p16在肝细胞癌组织内变异的研究

应用分子杂交及免疫组化方法检测５６例ＨＣＣ组织内的抑癌基因ｐ１６。结果显示,ＨＣＣ标本中ｐ１６蛋白在癌细胞内表达的阳性率为３７５％（２１／５６）,而ｐ１６ＤＮＡ斑点杂交的阳性率为５５３６％（３１／５６）。Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ转膜杂交证实,１２５％（７／５６）ＨＣＣ标本存在ｐ１６的甲基化变异,４４６４％（２５／５６）ｐ１６基因缺失。提示ＨＣＣ发生、发展过程中存在ｐ１６基因的缺失和甲基化变异     

Heterogeneous cardiac sympathetic denervation and decreased myocardial nerve growth factor in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: implications for cardiac sympathetic dysinnervation complicating diabetes

Heterogeneous myocardial sympathetic denervation complicating diabetes has been invoked as a factor contributing to sudden unexplained cardiac death. In subjects with diabetic autonomic neuropathy (DAN), distal left ventricular (LV) denervation contrasts with preservation of islands of proximal innervation, which exhibit impaired vascular responsiveness. The aims of this study were to determine whether this heterogeneous pattern of myocardial sympathetic denervation occurs in a rat model of diabetes and to explore a potential association with regional fluctuations in myocardial nerve growth factor (NGF) protein. Myocardial sympathetic denervation was characterized scintigraphically using the sympathetic neurotransmitter analog C-11 hydroxyephedrine ([11C]HED) and compared with regional changes in myocardial NGF protein abundance and norepinephrine content after 6 and 9 months in nondiabetic (ND) and streptozotocin-induced diabetic (STZ-D) rats. In ND rats, no difference in [11C]HED retention or norepinephrine content was detected in the proximal versus distal myocardium. After 6 months, compared with ND rats, myocardial [11C]HED retention had declined in the proximal segments of STZ-D rats by only 9% (NS) compared with a 33% decrease in the distal myocardium (P < 0.05). Myocardial norepinephrine content was similar in both ND and STZ-D rats. At 6 months, LV myocardial NGF protein content in STZ-D rats decreased by 52% in the proximal myocardial segments (P < 0.01 vs. ND rats) and by 82% distally (P < 0.01 vs. ND rats, P < 0.05 vs. proximal segments). By 9 months, [11C]HED retention had declined in both the proximal and distal myocardial segments of the STZ-D rats by 42% (P < 0.01 vs. ND rats), and LV norepinephrine content and NGF protein were decreased in parallel. Therefore, 6 months of STZ-induced diabetes results in heterogeneous cardiac sympathetic denervation in the rat, with maximal denervation occurring distally, and is associated with a proximal-to-distal gradient of LV NGF protein depletion. It is tempting to speculate that regional fluctuations of NGF protein in the diabetic myocardium contribute to heterogeneous cardiac sympathetic denervation complicating diabetes.     

窥镜下激光治疗前列腺增生症

目的 评价经尿道激光前列腺切除术（ＴＵＬＰ）的疗效及其与前列腺大小的关系。方法 回顾分析了１９８８年至１９９８年１０年,采用ＴＵＬＰ治疗的４６９例前列腺增生症患者对手术技术、手术前后的症关改善情况进行比较,并对２３３例符合条件的患者ＴＵＬＰ手术效果与前列腺大小的相关性进行了研究。结果 ４６９例患者前列腺症状评分（ＩＰＳＳ）平均值由术前的２６．７降到术后的１４．２;最大尿流率平均值由６．２ｍｌ／ｓ上     

白细胞介素12对肝癌基因治疗的实验研究

目的 研究携带白细胞介素１２（ＩＬ－１２）基因逆转录病毒载体对体内肝癌生长抑制作用,探索基因治疗肝癌新途径。方法 构建携带ＩＬ－１２的逆转录病毒载体,转染逆转录病毒包装细胞系ＰＡ３１７,应用该包装细胞对实验性肝癌大鼠进行治疗,观察抗肿瘤作用,免疫功能变化。     

围手术期心脏起搏临床应用探讨

报道５８例非心脏手术的围手术期心脏起搏临床应用,重点讨论围手术期心脏起搏的方法与适应症。认为经静脉右室起搏疗效恒定可靠,适应症范围广。对伴有缓慢型或快速型心律失常的心脏病或潜在心脏病患者,围手术期心脏起搏适应症可适当放宽,以确保麻醉手术顺利进行     

Three-Dimensional Echocardiographic Reconstruction of the Left Ventricle by a Transesophageal Tomographic Technique: In Vitro and In Vivo Validation of its Volume Measurement

