Receptor-interacting protein kinase-1 ablation in liver parenchymal cells promotes liver fibrosis in murine NASH without affecting other symptoms

Journal of Molecular Medicine - Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a chronic liver disease that emerged in industrialized countries, can further progress into liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and...     

Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus in Kashmiri women from the Indian subcontinent

This prospective study was carried out to determine the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Kashmiri women and to assess the effect of various demographic factors. Two thousand pregnant women (divided into groups A and B, being the first and last 1000 consecutive women) attending various antenatal clinics in six districts of Kashmir valley were screened for GDM by 1 h 50 g oral glucose challenge test. Four hundred and fourteen (20.8%) women (216 from group A and 198 from group B) had an abnormal screening test and proceeded to oral glucose tolerance testing. Women from group A had a 3 h 100 gram oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and GDM was as classified by Carpenter and Coustan. A 2 h 75 g OGTT was performed on group B subjects and WHO criteria applied for diagnosis of GDM. The overall prevalence of GDM was 3.8% (3.1% in group A versus 4.4% in group B-P-value 0.071). GDM prevalence steadily increased with age (from 1.7% in women below 25 years to 18% in women 35 years or older). GDM occurred more frequently in women who were residing in urban areas, had borne three or more children, had history of abortion(s) or GDM during previous pregnancies, had given birth to a macrosomic baby, or had a family history of diabetes mellitus. Women with obesity, hypertension, osmotic symptoms, proteinuria or hydramnios had a higher prevalence of GDM.     

Circaseptan variation in case-fatality rate for patients with acute subarachnoid hemorrhage (Takashima Stroke Registry 1988–2003)

We explored the circaseptan variation in 28-day case-fatalities for patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) across days of the week. Data were obtained from the Takashima Stroke Registry, which covers approximately 50 000 residents of central Japan. There were 169 first-ever SAH cases registered during the period 1988–2003 (68 in males, 101 in females). We divided the SAH cases into two groups according to the day on which the SAH occurred: “weekend” and “weekday”. The 28-day case-fatality rate and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to calculate the adjusted odds ratio (95% CI) for weekday fatalities by entering all relevant patient-level variables into the model. The 28-day case-fatality rate for SAH was higher on weekdays (51.7%) than on weekends (32.6%; odds ratio 2.19; 95% CI: 1.10–4.49). The differences in fatality rate persisted after adjustment for age, sex, severity, family history of stroke and patient history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, drinking and smoking. We observed a circaseptan variation in fatalities from SAH, with higher fatality rates during weekdays in our study population.