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71.
A high incidence of postdural puncture headache (PDPH) occurs after spinal anesthesia for cesarean section. To examine this problem, a study was conducted with the recently developed 24-gauge Sprotte and 27-gauge Quincke needles in patients undergoing elective and emergency cesarean section (n = 298). The needle to be used was assigned in a random manner: group I, 27-gauge Quincke (n = 147); group II, 24-gauge Sprotte (n = 151). During the postoperative period, patients were visited daily and asked specifically about the presence and severity of headache. The overall incidence of PDPH was 2% (n = 6), five in the Quincke group (3.5%) and one in the Sprotte group (0.7%). There was no significant difference in the incidence of PDPH between the two groups. Five headaches were classified as mild, and only one was moderate to severe. All headaches resolved quickly with conservative management and without blood patch. The authors conclude that the choice between a 27-gauge Quincke and a 24-gauge Sprotte needle does not influence the incidence of PDPH after spinal anesthesia for cesarean section. 相似文献
72.
Carl L. Nelson Sandra G. Hickmon Robert A. Skinner 《Journal of orthopaedic research》1997,15(2):249-255
Osteomyelitis was induced in the radius in 77 rabbits and confirmed by histological examination and culture. At 4 weeks, the wounds were debrided and the animals were treated with (a) fatty acid dimersebacic acid beads (a bioerodable composite) impregnated with 20% or (b) 10% gentamicin sulfate, (c) placebo beads and intramuscular gentamicin sulfate. (d) placebo beads alone, or (e) debridement only. After 4 weeks, eradication of infection was determined by histological examination and culture. Osteomyelitis was eradicated in 93% of the animals treated with the beads and 20% gentamicin, in 67% of those treated with the beads arid 10% gentamicin, in 25% of those treated with placebo beads and intramuscular gentamicin, in 7% of those treated with placebo beads alone, and in 12.5% of those treated with debridement only (p values from <0.001 to 0.02). Fatty acid dimer-sehacie acid beads with gentamicin were then implanted in noninfected rabbits, and gentamicin sulfate concentrations in bone, serum, urine, and wound exudate were measured. Gentamicin sulfate was detectable in bone for as long as 8 weeks after implantation. Levels as high as 4,746 g/ml were present in the wound exudate for the first 7 days. Levels in the serum peaked at 1.03 μg/ml. Urine levels peaked at 135 μg/ml. 相似文献
73.
Sandra L Rogers Christopher L Coe Kara Hartke 《The American journal of occupational therapy》2002,56(2):191-201
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess and compare cognitive functioning in adults with unilateral hemispheric injury due to either congenital damage or an ischemic event in young adulthood. METHOD: Adults with cerebral palsy resulting from left hemispheric brain damage were compared with adults who had a unilateral stroke in either the left or the right hemisphere. Our primary interest was to determine the impact on hemispheric dominance as revealed by dichotic listening, a task that assesses the bias for preferential listening and processing of sounds. Performance also was determined on a language-related task (word finding) and a spatial task (dot localization). RESULTS: Scores on the Quick Neurological Screening Test indicated that all participants demonstrated significant neuromotor deficits, whereas scores on the Barthel Index indicated that the participants were functional in basic activities of daily living. On cognitive assessments, healthy control participants demonstrated a pronounced left-hemisphere dominance and right-ear advantage; participants with injury to the left hemisphere showed a strong shift toward a right-hemisphere and left-ear dominance. In particular, injury of congenital origin appeared to foster this neural reorganization and localization of language-related functions into the healthy hemisphere. This shift was associated with a deterioration of performance on both the language and the spatial tasks. CONCLUSION: The importance of appreciating subtle deficits after unilateral injury is important in therapy. The dichotic listening test may provide a simple and useful means for evaluating persistent unilateral brain dysfunction in the clinical setting. 相似文献
74.
