Implant wear induces inflammation, but not osteoclastic bone resorption, in RANK(-/-) mice.

Signaling of RANK (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B) through its ligand RANKL appears critical in osteolysis associated with aseptic loosening (AL). The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of RANK in a murine osteolysis model developed in RANK knockout (RANK(-/-)) mice. Ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) debris was introduced into established air pouches on RANK(-/-) mice, followed by implantation of calvaria bone from syngeneic littermates. Wild type C57BL/6 (RANK(+/+)) mice injected with either UHMWPE or saline alone were included in this study. Pouch tissues were collected 14 days after UHMWPE inoculation for molecular and histology analysis. Results showed that UHMWPE stimulation induced strong pouch tissue inflammation in RANK(-/-) mice, as manifested by inflammatory cellular infiltration, pouch tissue proliferation, and increased gene expression of IL-1beta, TNFalpha, and RANKL. However, the UHMWPE-induced inflammation in RANK(-/-) mice was not associated with the osteoclastic bone resorption observed in RANK(+/+) mice. In RANK(+/+) mice subjected to UHMWPE stimulation, a large number of TRAP(+) cells were found on the implanted bone surface, where active osteoclastic bone resorption was observed. No TRAP(+) cells were found in UHMWPE-containing pouch tissues of RANK(-/-) mice. Consistent with the lack of osteoclastic activity shown by TRAP staining, no significant UHMWPE particle-induced bone resorption was found in RANK(-/-) mice. A well preserved bone collagen content (Van Gieson staining) and normal plateau surface contour [microcomputed tomography (microCT)] of implanted bone was observed in RANK(-/-) mice subjected to UHMWPE stimulation. In conclusion, this study provides the evidence that UHMWPE particles induce strong inflammatory responses, but not associated with osteoclastic bone resorption in RANK(-/-) mice. This indicates that RANK signaling is essential for UHMWPE particle-induced osteoclastic bone resorption, but does not participate in UHMWPE particle-induced inflammatory response.     

多奈哌齐上调海马神经元β2烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体的表达

目的观察多奈哌齐对β淀粉样蛋白25-35片断(Aβ25-35)诱导原代培养的海马神经元损伤的保护作用及神经元β2烟碱型乙酰胆碱受体(β2-nAChR)的表达。方法在不同时间及采用不同浓度多奈哌齐提前干预培养的海马神经元,之后用Aβ25-35诱导神经元损伤。采用倒置显微镜观察神经元形态学改变,以MTT法测量神经元活性变化,利用免疫荧光法观察不同浓度和不同时间多奈哌齐干预后Aβ25-35损伤神经元β2-nAChR表达情况,并用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜免疫荧光半定量法测量其平均相对荧光强度变化。结果多奈哌齐干预组可减轻Aβ25-35对神经元的损伤。多奈哌齐预处理组神经元β2-nAChR表达明显增加,其平均相对荧光强度明显高于Aβ25-35损伤组。结论多奈哌齐对Aβ25-35诱导损伤神经元的保护作用部分与β2-nAChR的上调有关。     

外剥、内扎硬化注射术治疗混和痔800例

目的观察和评价外剥、内扎硬化注射术治疗混合痔的近期疗效.方法作者采用外剥、内扎硬化注射术治疗混和痔800例.结果近期治愈788例,治愈率98.5%,好转12例,好转率1.5%.治愈天数10～21天.结论外剥、内扎硬化注射术治疗混合痔简单实用,手术时间短,术后痛苦小,伤面愈合快,并发症少,无后遗症,复发率低,是治疗混合痔的较好方法.     

变温培养对泰乐菌素发酵的影响

在泰乐菌素发酵过程中的不同阶段采用不同的培养温度,通过实验考察其对泰乐菌素发酵的影响。实验结果表明,变温培养的发酵水平要高于其它恒温培养的发酵水平。     

Falls and consequent injuries in hospitalized patients: effects of an interdisciplinary falls prevention program

Background  

Patient falls in hospitals are common and may lead to negative outcomes such as injuries, prolonged hospitalization and legal liability. Consequently, various hospital falls prevention programs have been implemented in the last decades. However, most of the programs had no sustained effects on falls reduction over extended periods of time.     

初次吸毒者与复吸者戒毒期间生活质量比较

目的:了解包头市初次吸毒者与复吸者戒毒期间的生活质量。方法:用QOL-DA2.0量表对戒毒人员的生活质量进行调查。结果:初次吸毒者与复吸者各纬度进行t检验显示躯体功能纬度(t=10.51)、心理功能纬度(t=5.94)、症状及毒副作用纬度(t=6.41)、社会功能纬度(t=10.47)和总分(t=10.48)均有统计学意义(P<0.001),表明戒毒期间初次吸毒者的生活质量高于复吸者。结论:在戒毒期间初次吸毒者的生活质量较复吸者易改善。     

