Adaptive Order WENO Reconstructions for the Semi-Lagrangian Finite Difference Scheme for Advection Problem

We present a new conservative semi-Lagrangian finite difference weighted essentially non-oscillatory scheme with adaptive order. This is an extension of the conservative semi-Lagrangian (SL) finite difference WENO scheme in [Qiu and Shu, JCP, 230 (4) (2011), pp. 863-889], in which linear weights in SL WENO framework were shown not to exist for variable coefficient problems. Hence, the order of accuracy is not optimal from reconstruction stencils. In this paper, we incorporate a recent WENO adaptive order (AO) technique [Balsara et al., JCP, 326 (2016), pp. 780-804] to the SL WENO framework. The new scheme can achieve an optimal high order of accuracy, while maintaining the properties of mass conservation and non-oscillatory capture of solutions from the original SL WENO. The positivity-preserving limiter is further applied to ensure the positivity of solutions. Finally, the scheme is applied to high dimensional problems by a fourth-order dimensional splitting. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the new scheme by extensive numerical tests on linear advection equations, the Vlasov-Poisson system, the guiding center Vlasov model as well as the incompressible Euler equations.     

Mutation profile and its correlation with clinicopathology in Chinese hepatocellular carcinoma patients

BackgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer worldwide. Although many studies have focused on oncogene characteristics, the genomic landscape of Chinese HCC patients has not been fully clarified.MethodsA total of 165 HCC patients, including 146 males and 19 females, were enrolled. The median age was 55 years (range, 27–78 years). Corresponding clinical and pathological information was collected for further analysis. A total of 168 tumor tissues from these patients were selected for next-generation sequencing (NGS)-based 450 panel gene sequencing. Genomic alterations including single nucleotide variations (SNV), short and long insertions and deletions (InDels), copy number variations, and gene rearrangements were analyzed. Tumor mutational burden (TMB) was measured by an algorithm developed in-house. The top quartile of HCC was classified as TMB high.ResultsA total of 1,004 genomic alterations were detected from 258 genes in 168 HCC tissues. TMB values were identified in 160 HCC specimens, with a median TMB of 5.4 Muts/Mb (range, 0–28.4 Muts/Mb) and a 75% TMB of 7.7 Muts/Mb. The most commonly mutated genes were TP53, TERT, CTNNB1, AXIN1, RB1, TSC2, CCND1, ARID1A, and FGF19. SNV was the most common mutation type and C:G>T:A and guanine transformation were the most common SNVs. Compared to wild-type patients, the proportion of Edmondson grade III–IV and microvascular invasion was significantly higher in TP53 mutated patients (P<0.05). The proportion of tumors invading the hepatic capsule was significantly higher in TERT mutated patients (P<0.05). The proportion of Edmondson grade I-II, alpha fetoprotein (AFP) <25 µmg/L, and those without a history of hepatitis B was significantly higher in CTNNB1 mutated patients (P<0.05). CTNNB1 mutations were associated with TMB high in HCC patients (P<0.05). Based on correlation analysis, the mutation of TP53 was independently correlated with microvascular invasion (P=0.002, OR =3.096) and Edmondson grade III–IV (P=0.008, OR =2.613). The mutation of TERT was independently correlated with tumor invasion of the liver capsule (P=0.001, OR =3.030), and the mutation of CTNNB1 was independently correlated with AFP (<25 µmg/L) (P=0.009, OR =3.414).ConclusionsThe most frequently mutated genes of HCC patients in China were TP53, TERT, and CTNNB1, which mainly lead to the occurrence and development of HCC by regulating the P53 pathway, Wnt pathway, and telomere repair pathway. There were more patients with microvascular invasion and Edmondson III–IV grade in TP53 mutated patients and more patients with hepatic capsule invasion in TERT mutated patients, while in CTNNB1 mutated patients, there were more patients with Edmondson I–II grade, AFP <25 µmg/L, and a non-hepatitis B background. Also, the TMB values were significantly higher in CTNNB1 mutated patients than in wild type patients.     

