑质多巴胺能神经元形态数量影响研究

目的：研究头穴透刺对帕金森病模型大鼠黑质多巴胺能神经元形态及数量的影响。方法：以6-羟基多巴胺微量注射法制备帕金森病大鼠旋转模型,采用头穴透刺疗法进行治疗,设立正常组、模型组和透刺组：以免疫组织化学方法检测大鼠黑质多巴胺能神经元酪氨酸羟化酶阳性细胞的形态及数量变化;采用透射电镜观察各组大鼠黑质神经元形态及数量变化。结果：透刺组与模型组比较大鼠黑质多巴胺能神经元形态及数量均明显改善。结论：头穴透刺疗法可以改善多巴胺能神经元形态、增加多巴胺能神经元数量。     

海军飞行人员疲劳状况与人格特征相关性研究

目的 探讨海军飞行人员疲劳状况与人格特征的相关性.方法 对548名海军飞行人员采用疲劳评定量表和艾森克个性问卷进行测评分析.结果 海军飞行人员疲劳评定量表因子1、因子2、因子3评分显著低于慢性疲劳综合征患者,因子4评分显著高于慢性疲劳综合征患者(P＜0.01);与健康者相比各因子分差异均无显著性(P＞0.05).不同年龄段海军飞行人员疲劳评定量表各因子分差异均无显著性(P＞0.05);不同战机类型海军飞行人员因子1、因子2评分差异有显著性(P＜0.05或0.01),轰炸机飞行人员因子1评分显著高于歼击机飞行人员,因子2评分显著高于运输机飞行人员;不同专业类型海军飞行人员因子2评分差异有显著性(P＜0.01),机械师显著低于驾驶员和领航员;不同气质类型海军飞行人员疲劳评定量表各因子分差异均有显著性(P＜0.01).海军飞行人员疲劳评定量表因子1评分与艾森克个性问卷各维度评分呈显著相关(P＜0.01),因子2评分与神经质、掩饰性维度评分呈显著相关(P＜0.01),因子3评分与精神质、神经质、掩饰性维度评分呈显著相关(P＜0.05或0.01),因子4评分与精神质、神经质维度评分显著相关(P＜0.01).结论 海军飞行人员疲劳状况与人格特征密切相关.     

原发性干燥综合征外周血单个核细胞P2X7受体表达及其与焦虑、抑郁的相关性

目的 探讨原发性干燥综合征（primary Sj（o）gren＇s syndrome,pSS）患者外周血单个核细胞（PBMC）表面P2X7受体表达情况及其与焦虑、抑郁的相关性.方法 用汉密尔顿焦虑、抑郁量表对31例pSS患者（pSS组）进行心理评估,分离其PBMC,在有或无ATP刺激后用流式细胞术检测CD14＋PBMC及CD14-PBMC表面P2X7受体的表达水平,并用酶联免疫吸附试验测定ATP刺激前后白介素（interleukin,IL）-1β、IL-6水平.另外,分别设有19例类风湿关节炎（rheumatoid arthritis,RA）患者（RA组）及18例单纯焦虑、抑郁障碍患者（焦虑抑郁组）作为阳性对照,20例健康人（健康组）为阴性对照.结果 所有4组受试者PBMC表面均有P2X7受体表达.ATP刺激较未刺激,CD14＋PBMC（单核细胞）表面P2X7受体表达仅在pSS组[（5.6%3±2.48%） vs.（3.98%±1.68%）,t=3.647,P=0.001]显著增高,而在CD14-PBMC（主要为淋巴细胞）表面其表达在pSS组[（16.92%±9.25%）vs.（10.06%±4.35%）,t=4.908,P〈0.001]及焦虑抑郁组[（12.68%±8.15%） vs.（8.07%±5.05%）,t=3.412,P=0.003]均显著增高.ATP刺激后,pSS组CD14＋PBMC表面P2X7受体表达显著高于RA组[（5.63%±2.48%）vs.（4.15%±2.20%）,P=0.044]、焦虑、抑郁组[（5.63%±2.48%） vs.（3.35%±1.80%）,P=0.004]及健康组[（5.63%±2.48%） vs.（3.25%±2.05%）,P=0.002].ATP刺激后,pSS患者PBMC上清中IL-1β水平与刺激后外周血CD14＋PBMC表面P2X7受体表达呈显著正相关（r=0.447,P=0.025）.pSS组存在焦虑的患者占45.2%（14/31）,存在抑郁的患者占32.3%（10/31）.ATP刺激后,CD14-PBMC表面P2X7受体表达与pSS组、焦虑抑郁组焦虑评分（r=0.344,P=0.030）及抑郁评分（r=0.319,P=0.045）呈显著正相关.结论 pSS患者PBMC表面P2X7受体高表达,可能与pSS的发病机制及其合并焦虑、抑郁相关.     

