躯体症状自我筛查问卷在中国居民中的效度和信度

目的 评估躯体症状自我筛查问卷（SQSS）在中国普通居民中的效度和信度,分析功能躯 体症状检出阳性的受试者一般特征。方法 采用方便抽样法,于 2020 年 2— 3 月通过问卷星向中国居 民发送调查问卷,进行一般资料、SQSS、广泛性焦虑量表 -7（GAD-7）、9 项患者健康问卷（PHQ-9）和怀特 利指数 -7（WI-7）的施测。2 周后采用随机数字表法选取 100 名受试者进行 SQSS 的重测。采用条目得分 与量表总分的相关分析、极端组检验进行项目分析;采用探索性因素分析、验证性因素分析检验效度; 采用内部一致性 Cronbach''s α 系数、分半信度系数和重测相关系数检验信度;采用 χ2 检验、t检验比较 功能性躯体症状筛查阳性及阴性者的一般资料及临床资料。结果 共收集问卷 1 506 份,剔除无效问 卷 56 份,最终纳入 1 450 名（96.3%）受试者。SQSS 项目分析结果显示各条目得分与量表总分均呈正相关 （r=0.49～0.70,均P＜ 0.001）,量表各条目区分度分析结果显示差异均有统计学意义（t=15.337～27.862, 均P＜ 0.001）。探索性因素分析示 SQSS 可分为 4 个维度,验证性因素分析示 SQSS 的 4 因子结构模型拟 合良好,卡方 / 自由度（χ2 /df）为 5.79,拟合优度系数（GFI）为 0.94,近似误差均方根（RMSEA）为 0.06,均 方根残差（RMR）为 0.03,比较拟合指数（CFI）为 0.93,规范拟合指数（NFI）为 0.92,不规范拟合指数（NNFI） 为 0.92,Tucker-Lewis 指数（TLI）为 0.92;SQSS 的 Cronbach''s α 系数为 0.92,分半信度系数为 0.90;SQSS 总 分和 WI-7、PHQ-9、GAD-7 得分均呈正相关（r=0.67、0.68、0.61;均P＜ 0.01）。以 SQSS 29 分为划界分,功 能性躯体症状在普通居民中的检出率为 10.28%（149/1 450）。功能性躯体症状检出阳性者中女性、有精 神疾病者、有慢性躯体疾病者占比更高（χ2 =5.12、29.90、34.08;均P＜ 0.05）,检出阳性者的 SQSS、GAD- 7、PHQ-9、WI-7 得分高于阴性者（Z=20.03、14.51、13.03、15.27,均P＜ 0.001）。结论 SQSS 具有较好的 效度和信度,可用于在普通人群中进行功能性躯体症状的自我筛查。在中国普通居民中,功能性躯体 症状检出率较高。     

HIF-1α和PCNA在结直肠癌中的表达及意义

目的 探讨缺氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)和增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)在结直肠癌(CRC)组织中表达及意义.方法 采用免疫组化SP法检测64例CRC中HIF-1α和PCNA蛋白表达情况,20例正常大肠组织作对照.结果 HIF-1α蛋白在CRC中阳性表达率为51.56%,与对照组相比有显著性差异(P＜0.05),且与淋巴结转移和Dukes分期有统计学意义(P＜0.05).PCNA蛋白在CRC中阳性表达率为70.31%,与对照组比较有显著性差异(P＜0.05).HIF-1α和PCNA之间存在显著的正相关(r=0.306,P＜0.05).结论 HIF-1α在CRC的发生、发展中起重要作用,并且HIF-1α和PCNA在表达上密切相关.     

