早产和足月新生儿串联质谱筛查切值的建立

目的分析昆明医科大学第一附属医院新生儿遗传代谢病筛查中心不同出生胎龄新生儿干血斑中氨基酸、游离肉碱和酰基肉碱水平,并分别建立其参考区间,降低假阳性率或假阴性率,提高阳性预测值。方法选取2013年1月至2020年12月在昆明医科大学第一附属医院新生儿遗传代谢病筛查中心做串联质谱筛查检测的52526例新生儿干血斑标本作为研究对象,根据出生时胎龄不同分为早产组(32周≤胎龄<37周,n=5694)和正常孕周组(37周≤胎龄≤42周,n=46832),采用串联质谱法对其氨基酸、游离肉碱和酰基肉碱浓度进行检测及比较,并分别建立其参考区间(P_(0.5)~P_(99.5))。结果11种氨基酸及C0、C2、C3、C4、C5、C6、C8、C10、C14、C14:2、C16:1、C18:2的99.5%上限值,早产组高于正常孕周组;C6DC、C12、C16的99.5%上限值,早产组低于正常孕周组。C0的0.5%下限值,早产组高于正常孕周组;瓜氨酸、甲硫氨酸、C16、C18、C18:1的0.5%下限值,早产组低于正常孕周组。其余酰基肉碱的0.5%下限值与99.5%上限值在两组间无明显变化或相差不大。用重新设定的参考区间对部分筛查质量指标做前后对比分析,发现假阳性率在早产组和正常孕周组分别由8.17%、4.86%下降到3.72%、1.48%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为18.480、16.359,P<0.05);阳性预测值分别由0.56%、1.44%上升到2.17%、3.41%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)值分别为11.898、12.149,P<0.05)。结论不同胎龄新生儿氨基酸、游离肉碱和酰基肉碱浓度存在差异,分别建立了不同胎龄新生儿氨基酸、游肉离碱和酰基肉碱筛查的参考区间,为新生儿氨基酸、脂肪酸和有机酸代谢障碍性疾病的筛查及诊断提供了参考依据。     

白细胞进入腹腔是引起蛋白质经腹腔丢失的关键

目的为了研究细菌性腹膜炎时经腹腔蛋白质丢失的机制,阐明白细胞移行与蛋白质丢失的关系。方法给兔腹腔内注射大肠杆菌(E.coil)4×106CFU+生理盐水(35ml/kg),做成急性腹膜炎动物模型。通过测定实验6或8h期间腹透液中白细胞总数(WBC)及中性粒细胞(PMNs)计数情况以及腹膜对蛋白质的通透性(蛋白质D/P比值)。设立了两个系列的实验系列一,应用氮介(mustine),1.2mg/kg,实验前3天静脉注射,以耗尽循环血中的白细胞;系列二,用单克隆抗体(mAb)60.32mg/kg,实验前5min静脉注射,以阻滞PMNs上的粘附分子CD18,从而抑制PMNs向腹腔移行。同时设立了阳性对照组(即腹膜炎组)及阴性对照组(无腹膜炎组)。结果系列一中mustine降低87%循环血中白细胞及93%循环血中PMNs,此时即使腹腔内注射细菌,白细胞向腹腔的移行及腹腔蛋白质的渗出均较未注射mustine的腹膜炎组明显降低,而与无腹膜炎的正常对照组结果相似。系列二,静脉注射mAb60.3同样也明显降低白细胞及PMNs向腹腔的移行及经腹腔蛋白质的丢失。结论急性细菌性腹膜炎时白细胞向腹腔移行导致了经腹腔蛋白质的丢失。     

353例多发伤后全身炎性反应综合征与多器官功能障碍综合征的临床研究

目的：探讨多发伤后全身炎性反应综合征（SIRS）的特点,不同程度SIRS与MODS的关系以及对进展为多器官功能障碍综合征（MODS）的防治。方法：根据SIRS的诊断标准,同时参照APACHE评分系统、创伤严重程度、全身感染等确定SIRS的严重程度,分析不同程度SIRS与MODS的关系以及由SIRS向MODS发展的渐进过程。结果：353例中轻、中、重度SIRS分别为158例、118例和77例。与轻度SIRS比较,中、重度SIRS患者MODS的发生率明显增加（P＜0．05）;受累器官中,呼吸功能障碍最多见,患病率达27．5％;随着受累器官增多,病死率显著增加（P＜0．05）。结论：多发伤后SIRS患者由于二次打击因素的存在,MODS发生率高,SIRS的程度与MODS的发病和预后密切相关。高度重视SIRS向MODS转变过程中的高危因素,阻断或削弱二次打击,早期进行脏器功能支持是防治MODS最有力的措施。     

