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1.
Benign intracranial hypertension and recombinant growth hormone therapy in Australia and New Zealand
PA Crock JD McKenzie AM Nicoll NJ Howard W Cutfield LK Shield G Byrne 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》1998,87(4):381-386
Benign intracranial hypertension (BIH) is reported in three children from Australia and one from New Zealand, who were being treated with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH). Three males and one female, aged between 10.5 and 14.2 y, developed intracranial hypertension within 2 weeks to 3 months of starting treatment. A national database, OZGROW, has been prospectively collecting data on all 3332 children treated with rhGH in Australia and New Zealand from January 1986 to 1996. The incidence of BIH in children treated with growth hormone (GH) is small, 1.2 per 1000 cases overall, but appears to be greater with biochemical GHD (<10IUml -1 ), i.e. 6.5/1000 (3 in 465 cases), relative risk 18.4, 95% confidence interval 1.9-176.1, than in all other children on the database. The incidence in patients with Turner's syndrome was 2.3/1000 (1 in 428 cases). No cases in patients with partial GHD (10–20 IUml -1 ) or chronic renal failure were identified. Possible causative mechanisms are discussed. The authors'practice is now to start GH replacement at less than the usual recommended dose of 14IUm-2 week-1 in those children considered to be at high risk of developing BIH. Ophthalmological evaluation is recommended for children before and during the first few months following commencement of rhGH therapy and is mandatory in the event of peripheral or facial oedema, persistent headaches, vomiting or visual symptoms. The absence of papilledema does not exclude the diagnosis. 相似文献
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The epidemiology of traumatic rupture of the thoracic aorta in children: a 13-year review 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A C Eddy V W Rusch C L Fligner D T Reay C L Rice 《The Journal of trauma》1990,30(8):989-91; discussion 991-2
Traumatic rupture of the thoracic aorta (TRA) is a rare but highly lethal injury in children that occurs as a result of car versus pedestrian accidents and motor vehicle accidents. TRA is often associated with life-threatening injuries to other organ systems. Therefore children with TRA like adults sustaining TRA must be treated urgently but systematically. The rarity of this injury makes it all the more important for physicians treating pediatric trauma victims to be cognizant of the importance of the injury and the clinical and radiographic signs. Even when TRA is promptly recognized in children it is associated with a high in-hospital mortality. The proper use of child restraint systems and adherence to the 55 M.P.H. speed limit may be important factors in reducing the mortality of TRA in children after MVA. 相似文献
5.
The effects of vasopressin on membrane potential and tension were studied in isolated segments of basilar arteries from the
University of Iowa colonies of normotensive inbred Kyoto-Wistar rats (WKY) and stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats
(SP-SHR). In the presence of vasopressin (0.01–0.3 IU/ml), basilar arteries from WKY, but not from SP-SHR, developed rhythmic
contractions. These contractions were recorded in 13 of 14 WKY basilar arteries, were unaffected by pretreatment with 6-hydroxydopamine,
and were characterized by 20–100 dyne oscillations in tension, occurring 1–3 cycles/min, and superimposed on the vasopressin-induced
contraction (averaging 60 dynes at 0.01 IU/ml or 160 dynes at 0.3 IU/ml). However, resting membrane potentials were not different
in SP-SHR vs. WKY at 37°C, and both strains showed about the same (11 mV) depolarization by 0.1 IU/ml of vasopressin. The
rhythmic contractions were enhanced by K+-free solution, and abolished in the presence of high K+ solution (30 mM), suggesting that active Na+−K+ transport may be involved in modulating the rhythmic activity. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that the
vasopressin-induced rhythmic contractions in WKY basilar arteries are at least partly dependent on a reduced activity of electrogenic
Na+−K+ active transport in WKY as compared to SP-SHR.
This research was supported by Grant Nos. HL14388 and HL16328 from the National Institutes of Health. Dr. Rusch is the recipient
of Postdoctoral Fellowship HL06907. 相似文献
6.
Description of the transcriptomes of immune response-activated hemocytes from the mosquito vectors Aedes aegypti and Armigeres subalbatus 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3 下载免费PDF全文
7.
Kathryn M. Gauthier Caiqiong Liu Aleksandra Popovic Sulayma Albarwani Nancy J. Rusch 《The Journal of physiology》2002,545(3):829-836
Recent reports have suggested that different types of Ca2+ -activated K+ channels may be selectively expressed either in the vascular endothelial cells (ECs) or smooth muscle cells (SMCs) of a single artery. In this study, we directly compared mRNA, protein and functional expression of the high-conductance Ca2+ -activated K+ (BKCa ) channel between freshly isolated ECs and SMCs from bovine coronary arteries. Fresh ECs and SMCs were enzymatically isolated, and their separation verified by immunofluorescent detection of α-actin and platelet/endothelium cell adhesion molecule (PECAM) proteins, respectively. Subsequently, studies using a sequence-specific antibody directed against the pore-forming α-subunit of the BKCa channel only detected its expression in the SMCs, whereas PECAM-positive ECs were devoid of the α-subunit protein. Additionally, multicell RT-PCR performed using cDNA derived from either SMCs or ECs only detected mRNA encoding the BKCa α-subunit in the SMCs. Finally, whole-cell recordings of outward K+ current detected a prominent iberiotoxin-sensitive BKCa current in SMCs that was absent in ECs, and the BKCa channel opener NS 1619 only enhanced K+ current in the SMCs. Thus, bovine coronary SMCs densely express BKCa channels whereas adjacent ECs in the same artery appear to lack the expression of the BKCa channel gene. These findings indicate a cell-specific distribution of Ca2+ -activated K+ channels in SMCs and ECs from a single arterial site. 相似文献
8.