Multi‐center Retrospective Study of Factors Affecting Perioperative Transfusion of Packed Red Blood Cells for Pelvic Fracture Patients

ObjectiveTo analyze the use of packed red blood cells (PRBCs) for patients with pelvic fracture and evaluate factors associated with PRBC transfusion for patients with pelvic fracture.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study collected 551 patients with pelvic fractures from six hospitals between September 1, 2012, and June 31, 2019. The age span of patients varied from 10 to 95 years old, and they were classified into two groups based on high‐energy pelvic fractures (HE‐PFs) or low‐energy pelvic fractures (LE‐PFs). The study''s outcome was the use of PRBCs, fresh frozen plasma (FFP), and albumin. Demographic data, characteristics, laboratory tests, clinical treatment details, and clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups. Factors that were statistically associated with perioperative PRBCs in univariate analyses were included to conduct an optimal scale regression to determine the independent factors for perioperative PRBCs.ResultsA total of 551 patients were screened from six hospitals, and after inclusion and exclusion, 319 were finally included and finished the follow‐up from admission to discharge, while four patients died during hospitalization. Three hundred and nineteen patients were classified into two groups by their injury mechanisms. A total of 230/319 (72.1%) patients were classified into the HE‐PF group, and 89/319 (27.8%) patients were classified into the LE‐PF group. Patients in the HE‐PF group were transfused with 4.5 (3–8) units of PRBCs, 300 (0–600) ml of FFP, and 0 (0–30) g of albumin, while patients in the LE‐PF group were transfused with 3.5 (2–4.5) units of PRBCs, 0 (0–295) ml of FFP, and 0 (0–0) g of albumin (all P < 0.001). There were higher proportions of male patients and patients under 65 in the HE‐PF group (all P < 0.001). HE‐PF group patients were more severely injured and likely to take external fixation. The optimal scale regression revealed four significant factors associated with perioperative transfused PRBCs, which were patients on admission with hemorrhagic shock (importance = 0.283, P = 0.004), followed by fracture types identified by Tile classification (importance = 0.156, P < 0.001), hemoglobin levels below 70 g/L on admission (importance = 0.283, P = 0.004), followed by fracture types identified by Tile classification (importance = 0.156, P < 0.001), hemoglobin levels below 70 g/L on admission (importance = 0.148, P = 0.039), and methods of pelvic fixation (importance = 0.008, P = 0.026), ranked by the importance.ConclusionPatients with HE‐PFs had increased transfusions of PRBCs, FFP, and albumin, and hemorrhagic shock on admission, Tile classification, Hb levels, and stabilization methods were found to be associated with perioperative PRBCs.     

The novel infra‐pectineal buttress plates used for internal fixation of elderly quadrilateral surface involved acetabular fractures

ObjectivesIn geriatric acetabular fractures, the quadrilateral surface (QLS) was frequently involved in acetabular fracture patterns and accompanied by medial displacement. It was important to buttress the medial displaced QLS and reconstruct the congruity of the affected acetabulum. To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of the novel infra‐pectineal quadrilateral surface buttress plates for the treatment of geriatric acetabular fractures.MethodsTwenty‐three geriatric patients who were treated for acetabular fractures involving QLS with the novel infra‐pectineal buttress plates (NIBP) through a single supra‐ilioinguinal approach between January 2015 and June 2019 were retrospectively analyzed; all patients received at least 1 year''s follow‐up. All patients were aged ≥60 years old and including 18 males and five females. Radiologic and clinical outcomes of patients involved in the study were collated and analyzed according to the Matta scoring system and the Merle D''Aubigné–Postel scoring system. The functional recovery scoring was compared using q‐test.ResultsAll 23 consecutive patients had relatively satisfactory clinical treatment effectiveness. Average ages, length of incision, operation time, and intraoperative blood loss were 69.8 ± 6.1 years, 12.1 ± 2.6 cm, 166.5 ± 43.5 min, and 500 (500,700) ml, respectively. According to the Matta scoring system, 14 cases of reduction were graded as excellent, five as good, and four as fair. At the last follow‐up, the clinical outcome evaluation was excellent in 13 cases, good in seven cases, and poor in three cases with the use of the Merle D''Aubigné–Postel scoring system. The difference of modified Merle D''Aubigne‐Postel score at 3 months, 6 months and last follow up was statistically significant (F = 21.56, p < 0.05). Postoperative lateral femoral cutaneous nerve injury occurred in three patients and heterotopic ossification occurred in one patient.ConclusionsFor the treatment of geriatric acetabular fractures, the NIBP could provide stable and effective fixation to the QLS involved acetabular fractures, and related satisfactory clinical results with few complications were noted.     

