乙型肝炎病毒基因的整合机制及对宿主的影响

乙型肝炎病毒是导致慢性肝炎、肝纤维化、肝细胞癌的主要病因,目前认为乙型肝炎病毒基因整合在其致病机制中具有重要作用,本文试就该领域内目前研究成果做一综述．     

O等位基因引起ABO基因型与表现型定型差异

保证输血时血清学方面的安全,首要的是对受血者与献血者ABO血型定型,血清学检查通常分两个步骤.正定型通常使用鼠源单克隆抗体检测红细胞表面是否存在A或B抗原.互补的实验即反定型,利用当红细胞上缺乏A或B抗原时,人群可天然产生相对应的抗体的原理,检测血清中是否存在抗-A或者抗-B抗体.确定了受血者红细胞表面的ABO抗原以及血浆中的抗体,便能确定血型,为其提供相合的血液.     

7-(4,7-二取代香豆素-3-乙酰氨基)头孢菌素的合成

本文根据构效关系,设计并合成了17个7-(4,7-二取代香豆素-3-乙酰氨基)头孢菌素衍生物。其缩合方法采用酰氯法、Vilsmeier试剂法及混合酐法。初步体外抑菌试验表明,化合物对革兰氏阳性菌和少数革兰氏阴性菌有较强的抗菌作用。进一步药理试验尚在进行。     

Indium-111 labeled platelet deposition following transfemoral angiography

The incidence of thromboembolitic events in patients undergoing transfemoral angiography was examined using indium-111 labeled platelets. Twenty-seven patients received approximately 300 muCi of autologous labeled platelets at least 3 hours before angiography and were scanned with a gamma camera immediately before and after angiography. All patients were free of clinically obvious complications in the 1-2 day period after angiography. Our results showed evidence of platelet deposition at 21 sites other than the puncture site in 12 (44%) patients. Most platelet deposition (54%) occurred along the region between the puncture site and the aortic bifurcation; 24% occurred at sites not traversed by the catheter. At the puncture site itself, there was substantial platelet uptake in 44% of patients. This study indicates the need for further work in determining the most suitable catheter material and in assessing the efficacy of other measures such as anticoagulant or antiplatelet therapy.     

Diagnosis, complications and treatment of Takayasu's arteritis

Takayasu's arteritis is a large vessel vasculitis involving the aorta and it's major branches. Clinical diagnosis in the early stage is important as the disease may then be treatable. We present the first two cases ever reported in the Irish literature.     

O等位基因引起ABO基因型与表现型定型差异

保证输血时血清学方面的安全,首要的是对受血者与献血者ABO血型定型,血清学检查通常分两个步骤.正定型通常使用鼠源单克隆抗体检测红细胞表面是否存在A或B抗原.互补的实验即反定型,利用当红细胞上缺乏A或B抗原时,人群可天然产生相对应的抗体的原理,检测血清中是否存在抗-A或者抗-B抗体.确定了受血者红细胞表面的ABO抗原以及血浆中的抗体,便能确定血型,为其提供相合的血液.     

自体干细胞移植治疗老年心肌梗死后心力衰竭

目的：实验以移植后3个月、6个月时间超声心动图客观指标评估了自体干细胞冠状动脉内移植治疗老龄心肌梗死后心力衰竭的效果和安全性。方法：选择2004—06／2006—06江苏省苏北人民医院心内科自愿接受干细胞移植的7例心肌梗死后心力衰竭患者，平均年龄69岁，心功能Ⅲ-Ⅳ级，左室射血分数〈50％。药物治疗基础上加用自体干细胞冠状动脉内移植治疗的方法，其中2例骨髓干细胞在体外扩增后获得，5例经粒细胞集落刺激因子皮下注射动员自体骨髓干细胞后分离外周血获得干细胞悬液。将采集的干细胞悬液经0ver-the-wire球囊导管中心腔注入梗死相关动脉。观察自体干细胞动员，培养，采集和回输过程中的不良反应。在移植前、移植后3月、6月应用超声心动图评价左室形态和心功能变化，室壁运动积分指数及6min步行距离。结果：7例患者均进入结果分析。移植3个月后，心功能得到改善，超声心动图检查左室收缩期内径及射血分数变化不大，6min步行距离有所提高，但差异无显著性（P〉0．05）。移植6个月后，患者心功能明显改善，超声心动图检查左室收缩期内径及射血分数和室壁运动积分均有明显提高（P〈0．05），6min步行距离也有明显提高（P〈0．05）。整个过程中未出现严重并发症。结论：自体干细胞冠状动脉内移植治疗老龄心肌梗死后心力衰竭，6个月时超声心动图客观指标评估能够改善患者心功能，且安全。     

