The pathogenesis of lead encephalopathy

Summary The toxic effects of inorganic lead feedings on the immature brain were studied in the rat pup. Beginning when litters were two weeks old, PbCO₃ was fed to nursing mothers and then to pups directly after weaning. Results in lead-fed pups were compared to age-matched controls and to lead-fed young adult males (60 days old). Anaemia and growth failure developed in both pups and adults. In the second week, more than half the pups developed an encephalopathy, with haemorrhage and oedema predominately in the cerebellum and lead-containing densities in the cerebellar molecular layer. The latter were confirmed by X-ray microanalysis. No lead-fed adults showed signs of an encephalopathy.Cerebellar mitochondria from lead-fed pups, studied polarographically, showed a very early loss of respiratory control and a subsequent inhibition of phosphorylation-coupled respiration with NAD-linked substrates but not with succinate. Compared to the pup cerebellum, these changes were much less marked in immature cerebral mitochondria and were not found in adult cerebral or cerebellar mitochondria.Cerebral and cerebellar homogenates from immature and mature lead-fed animals showed large increases in lead content measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Immature cerebellar mitochondrial lead contents were increased to the same extent as in the homogenates. Mitochondria from immature cerebrum and from both regions in the mature brain showed less immediate and smaller increases in lead content.In conclusion, altered mitochondrial respiration occurs early in regional and age-dependent association with lead encephalopathy in the rat pup. The development of lead encephalopathy also is associated with increased mitochondrial lead concentrations.     

Analysis of bovine herpesvirus 4 (DN 599) major antigens with monoclonal antibodies and polyclonal immune serum

Summary Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and polyclonal immune sera were produced and used to identify the major antigens of bovine herpesvirus type 4 (BHV-4). SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of immunoprecipitates of radiolabeled lysates from infected cells resolved 24 peptide bands varying from 12kDa to over 300kDa. Six peptides were identified as major viral antigens by immunoprecipitation. Based on the pattern of radioimmunoprecipitation, MAbs were assigned into four groups. Group 1 precipitated a tunicamycinsensitive glycoprotein complex which contained six components (245, 190, 152, 123, and 48/46kDa). Deglycosylation with endoglycosidase F revealed two peptides with M_r of 93 and 38kDa as the basic peptides of the glycoprotein complex. In addition, a 115kDa glycopeptide containing glycan-peptide bonds of mixed type was identified. Group 2 precipitated a non-glycosylated protein complex consisting of three monomers (33/31/30kDa). Groups 3 and 4 reacted with single monomeric non-glycosylated peptides with M_r of 48 and 14kDa, respectively. Although none of the MAbs exhibited significant neutralizing activity, some reacted strongly in immunosorbent and/or immunohistochemical assays, suggesting they may be good candidates for use in diagnostic assays.     

肾阳虚患者头发微量元素锌、铜变化

本文通过对41例肾阳虚患者不同疾病头发微量元素的分组对比观察,探讨微量元素与"证"和"病"之间的关系。发现肾阳虚患者在不同疾病头发锌含量有相同的改变,比对照组明显降低(P<0.001),显示肾阳虚证与锌的低下有关。克汀病组头发铜含量比对照和骨质增生组均明显降低(P<0.001及0.01),克汀病和骨质增生所产生的病理变化和临床表现与这两种不同疾病对某些微量元素含量的减少或增多以及影响人的正常代谢有关。     

The study of tuberculosis outbreak in a high school—Shanghai,China, 2017–2018

Journal of Public Health - To investigate the attack rate of active tuberculosis (TB) cases and detection rate of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) cases, and to identify possible factors...     

含双酚—A和杂环结构的聚芳醚酮的合成与表征

用苯酚、苯酐和水合肼合成了4-（4-羟苯基）-2,3-二氮杂萘酮-1,并与双酚-A和二苯甲酮聚合,得到含双酚-A和杂环结构的聚醚酮聚合物。用FT-IR、^13C-NMR、DSC、TGA和DMA等方法对聚合物进行了表征。结果表明,这种可溶性的非晶态聚合物有较高的Tg和很高的耐热温度,Tg随聚合物的组成不同而变化（158-224℃）,5%热失重温度为444-541℃。     

鸡贫血病毒VP 3基因的克隆及其体外凋亡诱导效应的研究

用PCR方法扩增了鸡贫血病毒标准株的vp3基因,并将其克隆于真核表达载体pcDNA3上,构建了重组体pcDNA-vp3.经酶切鉴定及测序分析表明,该片段和预期相符.在体外利用LipofectAMINETM介导的基因转染,将pc-DNA-vp3、pcDNA3分别转入肝癌细胞系HepG2和二倍体肝细胞系L-02中,转染后的RT-PCR结果证实vp3基因在细胞中得到了表达.同时利用筛选稳定表达细胞株的技术和原位细胞凋亡检测法,证明了鸡贫血病毒是以凋亡的方式诱导细胞死亡,并且只诱导癌细胞的凋亡,而不诱导正常或二倍体细胞死亡.表明鸡贫血病毒vp3基因很可能成为一种极具潜力的抗肿瘤生物制剂.     

Intradialytic systolic blood pressure variation can predict long-term mortality in patients on maintenance hemodialysis

International Urology and Nephrology - It is unclear which time-points of intradialytic blood pressure (BP) best predict prognosis. Thus, it is important to assess the association between different...     

Off-clamp Retroperitoneoscopic Tumour Evacuation for Sporadic Renal Angiomyolipomas with High RENAL Nephrometry Scores: A Novel Surgical Technique and Its Outcomes

BackgroundPartial nephrectomy or angioembolisation is commonly used for sporadic renal angiomyolipomas (RAMLs) with high RENAL scores, but there is a risk of reduced renal function, postoperative complications, and recurrence.ObjectiveTo describe a new technique for off-clamp laparoscopic evacuation of sporadic RAMLs with high RENAL scores that promotes maximal renal function maintenance and low postoperative complication and lesion recurrence rates.Design, setting, and participantsA retrospective cohort of patients undergoing off-clamp laparoscopic evacuation for sporadic RAMLs with RENAL scores ≥9 from January 2013 to June 2018 was included.Surgical procedureWe highlighted the curettage, suction, packing, and binding (CSPB) technique, a new off-clamp retroperitoneoscopic evacuation technique for sporadic RAMLs.MeasurementsDemographics, preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative outcomes were assessed.Results and limitationsA total of 141 cases were included. The median (interquartile range [IQR]) tumour size was 7 (6.2–8.2) cm. The median (IQR) RENAL score was 10 (9–11). The median (IQR) operative time was 80 (65–125) min, with a median (IQR) estimated blood loss of 130 (90–362.5) ml. Conversion to neither open surgery nor standard laparoscopy occurred. The warm ischaemia time was zero for all cases. Postoperatively, 13 minor complications (Clavien grade 1) were recorded. No blood transfusions were reported. The glomerular filtration rate did not change significantly from preoperative period to 12-mo follow-up. Recurrence did not occur at the median follow-up period of 48 (36–60) mo. The retrospective design and lack of a control group are limitations of this study.ConclusionsOff-clamp retroperitoneoscopic tumour evacuation using the CSPB technique is feasible, safe, and effective for treating complex sporadic RAMLs.Patient summaryWe report a curettage, suction, packing, and binding technique for off-clamp retroperitoneoscopic evacuation of sporadic renal angiomyolipomas that leads to complete lesion clearance, excellent renal function preservation, and minimal perioperative complications.