在百年学会的关怀下，临床解剖学健康成长

“东风露消息,万物有精神”。今年8月,将在北京召开,中国解剖学会百年庆典暨第36届学术年会,值此百年庆典来临之际,让我们了解一下在学会的关怀和关注下,走过坎坷不平道路的临床解剖学成长过程。1983年,学术期刊《临床应用解剖学杂志》创刊,为半年刊。办刊宗旨是为了加强解剖学基础理论研究与临床实践工作紧密结合。1984年,《临床应用解剖学杂志》由半年刊改为季刊。1988年,《临床应用解剖学杂志》更名为《中国临床解剖学杂志》。2002年,《中国临床解剖学杂志》由季刊改为双月刊。     

Epidemiological,Clinical, Radiological Characteristics and Outcomes of Medical Staff with COVID-19 in Wuhan,China: Analysis of 101 Cases

Objectives: As of 11 Feb 2020, a total of 1,716 medical staff infected with laboratory-confirmed the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) in China had been reported. The predominant cause of the infection among medical staff remains unclear. We sought to explore the epidemiological, clinical characteristics and prognosis of infected medical staff.Methods: Medical staff who infected with SARS-Cov-2 and admitted to Union Hospital, Wuhan between 16 Jan to 25 Feb, 2020 were included in this single-centered, retrospective study. Data were compared by occupation and analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression methods.Results: A total of 101 medical staff (32 males and 69 females; median age: 33) were included in this study and 74.3% were nurses. A small proportion of the cohort had contact with specimens (3%) as well as patients infected with SARS-Cov-2 in fever clinics (15%) and isolation wards (3%). 80% of medical staff showed abnormal IL-6 levels and 33% had lymphocytopenia. Chest CT mainly manifested as bilateral (62%), septal/subpleural (77%) and groundglass opacities (48%). The major differences between doctors and nurses manifested in laboratory indicators. As of the last observed date, no patient was transferred to intensive care unit or died. Fever (HR=0.57; 95% CI 0.36-0.90) and IL-6 levels greater than 2.9 pg/ml (HR=0.50; 95% CI 0.30-0.86) were unfavorable factors for discharge.Conclusions: Our findings suggested that the infection of medical staff mainly occurred at the early stages of SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in Wuhan, and only a small proportion of infection had an exact mode. Meanwhile, medical staff infected with COVID-19 have relatively milder symptoms and favorable clinical course than ordinary patients, which may be partly due to their medical expertise, younger age and less underlying diseases. The potential risk factors of fever and IL-6 levels greater than 2.9 pg/ml could help to identify medical staff with poor prognosis at an early stage.     

大学生言语能力及职业成就的刻板解释偏差

目的考察大学生对言语能力及其职业成就是否存在内隐性别刻板印象。方法运用两个SEB实验设计对85名大学生进行团体施测。结果①1-SEB1与0存在极显著差异(t=3.531,P<0.001),2-SEB1与0存在显著差异(t=-1.979,P<0.05),2-SEB2与0存在显著差异(t=-3.211,P<0.01);②在职业成就上,主语性别和成败表现对被试归因倾向的交互作用显著(F=34.828,P<0.01)。结论大学生具有"女性言语能力很强,但男性言语能力不一定很弱"及"男性在言语能力要求高的职业上成就大于女性"的内隐性别刻板印象。即使在承认女性言语能力很强的基础上,仍存在女性职业成就不如男性的内隐性别刻板观念。     

DNA adsorption on nanoscale zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 enabling rational design of a DNA-based nanoprobe for gene detection and regulation in living cells

DNA functionalized nanomaterials have attracted tremendous attention for bioanalytical applications. Owing to exceptional fluorescence quenching ability, most DNA-based nanoprobes were designed with turn-on signals for target gene detection, while only a few of them could simultaneously achieve gene detection and regulation in one system. In this study, we explored the use of nanoscale zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) as a building block to construct a DNA-based nanoprobe. We found ZIF-8 could stably adsorb DNA to resist the dissociation by various biological ligands, enabling potential biological applications. However, ZIF-8 was not a nano-quencher to turn off the fluorophore labeling on the adsorbed DNA. We therefore designed a DNAzyme embedded molecular beacon (DMB) to functionalize ZIF-8. After endocytosis, ZIF-8 was disintegrated to release DMB for target mRNA detection, and the co-released Zn²⁺ acted as an effective cofactor to activate the embedded DNAzyme for mRNA regulation. This study provides a versatile nano-platform to realize multiple functions inside cells by using functional nucleic acids, which holds great promise for theranostic applications.

Boosting DNA-based nanotheranostics for gene detection and regulation by ZIF-8.     