Effectiveness of a prospective physician self-audit transfusion- monitoring system

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to search for a more effective transfusion-monitoring system than the existing system of retrospective peer review. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: This research used a study-control, preintervention and postintervention design, to evaluate the effectiveness of a prospective physician self-audit transfusion-monitoring system that functioned without the direct involvement of transfusion service physicians. This research also evaluated the effectiveness of issuing to physicians a memo with transfusion guidelines. Three process indicators were used to assess physician behavior at various stages of the blood-ordering process: 1) the number of crossmatches ordered per admission, 2) the transfusion-to- crossmatch ratio, and 3) the number of blood units returned to the laboratory after physician self-auditing. The study used two outcome indicators to reflect overall blood utilization: 1) the percentage of patients who received red cell transfusions and 2) the number of blood units transfused per recipient each month. RESULTS: The prospective physician self-audit system implemented at the study hospital did not reverse physician transfusion decisions, and the process of issuing to physicians a memo with transfusion guidelines at the control hospital failed to reduce blood usage. However, a transient reduction in blood utilization was observed at the study hospital. CONCLUSION: The reduction was hypothesized to be due to a Hawthorne effect, in which observed behavior is affected by the subject's awareness of the research study.     

兔血管内皮细胞和诱导成骨细胞在可注射纳米材料上的共培养

目的：将可注射纳米骨材料与共培养的兔肾血管内皮细胞和兔骨髓间充质干细胞诱导的成骨细胞复合,并构建可注射细胞型纳米组织工程骨,观察它们体外培养的相容性. 方法：实验于2003-09/2004-11在苏州大学附属儿童医院完成.①实验材料：取16周龄雄性新西兰大耳白兔,体质量1.5 kg左右.②实验方法：麻醉后抽取兔骨髓,用淋巴细胞分离液分离出其中的间充质干细胞,在含体积分数为0.15牛血清的RPMI1640液中培养.骨髓间充质干细胞在条件培养基中,7 d后可见细胞变为多边形,碱性磷酸酶和Ⅰ型胶原染色阳性,形成钙结节,表现成骨细胞分化特点.采用三步梯度筛网法,获得肾血管球,5 g/L胶原酶Ⅳ37℃消化15～20 min,离心沉淀获取血管内皮细胞,在含体积分数为0.15小牛血清的M199中培养.③实验评估：免疫组织化学法进行第Ⅷ因子相关抗原鉴定,透射电镜观察细胞浆Weibel-Palade小体,间接免疫荧光法检测CD31、CD34及CD44的表达.将共培养的兔肾血管内皮细胞、成骨细胞与可注射纳米骨材料体外复合培养,进行形态学观察和功能测定. 结果：①在一定培养条件下成功诱导兔骨髓间充质干细胞向成骨细胞分化.②培养的血管内皮细胞免疫组织化学法检测第Ⅷ因子相关抗原阳性,透射电镜观察到细胞浆中的Weibel-Palade小体,间接免疫荧光法检测CD31、CD34表达阳性,CD44阴性.③共培养的兔肾血管内皮细胞、成骨细胞在可注射纳米骨材料上生长、增殖良好,细胞活性和碱性磷酸酶活性未受到影响. 结论：可注射纳米骨材料具有良好的细胞相容性,可作为骨组织工程理想的可注射载体材料.