In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, gene silencing at the HMR and HML loci is normally dependent on Sir2p, Sir3p, and Sir4p, which are structural components of silenced chromatin. Sir2p is a NAD+-dependent histone deacetylase required for silencing. Silencing can be restored in cells lacking Sir proteins by a dominant mutation in SUM1, which normally acts as a mitotic repressor of meiotic genes. This study found that mutant Sum1-1p, but not wild-type Sum1p, associated directly with HM loci. The origin recognition complex (ORC) was required for Sum1-1p-mediated silencing, and mutations in ORC genes reduced association of Sum1-1p with the HM loci. Sum1-1p-mediated silencing also depended on HST1, a paralog of SIR2. Both Sum1-1p and wild-type Sum1p interacted with Hst1p in coimmunoprecipitation experiments. Therefore, the SUM1-1 mutation did not change the affinity of Sum1p for Hst1p, but rather relocalized Sum1p to the HM loci. Sum1-1-Hst1p action led to hypoacetylation of the nucleosomes at HM loci. Thus, Sum1-1p and Hst1p could substitute for Sir proteins to achieve silencing through formation of a compositionally distinct type of heterochromatin. 相似文献
9.
Heelan RT Rusch VW Begg CB Panicek DM Caravelli JF Eisen C 《AJR. American journal of roentgenology》1999,172(4):1039-1047
OBJECTIVE: This article compares the accuracy of CT with that of MR imaging in staging of malignant pleural mesothelioma. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Ninety-five patients were enrolled in a prospective staging protocol based on the International Mesothelioma Interest Group staging system. Sixty-five patients underwent CT and MR imaging and a surgical procedure (excluding percutaneous needle biopsy) to stage and resect the tumor. Receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed. CT and MR scans were interpreted independently by observers who were unaware of the results of the other imaging study; these imaging findings were compared with the results of surgery and pathologic examination. RESULTS: The areas under the receiver operating characteristic curves for eight of 10 features revealed by imaging showed no statistically significant differences between CT and MR imaging. However, MR imaging was superior to CT in revealing invasion of the diaphragm (A(z) = .55 for CT versus .82 for MR imaging) and in revealing invasion of endothoracic fascia or solitary resectable foci of chest wall invasion (A(z) = .46 for CT; A(z) = .69 for MR imaging). Several anatomic regions could not be evaluated because positive findings at surgery were rare. CONCLUSION: CT and MR imaging are of nearly equivalent diagnostic accuracy in staging malignant pleural mesothelioma. MR imaging is superior to CT in revealing solitary foci of chest wall invasion and endothoracic fascia involvement and in showing diaphragmatic muscle invasion; however, this advantage does not affect surgical treatment. For cost reasons, CT should be considered the standard diagnostic study before therapy. 相似文献
10.
Homozygous deletion of CDKN2A and codeletion of the methylthioadenosine phosphorylase gene in the majority of pleural mesotheliomas. 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Peter B Illei Valerie W Rusch Maureen F Zakowski Marc Ladanyi 《Clinical cancer research》2003,9(6):2108-2113
PURPOSE: Homozygous deletions at chromosome region 9p21 targeting the CDKN2A gene have been reported as a common cytogenetic abnormality in mesothelioma. MTAP, a gene approximately 100-kb telomeric to CDKN2A, encodes methylthioadenosine phosphorylase, an enzyme essential in the salvage of cellular adenine and methionine, and its codeletion with CDKN2A has been reported in other tumors. The aim of this study was to define the prevalence of homozygous deletion of CDKN2A alone or in combination with MTAP in a large series of pleural mesothelioma. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We used a fluorescent in situ hybridization assay for CDKN2A and MTAP on interphase nuclei in imprints of frozen tissue from 95 cases of pleural mesothelioma. Histologically, the cases were classified as epithelial (71), biphasic (19) and sarcomatous (5). In each experiment, a 9p21 locus specific probe and a chromosome 9 centromeric probe were used and fluorescent in situ hybridization signals for both probes were simultaneously recorded in at least 100 nuclei. Cases were considered homozygously deleted if both 9p21 signals were lost in at least 20% of nuclei. RESULTS: Overall, 70 cases (74%) had homozygous deletion of CDKN2A. MTAP was codeleted in 64 of these cases (91%). No case with MTAP deletion without CDKN2A deletion was identified. Homozygous loss of CDKN2A was seen in 49 of 71 epithelial (70%), 16 of 19 biphasic (89%), and 5 of 5 sarcomatous (100%) mesotheliomas. CONCLUSIONS: Homozygous deletion of CDKN2A is seen in the majority of pleural mesotheliomas, and MTAP is codeleted in most of these cases. Previous cell line studies have shown that loss of MTAP renders cells dependent on de novo synthesis of purine derivatives. Thus, the particularly high prevalence of MTAP codeletion in mesothelioma makes it an ideal candidate for trials of targeted therapy using inhibitors of de novo AMP synthesis (e.g., L-alanosine). 相似文献