Effect of Focused Cardiac Ultrasound in Combination with Lung Ultrasound on Critically Ill Patients:A Multicenter Observational Study in China

Objective Focused cardiac ultrasound (FCU) and lung ultrasound (LU) are increasingly being used in critically ill patients.This study aimed to investigate the effect of FCU in combination with LU on these patients and to determine if the timing of ultrasound examination was associated with treatment change.Methods This is a multicenter cross-sectional observational study.Consecutive patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) were screened for enrollment.FCU and LU were performed within the first 24 h,and treatment change was proposed by the performer based on the ultrasound results and other clinical conditions.Results Among the 992 patients included,502 were examined within 6 h of ICU admission (early phase group),and 490 were examined after 6 h of admission (later phase group).The early phase group and the later phase group had similar proportions of treatment change (48.8％ vs.49.0 ％,x2 =0.003,P=0.956).In the multivariable analysis,admission for respiratory failure was an independent variable associated with treatment change,with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.357[95 ％ confidence interval (CI):1.284-4.326,P=0.006];the timing of examination was not associated with treatment change (OR=0.725,95％CI:0.407-1.291,P=0.275).Conclusions FCU in combination with LU,whether performed during the early phase or later phase,had a significant impact on the treatment of critically ill patients.Patients with respiratory failure were more likely to experience treatment change after the ultrasound examination.     

多发性硬化型脊髓炎MRI研究进展

脊髓炎是一种脊髓炎性病变导致运动、感觉及自主神经功能障碍的综合征,常常给患者带来不同程度的残疾,其主要包括疾病相关性脊髓炎和特发性横贯性脊髓炎。临床中对多发性硬化(multiple sclerosis,MS)型脊髓炎的诊断存在一定的困难,但随着神经高级影像学的快速发展,MRI已成为MS型脊髓炎诊断的重要手段。现就MS型脊髓炎MRI研究进展进行综述。     

Demirjian法在乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族未成年人年龄推断中的应用

目的:研究Demirjian法推断乌鲁木齐市3~16岁维吾尔族儿童、青少年实际年龄的适用性。方法:收集乌鲁木齐市新疆医科大学第一附属医院口腔中心符合纳入标准的年龄在3~16周岁的维吾尔族儿童、青少年口腔曲面断层片362例(男195例,女167例),按照Demirjian法记录牙齿发育指数及牙龄,并对实际年龄与Demirjian法推断的牙龄进行配对t检验,将牙齿成熟指数和年龄进行曲线拟合,初步建立两者间的数学模型。结果:直接应用用Demirjian法进行年龄评估时,其推断的年龄与实际生活年龄之间的差异有统计学意义(P0.05),牙齿成熟指数(Y)与实际年龄(X)的相关回归方程如下:Y(男)=-61.119+20.965X-0.686X2,Y(女)=-74.475+25.214X-0.901X2。结论:Demirjian法不能用于测定乌鲁木齐市3~16岁年龄段维吾尔族儿童、青少年的年龄,使用时需进行适当的修正。     

Therapeutic experience with primary liposarcoma from the sigmoid mesocolon accompanied with well-differentiated liposarcomas in the pelvis

Multifocal liposarcoma with different histological types is rare, especially that originating from the mesentery. We herein report a case of primary myxoid liposarcoma from the sigmoid mesocolon that was accompanied with well-differentiated liposarcomas in the pelvis. The location, the fat signal and the relationship with adjacent organs of the liposarcomas were well shown in the axial, coronal and sagittal dimensions of MRI, giving a comprehensive and specific image before surgery. To alleviate the patient’s symptoms and mental stress, a laparotomy was performed. The tumors were all completely excised with macroscopic free margins. The final histopathological report showed that the tumor in the sigmoid mesocolon was a pure myxoid liposarcoma, while the pelvic tumors were spindle cell liposarcomas, a special type of well-differentiated liposarcoma. According to the AJCC staging system, they were all stage IIB. No further adjuvant therapy was performed. Close follow-up after the surgery has been performed, and the patient has remained healthy without any evidence of recurrence or metastasis for 17 months after the surgery.     

