HPLC测定益肤霜中红霉素和地塞米松的含量

采用ＨＰＬＣ测定益肤霜中红霉素和地塞米松的含量，控制制剂的质量。色谱条件：固定相为Ｋｒｏｍａｓｉｌ Ｃ１８柱；流动相为乙腈－０．２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ醋酸铵－水，流速０．８ｍｌ／ｍｉｎ；检测波长２１５ｎｍ。以ｃ对峰面积Ａ作直线回归，红霉素在１．５－２４ｇ／Ｌ地塞米松在２０－３００ｍｇ／Ｌ的范围内，其浓度与峰面积呈直线关系。红霉素回收率为９９．６９％；地塞米松的回收率为１００．２８％。本法操作简便，结果准确，     

Quality assessment and assurance in diagnostic imaging. Theoretical and practical considerations and a quality audit of the excretory urogram

Concepts necessary to an understanding of the basics of quality assurance audits are presented. Included are specific examples that bridged theory and practice by applying the protocol to a real-life diagnostic imaging situation. This method meets the present requirements of the Joint Commission of the Accrediation of Hospitals.     

Prekallikrein-Kallikrein conversion rate as a predictor of contrast material catastrophies

An in vitro is described that attempts to detect patients with a potential for adverse systemic reactions to contrast material. This test involves measuring the rate of conversion of prekallikrein to kallikrein under certain standard conditions. In a preliminary retrospective study, the test could be used to identify such patients with a sensitivity of 88%, a specificity of 82%, and a predictive value of 79%.     

Fatal toxic shock syndrome associated with Clostridium sordellii after medical abortion

Endometritis and toxic shock syndrome associated with Clostridium sordellii have previously been reported after childbirth and, in one case, after medical abortion. We describe four deaths due to endometritis and toxic shock syndrome associated with C. sordellii that occurred within one week after medically induced abortions. Clinical findings included tachycardia, hypotension, edema, hemoconcentration, profound leukocytosis, and absence of fever. These cases indicate the need for physician awareness of this syndrome and for further study of its association with medical abortion.     

A randomized clinical trial of valacyclovir in multiple sclerosis

OBJECTIVE: The human Herpesvirus type-6 (HHV-6) has been implicated in multiple sclerosis (MS). Valacyclovir is an antiviral agent with an excellent safety profile. A two-year placebo-controlled, double-blind study was conducted to (1) ascertain if high-dose, prolonged treatment with valacyclovir would be safe and (2) observe if valacyclovir would delay the progression of MS clinically or by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). DESIGN/METHODS: Fifty-eight patients were stratified as to severity and randomly assigned to receive valacyclovir (3000 mg/day) or placebo for a period of two years. Patients were followed clinically over the two-year period by means of the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), the Ambulation Index (AI) and brain MRI scans. Patients underwent routine lab studies every three months. Patients continued on the medication for two years unless they had a sustained progression or repeated exacerbations. RESULTS: No patient discontinued the study due to side effects or toxicity. In Relative Ranking of Progression, time to first attack, attack rate, and time to withdrawal there were trends (but not statistically significant) toward drug effect over placebo in the Severe clinical category. MRI evaluation showed no significant drug effect. CONCLUSIONS: Although not statistically significant, positive trends were detected for acyclovir by clinical measures, but not by MRI.     

Suicidal ideation and correlates in Taiwanese adolescent methamphetamine users

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of suicidal ideation and its correlates in adolescent methamphetamine (MAMP) users. Using the Epidemiological Version of the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia, 200 adolescent MAMP users were assessed for suicidal ideation and psychiatric disorders during the preceding year. Demographic variables, family and peer interaction, characteristics of MAMP use, and personality were also evaluated. Factors correlating to suicidal ideation in adolescent MAMP users were analyzed by logistic regression. In the preceding year, 16% of adolescent MAMP users had suicidal ideation, and multiple factors, including illicit drug use among family members, depressive disorder, adjustment disorder, and emotional instability, correlated with suicidal ideation. Multiple factors, including family, psychopathology, and personality correlate with suicidal ideation in adolescent MAMP users. Subjects showing these characteristics should be monitored for suicidal ideation.     

Reemerging leptospirosis, California

Leptospirosis is a reemerging infectious disease in California. Leptospirosis is the most widespread zoonosis throughout the world, though it is infrequently diagnosed in the continental United States. From 1982 to 2001, most reported California cases occurred in previously healthy young adult white men after recreational exposures to contaminated freshwater. We report five recent cases of human leptospirosis acquired in California, including the first documented common-source outbreak of human leptospirosis acquired in this state, and describe the subsequent environmental investigation. Salient features in the California cases include high fever with uniform renal impairment and mild hepatitis. Because leptospirosis can progress rapidly if untreated, this reemerging infection deserves consideration in febrile patients with a history of recreational freshwater exposure, even in states with a low reported incidence of infection.     

Increased Production and Excretion of Urea in the Kuruma Shrimp (Marsupenaeus japonicus) Exposed to Combined Environments of Increased Ammonia and Nitrite

Marsupenaeus japonicus (6.37 ± 1.29 g) individually exposed to 9 different combined solutions of ambient ammonia (C) and nitrite (C) ammonia at 0.003 [control], 0.39, and 1.49 mmol/L combined with nitrite at 0.001 [control], 0.38, and 1.49 mmol/L in 30 ppt were examined for nitrogenous excretion accumulations of ammonia, nitrite, urea, and uric acid in tissues after 48 hours. M. japonicus exposed to 0.39 mmol/L ammonia–0.38 mmol/L nitrite displayed higher levels of urea-nitrogen (UNE) and organic-N (ONE) excretion by a factor of 2.2 and 5.7, respectively, compared with shrimp exposed only to 0.39 mmol/L ammonia. Exposure to 0.39 mmol/L ammonia–0.38 mmol/L nitrite resulted in lower levels of hemolymph uric acid (HUA), gill ammonia (GAM), gill urea (GUE), gill uric acid (GUA), hepatopancreas ammonia (HPAM), hepatopancreas urea (HPUE), and hepatopancreas uric acid (APUA), respectively, compared with shrimp exposed only to 0.39 mmol/L ammonia. We concluded that M. japonicus exposed to combined environments of ammonia and nitrite display increased nitrogen metabolism and production of urea-N and other organic-N.