Die Reticulosarkomatosen der Haut

Zusammenfassung Das Zellbild der Reticulosarkomatosen im weiteren Sinne (s. Gans u. Steigleder) wird analysiert. In diese Krankheitsgruppe sind alle jene Bilder eingeschlossen, die mit einer Wucherung nicht sichtbar differenzierter Bindegewebszellen einhergehen und schließlich zum Tode führen, ohne daß primär eine Stoffwechselstörung besteht.Es werden zunächst einige bekannte Beschreibungen von Bindegewebszellen miteinander in Form von Tabellen verglichen. Dann werden die Zellbeschreibungen in einer Anzahl von Einzelfällen wiederum in Form einer Tabelle gegenübergestellt.Schließlich werden 13 Fälle des eigenen Krankengutes tabellarisch wiedergegeben.Im Text wird auf eine Reihe von Kriterien bei der Beurteilung und Beschreibung von Infiltraten aufmerksam gemacht, die häufig übersehen werden, im besonderen werden Polymorphie der Infiltrate und Polymorphie der Zellen definiert und differenziert. Bei den in der Literatur niedergelegten Fällen wird die Beschreibung von Kern und Plasma zugunsten der argentophilen Fasern vernachlässigt. Die beiden ersten sind nur dann einigermaßen objektiv zu beurteilen, wenn die Vorbehandlung und die Färbung genau bekannt sind.Es wird darauf hingewiesen, daß bereits die älteren Bezeichnungen, wie sie in der ersten Auflage der Histologie von Gans niedergelegt sind, ausreichten, um alle diese Fälle zu charakterisieren.Mit 5 Textabbildungen     

Über die zusammenhänge,zwischen den exponenten in den beziehungen zwischen molekulargewicht einerseits und staudinger-index,sedimentationskoeffizient und diffusionskoeffizient andererseits

The preparation of 3.4-diaminostyrene from 1-(3′.4′-diamino-phenyl)ethanol as well as from 3.4-diamino cinnamic acid is accompanied by the formation of 3.4-diaminoethylbenzene as by-product. 3.4-Diaminostyrene is prepared without by-product by the reduction of 3-nitro-4-aminostyrene; it can be condensed to corresponding vinylheterocycles.     

Polymere aus cyclischen Dilactamen. III. Uni- und Copolymerisation von Cyclo-di-β-alanyl

Cyclo-di-β-alanyl has been polymerized in bulk at 210°C using organic acids and bases as initiators. Copolymerization experiments have been carried out with ε-caprolactam as comonomer in the temperature range 210–250°C. The equilibrium constants of the cyclodi-β-alanyl polymerization were found to be the same for the homo- and copolymerisations. The equilibrium constants of the caprolactame polymerization determined via copolymerization agrees with the equilibrium constants via homopolymerization reported in literature. The polymerization enthalpy of cyclo-di-β-alanyl was found to be ?(7.4 ± 0.27) kcal/mole, the polymerization entropy ?(13.8 ± 0.53) cal · deg^?1 · mole^?1 and the ceiling temperature 265°C.     

Age-related differences in antithrombotic therapy,success rate and in-hospital mortality in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Introduction  

This analysis examines the influence of age on antithrombotic therapy, success rate of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and in-hospital mortality in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) and elective PCI.     

Who benefits from intervention in, as opposed to screening of, overweight and obese children?

