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31.
32.
Endothelin B receptor agonist,IRL 1620, enhances the anti-tumor efficacy
of paclitaxel in breast tumor rats 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Summary Pharmacological agents that increase tumor blood flow could be utilized to promote the delivery of anti-cancer drugs. We have
demonstrated that administration of endothelin-1 (ET-1) to breast tumor bearing rats transiently increased tumor blood flow
by stimulating endothelin B (ETB) receptors. The present study evaluated the effect of ETB receptor agonist, IRL 1620, on breast tumor perfusion, concentration of [3H]paclitaxel in tumor and tissues, and efficacy of paclitaxel in N-methyl nitrosourea induced breast tumor bearing rats. Administration of IRL 1620 (3 and 9 nmol/kg) significantly increased
(203 and 140%, respectively) breast tumor perfusion. BQ 788, an ETB receptor antagonist, pretreatment completely abolished IRL 1620 induced increase in tumor perfusion. Tumor [3H]paclitaxel concentration was increased by 308% when [3H]paclitaxel was administered 15 min after IRL 1620 (3 nmol/kg) compared to vehicle treated rats. However, IRL 1620 did not
increase [3H]paclitaxel concentrations in other organs. Efficacy study showed that paclitaxel (5 mg/kg) administration on every third
day for a total of five doses produced 60.0, 4.5 and 0% reduction in tumor volume, tumor progression and complete tumor remission,
respectively, compared to saline treated rats. However, paclitaxel (5 mg/kg) when administered 15 min after IRL 1620 (3 nmol/kg)
produced 268.9, 210.3 and 20% reduction in tumor volume, tumor progression and complete remission of tumors, respectively,
compared to saline treated rats. In conclusion, IRL 1620 significantly enhanced delivery and effectiveness of paclitaxel in
an animal model of breast cancer. 相似文献
33.
SA Pungavkar MA Lawande DP Patkar NV Agrawal S Gadani 《Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology》2005,49(6):489-492
Optic nerve glioma is the most common primary neoplasm of the optic nerve in childhood. It can extend intracranially along the optic pathway (optic pathway glioma). The lesion tends to present with decreased visual acuity in the affected eye, but can cause additional symptoms when it is large. Local involvement within the orbit can be characterized using CT, but MRI is superior in showing the intracranial extent of the lesion. Intracranial calcification in optic pathway glioma is rare. We present a rare case of optic pathway glioma with calcification in the intracranial component. Also, we describe MR spectroscopy (MRS) findings in this case. 相似文献
34.
35.
Autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa and cone-rod dystrophy caused by splice site mutations in the Stargardt's disease gene ABCR 总被引:12,自引:2,他引:12
Cremers FP; van de Pol DJ; van Driel M; den Hollander AI; van Haren FJ; Knoers NV; Tijmes N; Bergen AA; Rohrschneider K; Blankenagel A; Pinckers AJ; Deutman AF; Hoyng CB 《Human molecular genetics》1998,7(3):355-362
Ophthalmological and molecular genetic studies were performed in a
consanguineous family with individuals showing either retinitis pigmentosa
(RP) or cone-rod dystrophy (CRD). Assuming pseudodominant (recessive)
inheritance of allelic defects, linkage analysis positioned the causal gene
at 1p21-p13 (lod score 4.22), a genomic segment known to harbor the ABCR
gene involved in Stargardt's disease (STGD) and age- related macular
degeneration (AMD). We completed the exon-intron structure of the ABCR gene
and detected a severe homozygous 5[prime] splice site mutation,
IVS30+1G->T, in the four RP patients. The five CRD patients in this
family are compound heterozygotes for the IVS30+1G- >T mutation and a
5[prime] splice site mutation in intron 40 (IVS40+5G- >A). Both splice
site mutations were found heterozygously in two unrelated STGD patients,
but not in 100 control individuals. In these patients the second mutation
was either a missense mutation or unknown. Since thus far no STGD patients
have been reported to carry two ABCR null alleles and taking into account
that the RP phenotype is more severe than the STGD phenotype, we
hypothesize that the intron 30 splice site mutation represents a true null
allele. Since the intron 30 mutation is found heterozygously in the CRD
patients, the IVS40+5G->A mutation probably renders the exon 40 5[prime]
splice site partially functional. These results show that mutations in the
ABCR gene not only result in STGD and AMD, but can also cause autosomal
recessive RP and CRD. Since the heterozygote frequency for ABCR mutations
is estimated at 0.02, mutations in ABCR might be an important cause of
autosomal recessive and sporadic forms of RP and CRD.
相似文献
36.
Organization, expression and polymorphism of the human persyn gene 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
Ninkina NN; Alimova-Kost MV; Paterson JW; Delaney L; Cohen BB; Imreh S; Gnuchev NV; Davies AM; Buchman VL 《Human molecular genetics》1998,7(9):1417-1424
Persyn is a recently identified member of the synuclein family with a
distinct pattern of expression during pre- and postnatal development of the
mouse peripheral and central nervous systems. As with other synucleins,
persyn is believed to be involved in the pathogenesis of human
neurodegenerative diseases. However, in contrast to other synucleins, high
levels of persyn mRNA expression were also found in advanced breast
carcinomas, suggesting an involvement of the encoded protein in breast
tumour progression. Here we have used an antibody specific to human persyn
to demonstrate that the level of this protein is increased in ageing
cerebral cortex and in breast tumours. We cloned, characterized and
sequenced the human persyn genomic locus and localized it to the long arm
of chromosome 10 in the q23.2-q23.3 region. Sequence information was used
to search for specific mutations in the protein coding regions of persyn
mRNA and the persyn gene in breast tumours and tumour cell lines. No
tumour-specific mutations were found, but two linked polymorphisms in the
coding region were detected, both in mRNA and exons III and IV of the gene.
These results suggest that development of breast tumours correlates with
overexpression of the wild-type persyn protein. Detailed characterization
of the human persyn locus is important for further studies of the
involvement of persyn in neurodegeneration and malignancy.
相似文献
37.
Androgen receptor mutations in androgen-independent prostate cancer: Cancer and Leukemia Group B Study 9663. 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
38.
39.
40.
Rajeshkumar Bhalodia Michael Allon Alan M. Hawxby Ivan D. Maya 《Seminars in dialysis》2011,24(3):355-357
Non‐maturation is a common problem in patients receiving an arteriovenous fistula. The first vascular access choice is a distal radiocephalic fistula (dRCF) at the wrist. Patients with a failed dRCF or with vessels unsuitable for dRCF, the recommendation is to place a brachiocephalic fistula in the upper arm. Proximal forearm radiocephalic fistulas (pRCF) are created infrequently, but may permit a second forearm fistula before proceeding to the upper arm. The goal of the present study was to compare the outcomes of them. We retrospectively analyzed a computerized access database to compare the outcomes of 19 RCF and 39 dRCF placed during a 6‐month period. The baseline characteristics were similar, except those with a pRCF were more likely to have previous access and be male. Primary failure (non‐maturation) was lower for pRCF than dRCF (32 vs. 59%, p = 0.05); and excluding secondary failures, cumulative fistula survival was similar (92 vs. 86% at 1 year and 74 vs. 76% at 2 years, p = 0.56). pRCF may be an attractive alternative to a brachiocephalic fistula in patients who cannot receive a dRCF. pRCF has a lower non‐maturation rate than that of a dRCF, and a comparable cumulative survival once it is used successfully for dialysis. 相似文献