Accurate determination of left ventricular (LV) volume has important therapeutic and prognostic implications in patients with cardiac disease. Volume estimations by two-dimensional techniques are not very accurate due to geometric assumptions. OBJECTIVES: To validate LV volume determinations by a new transesophageal three-dimensional echocardiographic technique. We performed three-dimensional reconstruction of the LV using an echo-computed tomographic (CT) technique based on serial pullback parallel slice imaging technique in both in vitro and in vivo settings. Fourteen latex balloons with various sizes (30-235 mL) and shapes (conical, pear shaped, round, elliptical, and aneurysms in various locations) filled with known volumes of water were imaged in a water bath. From the static three-dimensional image, the LV long axis was defined and the LV was sectioned perpendicular to this axis into 2-mm slices. The volume of each slice was calculated with the observer blinded to the actual volume as the product of the slice thickness and the manually traced perimeter of the slice and the LV volume as the sum of the volumes of the slices (Simpson's method). The calculated LV volume closely correlated with the actual volume (r = 0.99, P < 0.0001, calculated volume = 1.06x - 11.3, Deltavolume = -5.7 +/- 10.0 cc). Using the same system, transesophageal echocardiographic (TEE) images of the LV were obtained in 15 patients gated to respiration and ECG. Satisfactory dynamic three-dimensional reconstruction of the LV was possible in ten patients. The three-dimensional LV volumes (systolic and diastolic) using Simpson's method correlated well with those obtained from biplane or multiplane TEE images using the area length method (r = 0.89, p < 0.0001, y = 12.7 + 0.84x, Deltavolume = 1.3 +/- 18.1 cc). The LV major-axis diameters by the two methods showed very close correlations as well (r = 0.86, P < 0.0001, y = 19 + 0.74x, Deltadiameter = 1.0 +/- 7.2 mm). We conclude that three-dimensional LV volume calculation by the echo-CT technique is intrinsically sound, is independent of LV geometry, and with some limitations, is applicable in vivo. (ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY, Volume 13, November 1996)     

A new sesquiterpene lactone from Elephantopus mollis

A methanolic extract of the whole plant of Elephantopus mollis was found to contain lupeol, lupeol acetate, epifriedelinol, molephantin, and 2-de-ethoxy-2-methoxyphantomolin, as well as a new sesquiterpene lactone determined to be 2-de-ethoxy-2-hydroxyphantomolin.     

艾灸对大鼠胃溃疡模型的影响

<正> 近年来,胃粘膜的保护作用很受人们关注,这方面的研究也取得了显著的进展本文试图用醋酸烧灼胃粘膜面造成大鼠胃溃疡模型,以此为对象,研究艾灸在保护胃粘膜方面可能存在的作用。     

前庭水管扩大综合征患者的人工耳蜗植入术

目的 评价前庭水管扩大综合征患者人工耳蜗植入术的安全性和可行性。方法 1995年5月1日～2002年6月1日因双耳重-极重度感音神经性聋在北京协和医院接受人工耳蜗植入术的患者312例中诊断为双耳前庭水管扩大者10例(3．2％)，其中语前聋7例，语后聋3例。回顾性分析这10例患者的临床资料。结果 10例患者人工耳蜗电极植入顺利，8例耳蜗底回开窗时发生轻度井喷，迅速用颞肌筋膜牢固封闭圆窗制止井喷。全部患者术后未出现脑脊液漏、颅内感染、面瘫、中耳炎等并发症。开机6个月时8例患者具有开放性言语识别力，已进入普通学校(幼儿园、小学、大学)就读。另2例语前聋的幼儿视觉强化测听听阈达40dB HL，与其他无内耳畸形的全聋儿童术后效果差异无显著性。全聋前语言能力较好的5例患者术后语言能力明显好于语前聋的患者，语言交流基本听不出聋人特有的语音特征。另5例患者语言均有不同程度的进步。结论 尽管前庭水管扩大患者在人工耳蜗植入术中可能出现井喷，但术后未出现并发症且听力-言语康复效果好，因此重-极重度聋的前庭水管扩大综合征患者行人工耳蜗植入术是安全可行的。     

肝素钠细菌内毒素检查法的建立

目的: 建立肝素钠原料药的细菌内毒素检查方法.方法: 通过干扰评价试验,证明肝素钠对细菌内毒素检查有抑制作用,使用稀释剂(I)适当补充二价阳离子,对样品作适当稀释,以消除其干扰抑制作用.结果: 补充适量的二价阳离子可以消除干扰作用.结论: 肝素钠原料药可以建立细菌内毒素检查法.