金丝桃抗脂质过氧化作用研究

为研究金丝桃的抗脂质过氧化作用,用分光光度法测定了金丝桃提取物对大鼠离体组织匀浆的脂质过氧化及由Fe2+-H2O2体系、Fe2+-VitC体系和Fe2+-Cys体系诱导的脂质过氧化的抑制作用。发现金丝桃提取物对大鼠肝、心、肾组织匀浆脂质过氧化和线粒体诱导的脂质过氧化具有抑制作用并表现出剂量依赖关系,而且提取物F003的抑制作用要强于F004、F005的抑制作用。认为金丝桃具有较好的抗脂质过氧化作用,具有进一步研究与开发价值。     

肠外营养对机械通气患者撤机的意义研究

目的：探讨肠外营养（PN）支持对ICU内机械通气危重患者脱机的意义。方法：268例因各种病因致呼吸衰竭的危重患者,在机械通气撤机期间给予胃肠外营养支持治疗,并与124例撤机训练期间未行肠外营养支持治疗的机械通气患者进行比较。结果：与对照组相比,肠外营养支持组营养支持后有关营养状况的指标明显改善,负氮平衡减轻（P＜0．05）。撤离呼吸机的呼吸力学指标明显改善,呼吸机参数条件降低（P＜0．05）,该组脱机平均所需时间明显短于对照组,一次性脱机成功率显著高于对照组（P＜0．05）。结论：肠外营养支持有助于增强呼吸肌的质量和功能,有利于早期脱机。     

53例涎腺腺样囊性癌MMP—2和MMP—9表达与神经浸润和淋巴结转移的关系

目的研究涎腺腺样囊性癌MMP-2和MMP-9表达情况,评估其与涎腺腺样囊性癌神经浸润和淋巴 结转移的关系。方法选取53例涎腺腺样囊性癌,以抗MMP-2和MMP-9单克隆抗体用Envision法进行免疫 组织化学染色和半定量分析。结果MMP-2和MMP-9在涎腺腺样囊性癌中的表达率分别为67.92％和 79.25％;有神经浸润的腺样囊性癌其MMP-2和MMP-9的表达水平远高于无浸润者(P＜0.05,P＜0.05);随 着MMP-2和MMP-9的表达水平增高,淋巴结转移率也增高(P＜0.05,P＜0.05)。结论提示MMP-2和 MMP-9的高表达与涎腺腺样囊性癌易侵犯神经的特性及发生淋巴结转移密切相关。     

Probucol improves erectile function by regulating endoplasmic reticulum stress in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes

This study was to explore the effect and mechanism of Probucol on STZ-induced erectile dysfunction in diabetic rats. Thirty SD male rats aged 12 weeks were given intraperitoneal injection of STZ after fasting for 12 hr. Diabetic rats were haphazardly partitioned under two assemblies and administered 0 or 500 mg/kg probucol by oral gavage to 12 weeks. Control group was intraperitoneally injected with physiological saline, and saline was administered by oral gavage daily. Intracorporeal pressure was used to evaluate erectile function. Levels of proteins were detected using immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. α-SMA and vWF were detected using immunofluorescence staining. After treatment, erectile function in probucol group was significantly improved. Endoplasmic reticulum stress-related proteins were expressed higher in DM group than in sham group, while expression of these proteins decreased significantly in probucol group. However, α-SMA and vWF were expressed at lower levels in DM group than in sham group, and probucol treatment reversed this phenomenon. Finally, Bax and Caspase3 were expressed at higher levels and Bcl-2 was expressed at lower levels in DM group, while the opposite result was obtained in probucol group. In conclusions, probucol improves erectile function by reducing endothelial dysfunction and inhibiting PERK/ATF4/CHOP pathway in STZ-induced diabetic rats.     

Left atrial appendage perforation with Watchman device implantation: Strategies for surgical repair

Percutaneous occlusion of the left atrial appendage is increasingly being used as an alternative for stroke prevention in patients with non‐valvular atrial fibrillation at high risk of complications from long term anticoagulation. We describe a case of left atrial appendage perforation during Watchman device implantation requiring emergency repair of the left atrium using sternotomy and cardiopulmonary bypass. Technical considerations for surgical decision making are discussed; in hemodynamically unstable patients as well as those at high risk for embolization.     

Targeting NF-κB c-Rel in regulatory T cells to treat corneal transplantation rejection

The relevance of Tregs in the induction of tolerance against corneal allografts has been well established. Although it is well known that the conversion of Tregs into effector-like cells contributes to the loss of corneal immune privilege, the underlying mechanism is still not fully understood. Using heterologous penetrating keratoplasty model, we found that Tregs from corneal allograft rejected mice (inflam-Tregs) exhibit impaired function and characteristics of effector T cells. Further study showed that the expression of NF-κB c-Rel, a key mediator of effector T cell function, was significantly increased in inflam-Tregs. Mechanistic study revealed that elevated NF-κB c-Rel level in inflam-Tregs impaired Treg function through the promotion of inflammatory cytokine production and glycolysis. More importantly, we demonstrated that targeting NF-κB c-Rel was able to improve the immune suppressive function of inflam-Tregs in vitro and enhance the potential of them to suppress corneal transplantation rejection. Therefore, our current study identified NF-κB c-Rel as a key mediator of the conversion of Tregs into effector-like cells when under inflammatory environment.