Arthroscopic Management of Giant Meniscal Cysts Among Young Patients: An Average Three‐Year MRI Follow‐Up

ObjectiveTo describe an arthroscopic technique for giant meniscal cyst excision with preservation of the functional meniscus, report the short‐ and medium‐term outcomes, and assess magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for follow‐up imaging evaluations.MethodsA total of 54 consecutive patients with symptomatic meniscal cysts were admitted to the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University between 2014 and 2019. Nine patients with giant meniscus cysts (six females and three males) were included in this study. The age range of the patients was 6–34 years. All patients underwent a complete physical examination, X‐ray, Doppler ultrasound, and MRI of the knee preoperatively. After an arthroscopic diagnosis of a meniscal rupture with a giant meniscal cyst, partial meniscectomy, ablation of the cyst, and suturing of the retainable meniscus were performed. Lysholm and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores were used preoperatively and at the most recent follow‐up. Clinical outcomes were classified into four categories: excellent, good, fair, and poor. During the last visit, all patients underwent MRI to assess the recurrence of the cyst and meniscal suture healing.ResultsPreoperative MRI and arthroscopic examination revealed giant meniscal cysts combined with meniscal tears and congenital discoid meniscus, and all giant meniscal cysts occurred in the lateral meniscus. The main types of meniscal tears were horizontal and complex tears. The cysts were unicystic in one case and multicystic in eight cases. The mean size of the cysts on the MRI was 5.86 cm × 2.24 cm × 2.48 cm. The mean follow‐up periods were 37.5 (19–60) months. Clinical outcomes were excellent in six patients and good in three patients. The postoperative scores were significantly improved compared to the preoperative scores (Lysholm: 90.78 ± 4.60 vs. 54.56 ± 7.25; IKDC: 96.2 ± 3.46 vs. 61.69 ± 3.36; p <0.01). No recurrence of the cyst was indicated on the MRI, and there was good healing of the torn meniscus.ConclusionsArthroscopic cystectomy combined with the meniscus suture technique was effective to eradicate residual cyst cavities, and traffic orifices be highly recommended.     

Onyx embolization of a spinal epidural hemorrhage caused by thoracic spinal epidural arteriovenous fistula: A case report and literature review

Spinal epidural hemorrhages (SEDH) caused by spinal epidural arteriovenous fistulas (SEAVFs) are rare; thus, their specific pathogenesis has not been explained. Furthermore, the standard treatment for SEAVFs has not yet been defined. Here we report the case of a 36-year-old Chinese man who experienced acute onset chest pain and tightness. His symptoms rapidly aggravated until the lower limbs were unable to support him. Spinal magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) revealed a localized SEAVF and a secondary spinal cord lesion at the T4 level. Digital subtraction angiography (DSA) confirmed the presence of the SEDH/SEAVF at the T3–4 level with the left radicular artery feeding the fistula. Based on DSA and MRA findings, SEDH, local spinal cord infarction, and spinal venous reflux disorder were conditionally diagnosed. Using the arterial route, Onyx-34 was injected into the fistula to embolize the feeding arteries and the venous system. Angiography was performed after the microcatheter was withdrawn, and no residual fistula or anterior spinal artery was observed. The six-week follow-up MRI showed acceptable healing of the SEAVF, and the patient improved neurologically. This case suggests that endovascular treatment with Onyx-34 embolization should be considered a promising treatment strategy for this type of complicated SEAVF.     

C反应蛋白与白蛋白比值对川崎病早期丙种球蛋白抵抗的预测价值

目的 探讨C反应蛋白与白蛋白比值(CRP/ALB)对川崎病(KD)早期丙种球蛋白(IVIG)抵抗的预测价值。方法 将2020年1月至2023年6月成都医学院第一附属医院住院的118例病程≤5 d的KD患儿分为IVIG抵抗组和IVIG敏感组,分析患儿临床资料,采用多因素Logistic回归分析探究独立危险因素,ROC曲线探究CRP/ALB对KD患儿早期IVIG抵抗的预测价值。结果 IVIG抵抗组比IVIG敏感组有更高水平的白细胞计数(WBC)、CRP、CRP/ALB和更低水平的血红蛋白(HGB)。CRP/ALB升高和HGB降低是KD患儿早期IVIG抵抗的独立危险因素。CRP/ALB可预测KD患儿早期IVIG抵抗(AUC=0.664)。结论 CRP/ALB升高和HGB降低是KD患儿早期IVIG抵抗的独立危险因素,CRP/ALB可有效预测KD患儿早期IVIG抵抗。     