静息态低频振幅异常对精神分裂症患者识别研究

目的 运用静息态功能磁共振成像(resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging,rs-fMRI)技术中的低频振幅(amplitude of low frequency fluctuation,ALFF)指标来探讨精神分裂症患者的大脑功能改变,并研究其能否作为潜在的生物学标记.材料与方法 纳入72名精神分裂症患者及75名健康对照,分析两组间存在的ALFF差异.通过提取两组间差异脑区的信号作为特征,使用支持向量机探究精神分裂症的神经生物标记.结果 精神分裂症的患者右侧梭状回、左侧颞下回、左侧内侧额上回ALFF增高(GRF校正,体素水平P<0.001,簇水平P<0.05);左侧丘脑、右侧中央后回ALFF降低(GRF校正,体素水平P<0.001,簇水平P<0.05).两组间ALFF存在差异的脑区可有效识别精神分裂症患者.结论 精神分裂症患者与健康对照相比存在自发脑活动的异常,且该异常可作为识别精神分裂症的有效生物标记.     

静脉联合鞘内或脑室内注射多黏菌素对多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌#br# 颅内感染疗效及安全性Meta分析

目的 系统评价多黏菌素静脉联合鞘内或脑室内注射对多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌的疗效及安全性。方法 计算机检索PubMed、Embase、CNKI、VIP、万方数据库等数据库,检索时间为建库至2019年6月,筛选有关多黏菌素静脉联合鞘内或脑室内给药治疗多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌感染的文献,采用RevMan 5.3软件对提取的数据进行Meta分析。结果 纳入7篇文献、178例患者。Meta分析结果显示,静脉联合鞘内或脑室内组的临床死亡率(OR=0.18, 95%CI：0.09~0.37, P＜0.00001)低于静脉组、细菌清除率(OR=20.40, 95%CI：5.94~70.12, P＜0.00001)高于静脉组;两组不良反应发生率无统计学差异(OR=0.60, 95%CI: 0.16~2.23, P=0.44)。结论 多黏菌素静脉联合鞘内或脑室内给药治疗多重耐药鲍曼不动杆菌颅内感染疗效优于静脉滴注,安全性无显著差异。     

西妥昔单抗联合IMRT同步化疗治疗晚期鼻咽癌的疗效观察

目的 观察西妥昔单抗联合调强适形放疗(IMRT)同步顺铂化疗治疗晚期鼻咽癌的临床疗效及不良反应.方法 选取2010年1月～2013年1月我科收治的64例晚期鼻咽癌患者随机分为实验组和对照组,每组32例.实试组给予西妥昔单抗联合适形放疗同步顺铂化疗,对照组给予适形放疗同步顺铂化疗,观察比较两组的临床疗效及不良反应.结果 治疗后近期疗效,室验组和对照组的总有效率分别为90.6％和68.8％,疾病控制率分别为100.0％和81.3％;远期疗效,实验组和对照组的总有效率分别为78.1％和53.1％,疾病控制率分别为96.9％和75.0％.实验组的近、远期疗效均优于对照组(P＜0.05),两组不良反应发生情况未见明显差异(P＞0.05).结论 西妥昔单抗联合适形放疗同步顺铂化疗治疗晚期鼻咽癌具有较好的临床疗效和安全性,值得临床推广.     

Strontium fructose 1, 6‐diphosphate alleviate cyclophosphamide‐induced oligozoospermia by improving antioxidant and inhibiting testicular apoptosis via FAS/FASL pathway

This study investigated the treatment effects of a new compound, strontium fructose 1, 6‐diphosphate (FDP‐Sr), in cyclophosphamide (CP)‐induced oligozoospermia. FDP‐Sr, with extra high‐energy supply, could reverse male hypogonadism in the testis. Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group (vehicle treated), CP group and CP + FDP‐Sr group. Both CP group and CP + FDP‐Sr groups were orally administered CP (20 mg kg^?1) consecutively for the first 7 days to establish CP‐induced testicular toxic models. Subsequently, CP group was given orally distilled water per day, whereas CP + FDP‐Sr group was received FDP‐Sr (200 mg kg^?1) for 49 days. Compared to the CP group, the FDP‐Sr group showed significantly increased levels of serum testosterone, testis relative weights and epididymal sperm counts in rats. In addition, rats treated by FDP‐Sr showed the recuperative activities of testicular marker enzymes and normalised levels of antioxidants in tissue. Testicular protection of FDP‐Sr was further demonstrated by enhancing expression of P450scc, reducing ability of FAS/FASL and generating cytoprotection in the histopathological study. FDP‐Sr appeared to possess an ability to attenuate CP‐induced reproduction toxicity via the activation of antioxidants and steroidogenesis enzymes, and alleviate oligozoospermia via inhibition of testicular apoptosis by FAS/FASL pathway.