One of the advantages of polyurethane foam-covered prostheses has been that in the first 5 to 10 years after their use, the
amount of capsular contraction was found much less than when similar ``slick' prostheses were used. Another advance was their
fixation to the surrounding tissue thus giving a more natural appearance and movement with the muscles when the arms were
moved in any direction. The formation of a thick capsule also acted as a protection against gel granuloma due to rupture of
the prosthesis and has been thought to be a factor in the lower capsule contraction rate. The greatest disadvantage has been
that its removal was extremely difficult and this has continued up until the technique described in this paper has been introduced. 相似文献
75.
76.
77.
Brian F O'Donnell Marcia A Wilt Ann Marie Hake Julie C Stout Sandra C Kirkwood Tatiana Foroud 《Movement disorders》2003,18(9):1027-1034
Disturbances of visual cognition, visuomotor performance, and visual memory have been described frequently in Huntington's disease (HD). Early stage visual abnormalities could contribute to these deficits. We evaluated visual processing in 20 control subjects who were non-gene carriers at risk for HD, nine presymptomatic gene-positive subjects, and eight subjects with a recent diagnosis of Huntington's disease. Visual perceptual tests of contrast sensitivity and motion discrimination were used to probe early stage visual processing. Extraocular movements were evaluated in a neurologic examination, and the Digit Symbol test was used to test visual motor performance. Contrast sensitivity did not differ among the three groups. Motion discrimination was impaired in HD subjects but not in the presymptomatic gene carriers when compared to gene noncarriers. Among gene carriers, impaired motion discrimination performance was associated with poorer Digit Symbol performance and extraocular abnormalities. These findings suggest that the early stages of HD are associated with disturbances of motion perception as well as disruptions of visual motor and ocular motor performance. 相似文献
78.
Erythromycin-Induced Immune Hemolytic Anemia 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Sandra J. Nance MS MTSBB Stephan Ladisch Timothy L. Williamson and George Garratty 《Vox sanguinis》1988,55(4):233-236
A 3-year-old female receiving Pediazole (erythromycin ethylsuccinate and sulfisoxazole) for tonsillitis and otitis media developed severe hemolytic anemia. No serum drug-dependent antibodies could be demonstrated with an in vitro 'immune-complex' method using Pediazole, pure erythromycin ethylsuccinate or pure sulfisoxazole. However, a method using red cells coated with erythromycin base showed in vitro lysis of the erythromycin-coated red cells. This is only the second case of immune hemolytic anemia associated with erythromycin and the first where in vitro drug-dependent hemolysis was demonstrable. 相似文献
79.
Sandra Guerra A Teixeira Pinto José Ribeiro José Oliveira José Duarte Jorge Mota 《Revista portuguesa de cardiologia》2003,22(2):167-182
An important aspect of preventive medicine is to identify subjects at risk as soon as possible, so preventive strategies can be introduced at early ages. The justification for this strategy is twofold: firstly, the assumption that children maintain a particular high value of a risk factor for disease throughout life; and secondly, the assumption that lowering the level of the risk factor in early life will have a greater impact on the disease than will risk factor changes in later life. In epidemiology the analysis of such factors over time is referred to as tracking. Tracking analysis has been applied to risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in pediatric years. The aims of this study were: I) to analyze the stability of biological risk factors [high blood pressure (BP), high percentage of fat mass (%FM) and high total cholesterol (TC)] and lifestyle risk factors [low physical activity index (PAI)] in isolation; and II) to analyze the stability of zero, one, two or three biological risk factors. There were two evaluations in 692 children and adolescents (325 boys and 367 girls), aged between 8 and 15 years. The quartiles, adjusted for age and gender, were the criterion used to identify subjects with biological risk factors (fourth quartile) and with lifestyle risk factors (first quartile) for CVD. The stability was calculated through the relative frequency of subjects who maintained or changed quartile between the two evaluations. There is stability for biological risk factors as well as for behavioral and/or lifestyle risk factors. However, the highest stability is seen in biological risk factors. 相似文献
80.
We describe a patient with bilateral ureteral pseudodiverticulosis of 10 years’ duration before developing transitional carcinoma of the pelvis. 相似文献