Monitoring the protective effects of minocycline treatment with radiolabeled annexin V in an experimental model of focal cerebral ischemia.

Minocycline is an antibiotic now recognized to have antiapoptotic and antiinflammatory properties. Because of these properties, minocycline may be of benefit in reducing neuronal apoptosis from ischemia and subsequent postischemic inflammation if administered soon after a stroke. We now explore the feasibility of using (99m)Tc-annexin V, an in vivo marker of apoptosis, with SPECT to monitor the antiapoptotic effects of minocycline therapy. METHODS: CB6/F1 adult male mice underwent unilateral distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCA) occlusion and were imaged and sacrificed at 1, 3, 7, or 30 d after injury. Animals were given minocycline (or vehicle) 30 min and 12 h after dMCA occlusion and then given 22.5 mg/kg twice daily for up to 7 d. Before imaging, behavioral tests were performed to evaluate the neurologic function. After imaging, brains were collected for histology and assessed for the degree of apoptosis and microglial activation. RESULTS: (99m)Tc-Annexin V uptake in injured hemispheres was significantly decreased 2- to 3-fold by minocycline at all time points. Minocyline reduced infarct size as seen histologically and improved behavioral indices as late as 30 d. Infarct volume as seen histologically correlated with radiolabeled annexin V uptake seen by SPECT. In situ fluorescent microscopy demonstrated that annexin V bound primarily to neurons at 1 and 3 d, with a shift toward microglia by 7 and 30 d. CONCLUSION: We found that minocycline significantly reduces neuronal apoptosis and infarct size and improves neurologic outcome in mice after acute focal cortical ischemia.     

Changing health status and health expectancies among older adults in China: Gender differences from 1992 to 2002

Numerous studies document improvements in health status and health expectancies among older adults over time. However, most evidence is from developed nations and gender differences in health trends are often inconsistent. It remains unknown whether changes in health in developing countries resemble Western trends or whether patterns of health improvement are unique to the country's epidemiologic transition and gender norms. Using two nationally representative samples of non-institutionalized adults in China aged 65 years and older, this study investigates gender differences in the improvements in disability, chronic disease prevalence, and self-rated health from 1992 to 2002. Results from multivariate logistic regression models show that all three indicators of health improved over the 10-year period, with the largest improvement in self-rated health. With the exception of disability, the health of women improved more than men. Using Sullivan's decomposition methods, we also show that active life expectancy, disease-free life expectancy, and healthy life expectancy increased over this decade and were patterned differently according to gender. Overall, the findings demonstrate that China experienced broad health improvements during its early stages of the epidemiologic transition and that these changes were not uniform by gender. We discuss the public health implications of the findings in the context of China's rapidly aging population.     

2001年与2004年抗菌药物应用情况比较

目的　了解抗菌药物应用的基本情况。方法　将 2 0 0 1年 3月 14 3 0例住院患者病历与 2 0 0 4年 3月的 2 0 66例住院患者病历进行回顾性调查和对比分析。结果　 2 0 0 1年的 14 3 0例中有 948(66 3 % )例 ,和 2 0 0 4年的 2 0 66例有 10 60例 (5 1.3 % ) ,应用了抗菌药物。结论　定期检查考评 ,严格掌握用药指征 ,是加强抗菌药物应用管理的关键。     

脊髓血管畸形合并胸腔血管畸形

脊髓血管畸形的临床发病率较低,仅为颅内血管畸形或脊髓新生物的1/10左右.本病可能与其它组织的血管异常同时存在,如皮肤血管痣(Cobb综合征),皮肤、粘膜病变,和Klipple-Trenaunay-Weber综合征等.本文报告的与胸腔血管畸形同时存在的脊髓血管畸形,我们尚未见诸报道.本文还结合文献就脊髓血管畸形导致脊髓功能损害的病理生理作了阐述.     

原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤的影像学诊断

目的 探讨X线、CT及血管造影对原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤的诊断价值及鉴别诊断。资料与方法 回顾分析经手术和／或病理证实的46例原发性十二指肠恶性肿瘤的l临床及影像学资料，46例全部作过十二指肠气钡双对比造影，并有13例作低张十二指肠插管造影；28例作CT检查；11例作数字减影血管造影。结果 胃十二指肠双对比造影及低张十二指肠插管诊断十二指肠癌24例；平滑肌肉瘤6例；恶性淋巴瘤4例。诊断总符合率为73．91％(34／46)。误诊率为17．39％(8／46)，漏诊率为8．7％(4／46)。CT检查28例，确诊十二指肠癌4例，平滑肌肉瘤7例。误诊为腹腔脓肿2例，平滑肌瘤6例，腹腔恶性肿瘤9例。诊断符合率为39．29％(11／28)，误诊率为60．71％(17／28)。血管造影11例，9例检出病变，6例确诊为十二指肠恶性肿瘤，3例误为良性肿瘤，2例未发现明显肿瘤血管。确诊率为54．55％(6／11)，误、漏诊率分别为27．27％(3／11)、18．18％(2／11)。结论 胃十二指肠气钡双对比造影是发现十二指肠恶性肿瘤最简单易行的方法，它和胃镜配合能得到病理学诊断。低张十二指肠插管造影对重度肠腔狭窄或阻塞患者显示病变范围起补充作用。CT能显示管外型恶性肿瘤的软组织块影及管壁破坏和有无淋巴结肿大。血管造影能根据血供来源明确钡餐难发现、CT仅显示与肠管无明显联系的平滑肌肉瘤，并可进行栓塞IE血治疗。     

医院感染及漏报率统计分析

目的　了解我院医院感染发生及漏报率。方法　将我院 2 0 0 3年 1～ 12月出院的所有病例进行回顾性调查。结果　医院感染率 7.3 2 %、漏报率 14 .93 %,均符合国家卫生部要求。结论　做好医院感染监测工作 ,严格执行各项工作制度 ,掌握医院感染与手术并发症的鉴别诊断 ,提高医院感染诊断的准确率     

交叉韧带重建手术中可吸收挤压螺钉的应用

目的探讨交叉韧带重建术中可吸收挤压螺钉的使用方法和疗效。方法总结53例交叉韧带重建病例使用可吸收挤压螺钉的情况，在术中、术后并发症、术后康复、膝关节功能状况等方面进行回顾性分析。结果三例出现韧带切割现象。两例股骨侧螺钉拧入后导引针无法拔出。一例挤压螺钉断裂。术后Lysholm评分平均92.4±4．1。结论交叉韧带重建术中使用可吸收挤压螺钉固定的方法固定牢固，术后恢复快，利于早期康复。