AIMS: StEP TWO is a school- and family-based intervention consisting of extra lessons, healthy nutrition and physical education for overweight and obese children in primary schools, aimed at reducing body mass index by maintenance or reduction of weight, and improving motor abilities. We analysed differences in changes in anthropometric, cardiovascular and obesity parameters between children who underwent intervention, non-participants in intervention, and controls. METHODS: Anthropometric data and waist circumference were recorded for 1678 children; body mass index and body mass index-standard deviation score were calculated. Blood pressure was measured after 5 minutes at rest. 121 overweight and obese children enrolled at 3 schools involved in programmes of intervention were invited to take part; 40 of them completed the programme from November 2003 to July 2004. Of these overweight children, 74 were invited, but did not take part. As controls, we enrolled 155 overweight and obese children from 4 other schools. RESULTS: After the programme, the children involved in intervention showed a lower increase in the body mass index (0.3 plus or minus 1.3 versus 0.7 plus or minus 1.2 kilograms per metre squared) and an approximately three times higher diminution of the body mass index-standard deviation score in comparison with their controls (-0.15 plus or minus 0.26 versus 0.05 plus or minus 0.27). Systolic blood pressure was significantly lowered by 9.5 plus or minus 19.6 millimetres of mercury in those involved in intervention, but increased in the control group by 0.5 plus or minus 16.5 millimetres of mercury. Among those invited but not participating, the increase of the body mass index (0.5 plus or minus 1.3 kilograms per metre squared) was less, and the reduction of the body mass index-standard deviation score (-0.09 plus or minus 0.31) and systolic blood pressure (-5.3 plus or minus 15.6 millimetres of mercury) was higher than in the control group. Overweight but not obese children seem to benefit from a screening examination alone. CONCLUSIONS: Early preventive measures in schools are necessary and effective for overweight and obese primary school children. The screening itself seems also to have a minor positive effect, especially for overweight children. Sustainability of the observed improvements over a longer period remains to be confirmed.     

Herz und Sport

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Contribution of endothelial progenitors and proangiogenic hematopoietic cells to vascularization of tumor and ischemic tissue

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: During the last several years, a substantial amount of evidence from animal as well as human studies has advanced our knowledge of how bone marrow derived cells contribute to neoangiogenesis. In the light of recent findings, we may have to redefine our thinking of endothelial cells as well as of perivascular mural cells. RECENT FINDINGS: Inflammatory hematopoietic cells, such as macrophages, have been shown to promote neoangiogenesis during tumor growth and wound healing. Dendritic cells, B lymphocytes, monocytes, and other immune cells have also been found to be recruited to neoangiogenic niches and to support neovessel formation. These findings have led to the concept that subsets of hematopoietic cells comprise proangiogenic cells that drive adult revascularization processes. While evidence of the importance of endothelial progenitor cells in adult vasculogenesis increased further, the role of these comobilized hematopoietic cells has been intensely studied in the last few years. SUMMARY: Angiogenic factors promote mobilization of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1-positive hematopoietic cells through matrix metalloproteinase-9 mediated release of soluble kit-ligand and recruit these proangiogenic cells to areas of hypoxia, where perivascular mural cells present stromal-derived factor 1 (CXCL-12) as an important retention signal. The same factors are possibly involved in mobilization of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2-positive endothelial precursors that may participate in neovessel formation. The complete characterization of mechanisms, mediators and signaling pathways involved in these processes will provide novel targets for both anti and proangiogenic therapeutic strategies.     

Leg impairments elicit graded and sex-specific demographic responses in the tephritid fruit fly Anastrepha ludens

This study was concerned with the impact of different levels of artificial impairment (leg amputations) on male and female survival and female reproduction in the Mexican fruit fly, Anastrepha ludens. We monitored the demographic responses in a total of 100 flies of each sex that were maintained individually in 4 × 4 × 10 cm cages and subject to 1-of-11 different leg amputations (plus intact control) including cohorts in which either one front, one middle or one rear leg was severed (3 cohorts total), in which two legs were severed in different front–middle–rear combinations (6 cohorts total), or in which the two middle and one additional leg were severed (2 cohorts total). The two main findings were that: (i) although the effects on mortality of impairments were sex-specific, no universal patterns emerged that applied to either sex; and (ii) reproduction occurred in all cohorts of impaired females. Moderately-impaired flies (e.g. amputation of a single middle leg) laid nearly as many eggs in their lifetime as did intact controls. However, severely impaired flies (i.e. 3 legs amputated) laid significantly fewer eggs.