溶胶-凝胶法制备纳米羟基磷灰石粉体的研究进展

目的 利用溶胶凝胶法制备纳米羟基磷灰石粉体的方法进行研究。方法综述了溶胶凝胶法的基本原理和分类，介绍了制备纳米羟基磷灰石粉体采用的溶胶-凝胶方法，提出了相关待解决的问题。结果溶胶-凝胶法的研究已取得一定的进展。结论利用该方法有望制备出形状可控、粒度均匀的纳米羟基磷灰石粉体。     

骨纤维结构不良和骨化性纤维瘤的组织病理及免疫组化研究

对140例骨纤维结构不良和70例骨化性纤维瘤的临床资料及组织病理进行了复习,其中对近期病例中各15例的组织。作了6种有关的免疫组化染色进行观察。本文对骨纤维结构不良和骨化性纤维瘤的诊断、鉴别诊断及其病变的性质进行了讨论。还对6种免疫组化染色在显示某些组织成分,特别对骨连结蛋白在显示骨母细胞及新生骨质的意义作了探讨。     

血吸虫病兔肠系膜上动脉夹闭休克时内脏超氧化物歧化酶的变化

本实验在血吸虫病兔肠系膜上动脉夹闭休克(SMAO)模型上,测定内脏SOD活力(n=10),并与正常兔合并SMAO组(n=7)和假手术组(n=6)对照。旨在探讨自由基反应及肝脏在多器官功能衰竭(MOF)中的作用。病理检查提示,血吸虫病兔合并SMAO组内脏有明显损伤。SOD活力测定:血吸虫病兔与正常兔合并SMAO时内脏SOD明显低于假手术组(P<0.01)。血吸虫病兔合并SMAO组肝、肺、胃SOD明显低于正常兔合并SMAO组,分别为2541/2993、1235/1656、1072/1578,(P<0.01),肾无显著性差异(1500/1558)。本研究表明,自由基反应是休克并发MOF的原因之一,合并有血吸虫肝病时更易发生MOF。     

知识模式转换在医学科技创新中的作用

医学科技创新是医院赖以生存与发展的动力,医学科技创新的过程也是医学知识模式不断转换的过程,本文从知识模式转换的视角,探讨知识管理对医学科技创新的意义与作用     

日本血吸虫单克隆抗独特型抗体NP30诱导保护性免疫

作者应用正交设计观察了单克隆抗独特型抗体NP30主动免疫诱导的保护性免疫力。对照组接种SP2/0 腹水。实验结果表明,根据不同的免疫方案,NP30主动免疫可产生22.36％～50.46％的减虫率,并确定了最优化免疫方案。本文提示NP30主动免疫对尾蚴攻击可产生一定的保护力,具有血吸虫疫苗候选分子的潜能。     

骨髓浆细胞酸性磷酸酶积分用于多发性骨髓瘤病情的监测

对３６例多发性骨髓瘤（ＭＭ）患者骨髓涂片，行酸性磷酸酶（ＡＣＰ）染色。结果发现ＭＭ组的骨髓浆细胞ＡＣＰ积分明显高于对照组。ＭＭ组初诊时、缓解期和复发期４６人次检测结果表明，成ＭＭ病程中ＡＣＰ积分病情变化而变化，缓解期的较初诊时降低，复发期的又复增高。这种变化有时较骨髓浆细胞比例的变化与病情的关系更为密切，提示ＡＣＰ积分可作为ＭＭ病情监测的指标。     

重组人内皮抑素腺病毒抗肿瘤实验研究

目的肿瘤生长具有血管依赖性。内皮抑素为胶原X羧基末端裂解片段,是重要的内源性血管抑制因子。实验中利用重组人内皮抑素腺病毒(recombinanthumanendostatinadenorirus,Ad-hEndo)在肿瘤局部给药以探索其抗血管基因治疗的可行性。方法以Ad-hEndo感染体外培养肿瘤细胞,观察重组蛋白表达及其对培养的血管内皮细胞的抑制效应;在裸鼠A549肺癌模型中瘤内注射重组病毒,观察肿瘤抑制效应、剂量依从效应和毒副反应。结果不同感染复数的Ad-hEndo感染肿瘤细胞均表达重组内皮抑素蛋白,并能抑制血管内皮细胞的生长。动物实验中Ad-hEndo治疗组肿瘤体积及肺转移结节数明显低于对照组,且转移数与治疗剂量负相关。结论以腺病毒为载体的肿瘤局部血管基因治疗能抑制肿瘤新生血管形成进而有效抑制肿瘤生长和转移,其效应具有剂量依从性。     

妊娠合并多诱因顽固性代谢性酸中毒1例报道

<正>1病例介绍1.1基本情况患者,女,39岁,因“发热、畏寒2 d,气促、心悸、下腹胀痛3 h”入院,G5P3 28+3周孕,既往有糖尿病病史2年,予口服二甲双胍,孕前4个月予皮下注射胰岛素（早、晚餐前20 U）。有剖宫产手术史,21年前顺产一活男婴（体健）;12年前剖宫产一活女婴（体健）;自然流产1次,难免流产1次。末次月经2021年5月28日,本次外院彩超示“宫内早孕”。