Blood-testis barrier and spermatogenesis： lessons From genetically-modified mice

The blood-testis barrier （BTB） is found between adjacent Sertoli cells in the testis where it creates a unique microenvironment for the development and maturation of meiotic and postmeiotic germ cells in seminiferous tubes. It is a compound proteinous structure, composed of several types of cell junctions including tight junctions （TJs）, adhesion junctions and gap junctions （GJs）. Some of the junctional proteins function as structural proteins of BTB and some have regulatory roles. The deletion or functional silencing of genes encoding these proteins may disrupt the BTB, which may cause immunological or other damages to meiotic and postmeiotic cells and ultimately lead to spermatogenic arrest and infertility. In this review, we will summarize the findings on the BTB structure and function from genetically-modified mouse models and discuss the future perspectives.     

病人自控镇痛泵在烧伤创面疼痛中的应用效果

[目的]对烧伤病人应用病人自控镇痛(PCA)泵效果进行评价,探讨适合烧伤病人疼痛治疗的方法。[方法]①将入选对象随机分为两组:观察组应用吗啡通过PCA泵进行持续静脉输注;对照组给予哌替啶肌肉注射。②分别记录两组病人换药前及换药后30min心率、呼吸、血压及血氧饱和度情况,测定换药后30 min血糖、血清电解质及阴离子间隙(E4A)、血气分析及空腹血糖值。③记录换药后两组病人疼痛评分、镇静评分及不良反应(主要是恶心、呕吐)。[结果]观察组疼痛评分、应激性血糖升高反应明显低于对照组(P<0.01),机体耗氧量降低及无氧代谢减少(P<0.05);使用PCA的病人无呼吸循环抑制表现。[结论]PCA能有效地控制和缓解烧伤病人的疼痛,降低烧伤所致的高代谢。     

郭志强教授运用"提壶揭盖"法治疗多囊卵巢综合征的经验

多囊卵巢综合征(polycystic ovary syndrome,PCOS)为临床上常见的生殖内分泌代谢性疾病,根据其临床表现,中医常将其归为闭经、月经后期、月经过少、不孕症等范畴.目前中医治疗PCOS思路多从肝、脾、肾的调理入手.郭志强教授根据多年临床经验提出应用"提壶揭盖"法从肺论治PCOS."提壶揭盖"法主要适用于PCOS中的两种实证:肺失宣降,痰湿内蕴;肺气闭郁,气滞血瘀."提壶揭盖"多为宣肺之法,临床多用辛味、发散之药,并常佐以健脾、养血之品顾护气血.     

Relationship between effort–reward imbalance and hair cortisol concentration in female kindergarten teachers

Objective

The present study aims to investigate the relationship between effort–reward imbalance and hair cortisol concentration among teachers to examine whether hair cortisol can be a biomarker of chronic work stress.

Methods

Hair samples were collected from 39 female teachers from three kindergartens. Cortisol was extracted from the hair samples with methanol, and cortisol concentrations were measured with high performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Work stress was measured using the effort–reward imbalance scale.

Results

The ratio of effort to reward showed significantly positive association with hair cortisol concentration.

Conclusion

The cortisol concentration in the system increases with the effort–reward imbalance. Measurement of hair cortisol can become a useful biomarker of chronic work stress.     

Region‐specific impairments in striatal synaptic transmission and impaired instrumental learning in a mouse model of Angelman syndrome

Angelman syndrome (AS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by mental retardation and impaired speech. Because patients with this disorder often exhibit motor tremor and stereotypical behaviors, which are associated with basal ganglia pathology, we hypothesized that AS is accompanied by abnormal functioning of the striatum, the input nucleus of the basal ganglia. Using mutant mice with maternal deficiency of AS E6‐AP ubiquitin protein ligase Ube3a (Ube3a^m?/p+), we assessed the effects of Ube3a deficiency on instrumental conditioning, a striatum‐dependent task. We used whole‐cell patch‐clamp recording to measure glutamatergic transmission in the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) and dorsolateral striatum (DLS). Ube3a^m?/p+ mice were severely impaired in initial acquisition of lever pressing. Whereas the lever pressing of wild‐type controls was reduced by outcome devaluation and instrumental contingency reversal, the performance of Ube3a^m?/p+ mice were more habitual, impervious to changes in outcome value and action–outcome contingency. In the DMS, but not the DLS, Ube3a^m?/p+ mice showed reduced amplitude and frequency of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents. These results show for the first time a selective deficit in instrumental conditioning in the Ube3a deficient mouse model, and suggest a specific impairment in glutmatergic transmission in the associative corticostriatal circuit in AS.