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排序方式: 共有510条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
51.
Sudden infant death syndrome and diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-poliomyelitis vaccination status 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Summary— Because diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis and poliomyelitis vaccine is routinely given during the period of highest incidence of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), we carried out a retrospective case-control study to assess whether such vaccination increased the risk of SIDS. The vaccination status of 118 SIDS and 332 control children, matched for sex, date of birth and age of the victims at death, was compared: the victims of SIDS were not significantly more often vaccinated than control children, the odds ratio was estimated at 1.9 with a 95% confidence interval from 0.9 to 3.9. There was a statistical difference between vaccination status of SIDS cases and controls aged less than three months. Nine percent of SIDS cases under 3 months had been vaccinated whereas the matched controls had not. In our study DTCP vaccination was not a risk factor for SIDS; although more of the SIDS infants less than 3 months of age had been vaccinated. This result however, concerns only one subgroup of the population studied and needs to be confirmed with another study of only SIDS infants less than 3 months of age, because DTCP vaccination was not a risk factor for SIDS when considering the total sample of the study. 相似文献
52.
AIM: To evaluate effects of tiklid and aspirin on hemostasis, antithrombogenic activity of vascular wall in patients with unstable angina (UA). MATERIAL AND METHODS: An open randomized trial enrolled 30 UA patients given tiklid (n = 16) or aspirin (n = 14). Hemostasis, platelet aggregation, antithrombogenic activity of the vascular wall were examined on the treatment day 1 and 20. The response was assessed by the number of anginal attacks, dose of nitroglycerine, data of Holter monitoring. RESULTS: Tiklid was more effective than aspirin in UA patients as it by the treatment day 20 lowered platelet aggregation more, higher elevated anticoagulation potential of the blood and vessels, and stronger activated fibrinolytic hemostasis. CONCLUSION: Compared to aspirin, tiklid is more potent antiaggregant, has greater effect on antithrombogenic properties of the vascular wall. 相似文献
53.
AIM: To examine vasoregulating endothelial activity in patients with bronchial asthma (BA) with pulmonary hypertension (PH) and free of PH. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 62 BA patients aged between 19 and 52 entered the trial. They were divided into two groups: 44 with PH and 18 free of it. The control group consisted of 35 healthy subjects. Vasoregulating activity of the vascular wall was studied by tests with reactive hyperemia (endothelium-dependent dilation) and 0.05 mg nitroglycerin (endothelium-dependent dilation). RESULTS: It was found that BA patients with PH have a dilated brachial artery, abnormal endothelium-dependent vasodilation of the brachial artery. The artery is low sensitive to shift tension. These changes in functional activity of brachial artery endothelium in BA patients with PH are associated with impaired pulmonary hemodynamics, right ventricular diastolic function. 相似文献
54.
Transfusion-related acute lung injury caused by an NB2 granulocyte- specific antibody in a patient with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
HLA and granulocyte-specific antibodies have been implicated in the production of transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI). Reported here is a case that suggests that the patient's preexisting condition may play an important role in determining whether TRALI develops upon transfusion of blood products containing anti-white cell (WBC) antibodies. A 29-year-old woman with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) underwent an uneventful 1.5-volume plasma exchange, which was followed by the transfusion of 2 red cell (RBC) units. At the end of the second RBC transfusion, the patient developed clinical signs and symptoms of noncardiogenic pulmonary edema. Serologic studies demonstrated that the serum from the second RBC donor had no HLA antibodies but did have a granulocyte-specific antibody (anti-NB2) that caused the agglutination of the recipient's granulocytes, which were NB2 positive. Serum from the donor of the first RBC unit and serum from the donors of units used in the exchange had no HLA or granulocyte-specific antibodies that reacted with the recipient's WBCs. Because the donor implicated in this reaction had a history of 21 blood donations, none of which had been associated with a transfusion reaction, we suggest that the patient's preexisting condition played a significant role in this episode of TRALI, owing to the granulocyte-specific antibody. 相似文献
55.
Mycobacterial Infections After Renal Transplantation 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
HIGGINS RM; CAHN AP; PORTER D; RICHARDSON AJ; MITCHELL RG; HOPKIN JM; MORRIS PJ 《QJM : monthly journal of the Association of Physicians》1991,78(2):145-153
Mycobacterial infections occurred in 11 of 633 (1.7 per cent)recipients of successful renal transplants. There were no casesof tuberculosis in patients receiving chemoprophylaxis, butamongst those who did not receive prophylaxis disease occurredin six of the 27 (22 per cent) high-risk patients. The majorcause of morbidity during treatment was renal allograft rejection,largely due to reduction in immunosuppressive drug therapy. 相似文献
56.