丙型肝炎病毒H株包膜蛋白在昆虫细胞中的表达及意义

目的　获得丙型肝炎病毒 (HCV) H株包膜糖蛋白的重组杆状病毒 ,在昆虫细胞中稳定表达包膜糖蛋白 E1和 E2 ,并初步应用于丙型肝炎患者血清抗体的检测。方法　用 PCR方法自 HCV H株扩增出包膜蛋白 E基因 ,构建重组杆状病毒 ,并在昆虫细胞中稳定表达包膜糖蛋白 E1和 E2。免疫荧光及 Western blot方法鉴定表达产物。用表达的 E1和 E2蛋白与 35例丙型肝炎患者血清反应。结果　昆虫细胞中表达的 E蛋白呈现 3种分子大小 ,E1的相对分子量为 2 1× 10 3和 33× 10 3 ,E2的相对分子量为 6 0× 10 3。在 35份感染者血清中 ,有 4例 E1抗体阳性 ,其中 1例检出 E2抗体。在 9例 PCR检测 HCV RNA阳性而抗 HCV检测阴性的血清中 ,有 3例血清与表达的 E蛋白反应。结论　 HCV E蛋白基因可在昆虫细胞中稳定表达 ,表达的 E1和 E2蛋白可用于 HCV患者的血清学诊断     

中国汉坦病毒H82O5株G2糖蛋白基因的克隆及在真核细胞中的瞬时表达

从感染病毒乳鼠脑组织提取总RNA，采用RT－PCR和分子克隆技术将扩增到的G2糖蛋白基因插入含CMV启动子的pcDNA3.1/His质粒载体中，通过脂质体介导转染COS－7细胞，用SDS－PAGE、Western-blot及IFIA方法分别测定表达产物的相对分子量及特异性。结果证明获得正向插入的G2－pcDNA3.1/His重组表达质粒，表达产物的相对分子量为56ku，与理论预期大小一致，并且可与汉坦病毒H8205株的腹水抗体起特异反应。表明构建的G2－pcDNA3.1/His重组质粒所表达的蛋白为中国汉坦病毒株特有，能在哺乳动物细胞中表达并具有抗原性，重组质粒可应用于汉坦病毒的DNA疫苗研究。     

老年充血性心衰患者地高辛药代动力学研究

目的 :探讨老年心衰患者地高辛维持量的合理应用。　 方法 :用荧光偏振免疫分析法测定了 14例老年心衰患者血清地高辛浓度 ,并计算出药代动力学参数。　 结果 :14例老年心衰患者地高辛 t1/ 2 β,β和 Vd分别为 72 .769± 2 9.768h、0 .0 11± 0 .0 0 6h-1和 3.190± 3.30 0 L/ kg,与非老年心衰患者 ( t1/ 2 β 36.1± 2 .0 h,56.3± 12 h,β 0 .0 19± 0 .0 0 1h-1,Vd 7.37± 1.65L / kg)相比差异显著。　 结论 :老年心衰患者地高辛维持量以小量分次给药为宜 ,且更应注意个体化     

Factors influencing the variations of ejection fraction during exercise in chronic aortic regurgitation

The influence of left ventricular volume variations and regurgitant fraction variations upon left ventricular ejection fraction, during exercise was examined using equilibrium radionuclide angiography in patients suffering from aortic regurgitation. Ejection fraction (EF), regurgitant fraction (RF), end diastolic volume (EDV) and end systolic volume (ESV) variations from rest to peak exercise were determined in 44 patients suffering from chronic aortic regurgitation (AR) and in 8 healthy volunteers (C). In C, EF increased (+0.10±0.03, P<0.01) and ESV decreased significantly (-23%±12%, P<0.01) RF and EDV did not vary significantly. In AR patients, EF, EDV and ESV did not vary significantly because of important scattering of individual values. Changes in EF and ESV were inversely correlated (r=-0.79, P<0.01) and RF decreased significantly (-0.12±0.10, P<0.01). Volumes and EF changes during exercise occurred in three different ways. In a 1st subgroup of 7 patients, EF increased (+0.09±0.03, P<0.05) in conjunction with a reduction of ESV (-24%±12%, P<0.05) without a significant change in EDV. In a 2nd group of 22 patients. EF decreased (-0.04±0.07, P<0.01) in association with an increase in ESV (+17%±16%, P<0.01) and no change in EDV. In a 3rd subgroup of 15 patients, EF decreased (-0.02±0.06, P<0.01) despite a reduction in ESV (-7%±6%, P<0.01) because of a dramatic EDV decrease (-10%±6%, P<0.05). In this subgroup, changes in EF were inversely correlated with changes in ESV (r=-0.55, P<0.01) and positively related to EDV variations (r=0.42, P=0.02). EDV related to EDV variations (r=0.42, P=0.02). EDV changes were weakly, but significantly, correlated to RF decrease (r=0.39, P<0.05). We conclude that changes in left ventricular ejection fraction during exercise in patients with chronic aortic regurgitation are significantly related in some patients to changes in ventricular loading conditions as well as contractile state. Therefore, a correct interpretation of EF changes during exercise requires the simultaneous determination of changes in LV volumes.Abbreviations EDV end diastolic volume - EF ejection fraction - ESV end systolic volume - LV left ventricle - RV right ventricle