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51.
The extent of length polymorphisms of the heterochromatic and euchromatic segment of the human Y chromosome were investigated in 15 boys with acute leukemia and were compared with 15 normal controls. A greater value of the Yh/F index in relation to controls was established (P < 0.05). The length of the euchromatic segment was also shorter in the patients than the controls (P < 0.05). 相似文献
52.
C. COSTALOS G. RUSSELL Q. AL RAHIM M. J. TARLOW D. J. LLOYD K. R. ROSS 《Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)》1985,74(3):382-385
ABSTRACT. Serial plasma glucose estimations were performed in 44 light-for-date infants and 17 infants of diabetic mothers fed 2, 3 or 4-hourly with feeds containing 10 % additional carbohydrate in the form of a glucose polymer (Caloreen). In the infants fed 2 and 3-hourly, plasma glucose was higher following the high carbohydrate feeds, particularly immediately before the next feed was due. Given 4-hourly, the high carbohydrate feed had little effect in most light-for-date infants, and in one light-for-date infant and two infants of diabetic mothers the plasma glucose was lower at the end of 4 hours than following normal formula. It is concluded that the addition of glucose polymer to feeds given 2 and 3 hourly has a potentially useful effect in neonates at risk of developing hypoglycaemia, but it cannot be used to increase the feed interval to 4 hours. 相似文献
53.
A series of 73 hypopharyngeal (Zenker's) diverticula is reported and the choice of treatment and technique of excision are discussed. The problems of excision include operation on an infected site with limited access but few patients are unfit for the procedure. Preoperatively the sac should be packed and the oesophagus stented. The side of approach is unimportant as the condition is essentially midline. Cricopharyngeal myotomy appears to reduce the recurrence rate, possibly by improving coordination of pharyngeal contraction and upper oesophageal relaxation. The use of electrocoagulation is not recommended as 20% of patients require repeated general anaesthesia and the procedure fails in 13%. For all but the smallest pouches, excision is the treatment of choice. 相似文献
54.
55.
In our previous studies using gene gun-mediated delivery of interleukin 12 (IL-12) cDNA in vivo, we observed T-cell-mediated regression of established murine tumors and demonstrated the induction of systemic immunity in test animals. In this study, we further characterized the antitumoral and anti-metastatic effect of this gene therapy approach by employing two murine metastatic mammary tumor models: the immunogenic TS/A adenocarcinoma and the weakly immunogenic 4T1 adenocarcinoma. In the TS/A model, gene transfer into the skin overlying an established intradermal tumor with an IL-12 cDNA expression vector resulted in complete tumor regression in 50% of mice followed by the development of immunological memory. In contrast, the growth of the intradermal 4T1 tumors was not affected by the IL-12 gene therapy protocol. However, this treatment resulted in a substantial reduction of spontaneous metastases in the lungs of 4T1 tumor-bearing mice and significantly prolonged their survival time. T cells were not required for this anti-metastatic effect, because it was also observed in nude mice and in mice depleted of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. Tumor-draining lymph node cells obtained from 4T1 tumor-bearing mice treated with IL-12 cDNA exhibited increased natural killer (NK) activity and produced enhanced levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) compared with similar mice treated with luciferase cDNA. In addition, in vivo depletion of NK cells or neutralization of IFN-gamma resulted in partial suppression of the anti-metastatic effect of IL-12 gene therapy, suggesting the involvement of both NK cells and IFN-gamma in this effect. 相似文献
56.
57.
Background
BCG vaccine is considered to have immunoprophylactic potential in leprosy. However controversy exists about the extent of prophylaxis it provides. In view of this, a study was undertaken to see the evolution of disease in established cases of leprosy who were already vaccinated with BCG and to compare it with the cases of leprosy who were not vaccinated with BCG.Methods
114 newly diagnosed cases of leprosy were studied. Patients were divided into two groups-BCG vaccinated and non-vaccinated. Clinical diagnosis of leprosy was confirmed by bacteriological and histopathological studies in each case. All patients were given standard anti leprosy treatment and were evaluated monthly for a minimum period of one year.Results
All the cases were males in the age group of 20 to 50 years. 25.4% of cases had received BCG vaccine and 74.6% were not vaccinated for the same. No significant difference was observed in the incidence of different types of leprosy in vaccinated and non-vaccinated groups. 25.9% cases in non-vaccinated group developed lepra reaction as compared to 13.8% in vaccinated group. The incidence of deformities and disabilities in vaccinated group was only 10.3% as against 18.8% in non-vaccinated group. The rate of bacillary clearance appeared faster in vaccinated group.Conclusions
Although there is no significant difference in the pattern of different types of leprosy in BCG vaccinated and non-vaccinated cases, there is reduction in the incidence of reactions as well as deformities and disabilities in BCG vaccinated cases as compared to non-vaccinated cases.Key Words: BCG Vaccine, Leprosy 相似文献58.
Tu'meh SS; Tracy DA; Wynne J; Konstam MA; Kozlowski JF; Neumann AL; Holman BL 《Radiology》1982,145(2):463-466
The authors describe a simple technique for diagnosis of tricuspid regurgitation. Red blood cells were labeled in vivo with 99mTc and 22 patients were studied with ECG-gated blood-pool imaging of the liver. A single region of interest was manually drawn around the liver and a time-activity curve obtained. The per cent change in liver counts during the cardiac cycle was found to be significantly higher in the 12 patients with tricuspid regurgitation (Group I) (mean, 4.04 +/- 1.6%; range, 1.3-21.4%) compared with the 10 controls (Group II) (mean, 0.35 +/- 0.16%; range, 0.013-1.3%) (p less than 0.05). Using a 1% change in liver counts as the criterion of a positive study, all 12 cases in Group I were diagnosed correctly, but there was one false positive in Group II; thus the sensitivity was 100% and the specificity 90%. 相似文献
59.
Differential CT diagnosis of extruded nucleus pulposus 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
60.
Rakhmilevich AL Timmins JG Janssen K Pohlmann EL Sheehy MJ Yang NS 《Journal of immunotherapy (Hagerstown, Md. : 1997)》1999,22(2):135-144
Using three murine tumor models, we compared the antitumor efficacy and certain physiological effects of an in vivo interleukin-12 (IL-12) gene therapy protocol and a systemic IL-12 protein therapy protocol. An IL-12 cDNA gene construct was administered in situ into skin tissue via gene gun delivery, and recombinant IL-12 protein was administered subcutaneously at a dose of 1 microgram/mouse/treatment. Both treatment regimes induced a comparable level of regression of established intradermal MethA sarcomas. In B16 melanoma and P815 mastocytoma models, antitumor efficacy of IL-12 protein therapy appeared to be slightly higher than that of IL-12 gene therapy; however, the protein therapy protocol in this comparative study resulted in a high level of mortality of mice. It was also demonstrated that IL-12 gene therapy, in contrast to the IL-12 protein therapy, was not associated with weight loss, splenomegaly, increased Ly6 antigen expression in the spleen, or visible signs of toxicity, such as fur ruffling and lethargy. Moreover, serum levels of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) induced in response to IL-12 gene therapy were 300-1000 times lower than those induced by the systemic IL-12 protein administration. Together, these results suggest that gene gunmediated in vivo delivery of IL-12 cDNA may be considered as a safer alternative to IL-12 protein therapy for certain human cancers. 相似文献