N Marsden AP Saklani M Davies TV Chandrasekaran U Khot J Beynon 《Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England》2009,91(8):W7-W8
Intussusception in adults is a rare cause of abdominal pain. Unlike its paediatric counterpart, intussusception in adults is associated with obvious pathology. We describe a case of ileocolic intussusception extending to the splenic flexure. We were able to reduce the intussusception partially and pedicle was stapled carefully. The specimen was delivered through a small incision and right hemicolectomy was performed adhering to oncological principles. We recommend laparoscopic-assisted surgery is considered for adult intussusceptions. 相似文献
57.
AP Tamhankar FAK Mazari NJ Everitt K Ravi 《Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England》2009,91(6):460-463
INTRODUCTION
Patient-directed information available on the internet is not always regulated; it may be confusing and sometimes just overwhelming. We aimed to establish the proportion of patients undergoing two common surgical procedures, who searched the internet for information about their operations and to assess the usefulness of the information they received.PATIENTS AND METHODS
A total of 105 consecutive patients undergoing elective abdominal wall hernia repair (n = 54) or laparoscopic cholecystectomy (n = 51) in a single surgical firm were included in the study. Patients were counselled about their operation in pre-operative assessment clinics and standard trust information leaflets were provided without any mention of this study. Patients were then asked to complete a questionnaire on the morning of their operation.RESULTS
All patients completed the questionnaire. Of the patients, 59% stated that they had access to the internet and 77% of these accessed the internet over 2 h a week. Of the patients with internet access, 31% used it to acquire additional information about their operations and 58% used internet search engines. Of the patients who searched the internet regarding their operations, 26% were confused and/or worried by the information they received.CONCLUSIONS
A significant proportion of patients undergoing common surgical procedures used the internet and about one-third of them specifically sought information about their operation on the internet. Such information can cause worry and confusion in patients. Our study highlights the need for regulated, comprehensible, patient information on hospital websites to which patients should be directed. 相似文献58.
AC Unger H Cabrera-Palacios AP Schulz Ch Jürgens A Paech 《European journal of medical research》2009,14(6):264-271
Introduction
At present there are no reliable non-traumatic and non-invasive methods to analyse the healing process and loosening status after total hip replacement. Therefore early as well as late loosening of prosthesis and interface component problems are difficult to be found or diagnosed at any time.Methods
In a cadaver study the potential application of Resonance Frequency Monitoring (RFM) will be evaluated as a non-invasive and non-traumatic method to monitor loosening and interface problems in hip replacement. In a 65 year old female cadaver different stability scenarios for a total hip replacement (shaft, head/modular head and cup, ESKA, Luebeck, Germany) are simulated in cemented and cement less prosthesis and then analysed with RFM. The types of stability vary from secure/press-fit to interface-shaft disruption.Results
The RFM shows in cemented as well as cement less prosthesis significant intra-individual differences in the spectral measurements with a high dynamic (20 dB difference corresponding to the factor 100 (10000%)), regarding the simulated status of stability in the prosthesis system.Conclusion
The results of the study demonstrate RFM as a highly sensitive non-invasive and non-traumatic method to support the application of RFM as a hip prosthesis monitoring procedure. The data obtained shows the possibility to use RFM for osteointegration surveillance and early detection of interface problems, but will require further evaluation in clinical and experimental studies. 相似文献59.
Aruna Srivastava BN Nagpal PL Joshi JC Paliwal AP Dash 《International journal of health geographics》2009,8(1):30
Background
In India, presently malaria shows a declining trend whereas Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) cases show an up trend. In central India, specifically, Madhya Pradesh (M.P.) a forested and tribal area, control of malaria is logistically difficult and outbreaks are frequently recorded, reasons for this being inadequate surveillance, poor reporting, a time lag in reporting to decision makers and a lack of geo referenced information to pin point the trouble spots for a timely preventive action. 相似文献60.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with an increased cardiovascular risk, which cannot be explained by conventional risk factors. Arterial rigidity is an independent cardiovascular risk factor in RA patients. The aim of the investigation was to study arterial rigidity in RA patients in the absence of classic risk factors. Arterial rigidity was measured with the arteriographer Tensioclinic (Tensiomed, Hungary) in 17 patients with the diagnosis of RA made according to American College of Rheumatologists diagnostic criteria, and 22 healthy persons without cardiovascular risk factors. Systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressure, heart rate, brachial and aortal augmentation index (AI), the time of pulse wave (PW) return from the aorta, PW velocity in the aorta (PWVA), and the square of the systolic and diastolic PW components were measured. Compared with the controls, arterial rigidity was increased in the RA patients. AI in the aorta was 25.09 +/- 12.75% vs. 17.63 +/- 10.01% in the controls (p = 0.04); AI in the brachial artery was - 17.62 +/- 30.09% and -35.22 +/- 23.6%, respectively. PWVA was much higher in the RA patients vs. the controls (8.98 +/- 1.89 m/sec and 720 +/- 1.84 m/sec, respectively). Thus, in the absence of conventional cardiovascular risk factors RA may be considered an independent risk factor of an increased arterial rigidity. 相似文献