Preoperative Statin Therapy Decreases Risk of Postoperative Renal Insufficiency

Introduction: Although current guidelines recommend withholding statins in perioperative patients, little information is available on whether perioperative statin use increases risk for postoperative renal failure. Aims: We examined the relation between preoperative statin therapy and postoperative risk for renal insufficiency in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Methods: Retrospective cohort review from the Texas Heart Institute research database was performed. Patients were divided into two groups: those who received preoperative statins and those who did not. Primary outcome was the development of postoperative renal insufficiency (requiring dialysis or not). Outcomes were assessed in the entire cohort and in subgroups undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), isolated valve surgery, or combined CABG and valve surgery. Results: Of 3001 patients, 56% received preoperative statins. In multivariate logistic regression analysis, preoperative statins were associated with significant reductions in risk for postoperative renal insufficiency in the entire cohort (odds ratio [OR]= 0.60, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.38–0.95) and in patients undergoing isolated CABG (OR = 0.34, 95% CI 0.17–0.68). In patients undergoing isolated valve surgery (OR = 1.35, 95% CI 0.61–2.96) or combined CABG and valve surgery (OR = 1.39, 95% CI 0.48–3.99), preoperative statins were not associated with decreased incidence of postoperative renal insufficiency. Age >65 years, preoperative renal insufficiency, history of congestive heart failure, preoperative intra‐aortic balloon pump insertion, and total cardiopulmonary bypass time >80 min were also independent predictors associated with increased risk for postoperative renal insufficiency. Conclusions: Preoperative statin therapy was associated with decreased incidence of postoperative renal insufficiency in patients undergoing cardiac surgeries, particularly in patients undergoing isolated CABG.     

Adrenergic regulation of clock gene expression in mouse liver

A main oscillator in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) conveys circadian information to the peripheral clock systems for the regulation of fundamental physiological functions. Although polysynaptic autonomic neural pathways between the SCN and the liver were observed in rats, whether activation of the sympathetic nervous system entrains clock gene expression in the liver has yet to be understood. To assess sympathetic innervation from the SCN to liver tissue, we investigated whether injection of adrenaline/noradrenaline (epinephrine/norepinephrine) or sympathetic nerve stimulation could induce mPer gene expression in mouse liver. Acute administration of adrenaline or noradrenaline increased mPer1 but not mPer2 expression in the liver of mice in vivo and in hepatic slices in vitro. Electrical stimulation of the sympathetic nerves or adrenaline injection caused an elevation of bioluminescence in the liver area of transgenic mice carrying mPer1 promoter-luciferase. Under a light-dark cycle, destruction of the SCN flattened the daily rhythms of not only mPer1, mPer2, and mBmal1 genes but also noradrenaline content in the liver. Daily injection of adrenaline, administered at a fixed time for 6 days, recovered oscillations of mPer2 and mBmal1 gene expression in the liver of mice with SCN lesion on day 7. Sympathetic nerve denervation by 6-hydroxydopamine flattened the daily rhythm of mPer1 and mPer2 gene expression. Thus, on the basis of the present results, activation of the sympathetic nerves through noradrenaline and/or adrenaline release was a factor controlling the peripheral clock.