Primary retroperitoneal perirenal CIC rearrangement sarcoma: A case report

Primary retroperitoneal perirenal CIC rearrangement sarcoma is rare. The current case report presents a 69-year-old male patient with this pathology, including the clinical features, pathomorphology and immunohistochemistry, and CIC gene rupture detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Furthermore, the relevant literature was reviewed. Histologically, the tumor was composed of diffuse nests of small- to medium-sized juvenile round blue cells with hyperchromatic nuclei, prominent nucleoli and occasional mitotic signs. The tumor involved adipose tissue with no obvious hemorrhagic necrotic foci. Immunohistochemistry indicated scattered expression of CD99 in tumor cells. FISH examination suggested that the CIC gene was fragmented and translocated.     

A systematic review of the efficacy of donepezil hydrochloride combined with nimodipine on treating vascular dementia

Background:Vascular dementia (VaD) is a comprehensive syndrome related to the damage of cognitive function and various cerebral vascular illnesses. VaD is also generally recognized as the second most common type of dementia after Alzheimer disease, contributing to 30% of the dementia population in Asia and developing countries. The ability of donepezil hydrochloride and nimodipine had been respectively proven in improving cognitive function in vascular dementia. However, whether the combined application of both drugs contribute to better efficacy remains as a research hotspot. Studies had shown definite satisfactory result with such combination, however evidence-based evaluation of the efficacy is still lacking. Therefore, meta-analysis is employed in this study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of using donepezil hydrochloride combined with nimodipine in treating VaD to provide references for clinical treatments. The efficacy of donepezil hydrochloride combined with nimodipine on treating vascular dementia is systematically reviewed to provide evidence-based references for clinical applications.Methods:Both Chinese and English databases were searched from the start till August, 2020 for any RCT regarding the combined use of the 2 drugs in treating vascular dementia. Two investigators would later evaluate and screened out research and data based on an improved Jaded scale. Software Rev Man 5.3.0 was employed to carry out meta-analysis on clinical effificacy, mini-mental state examination (MMSE) ratings, activity of daily living (ADL) ratings, and clinical dementia scale (CDR) ratings.Results:Donepezil hydrochloride combined with nimodipine had demonstrated satisfactory efficacy on the treatment of vascular dementia. Improvements were namely spotted on MMSE scale, ADL scale, and CDR scale, with the utmost efficacy by 12 weeks after intervention.Conclusions:Donepezil hydrochloride combined with nimodipine had good efficacy in the treatment of patients with vascular dementia, mainly in terms of improving the Simple MMSE scores, the ability to use daily living scale (ADL) scores and the CDR, and the best results were obtained after 12 weeks of intervention. Such conclusion should be cautiously evaluated.     

高原地区室内空气弥散给氧对血氧饱和度和心率的影响

目的：探讨高原地区空气弥散给氧对SaO2和心率的影响。方法：在海拔4300m地区建立富氧室,第一次实验为不进入富氧室,第二次实验为进入富氧室第1天、2天、3天后,两次实验均做踏阶梯运动。首先检测富氧前及富氧后静息状态下的SaO2和心率,然后进行负荷运动实验,时间为5min,运动终止后,记录Sa02和心率（HRM）,接着连续记录第3min及第5min的恢复心率（HRR）,算得心率变化值（HRD）=HRM—HRR。结果：负荷运动终止后,第1天、2天、3天的SaO2富氧后比富氧前均有明显升高（P〈0．01）;心率富氧后比富氧前均有明显降低（P〈0．01）;3min及5min恢复心率速度富氧后比富氧前明显加快（P〈0．05）。结论：在高海拔地区建立富氧室可改善机体缺氧状况,提高劳动能力,促进高原习服。