Dynamic observations on NK cell activity and IL-2 and IFNγ productionin vitro in patients on maintenance hemodialysis

Summary In order to study the immune function of patients on maintenance hemodialysis (MHD), we assayed NK cell cytotoxicity against K⁵⁶² targets in 40 patients on MHD, and the production of IL-2 and IFN in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) after PHA stimulation, in contrast to those in normal controls. The results showed that NK cell activity and IL-2 and IFN levels were markedly lower in the patients than in the controls. Afeter a single dialysis, NK cell activity as well as IL-2 and IFN levels were elevated to different extent. But there was no significant change in patients after long-term dialysis. There was a positive correlation between the NK cell activity and IL-2 and IFN activity in the controls, but no such correlation was found in the patients on MHD. There was a positive correlation between the NK cell activity and IL-2 activity in patients after dialysis, suggesting that immune function were impaired in the patients on MHD, with a decline in the activity of NK cell and IL-2 and IFN, and a disorder of immune regulation cycle. These abnormal immune impairments in the patients could be partly corrected by hemodialysis. However, long-term hemodialysis is not much helpful in the improvement of patient’s immune function.     

聚合酶β活力的测定方法及其应用

本文作者主要报道了一种测定ＤＮＡ聚合酶β活力的方法，其基本原理是：ＤＮＡ聚合酶α、β等能催化活化ＤＮＡ中的ＤＮＡ合成，将３Ｈ－ＴＴＰ等掺入ＤＮＡ双链缺口中。在选用对ＤＮＡ聚合酶β活力无影响，而对其它ＤＮＡ聚合酶活力有选择性抑制作用的抑制剂Ｎ－乙基马来酰亚胺以后，活化ＤＮＡ中３Ｈ－ＴＴＰ掺入量可以代表ＤＮＡ聚合酶β活力的大小，用该法测定裸鼠肝细胞、肝癌细胞核内ＤＮＡ聚合酶β活力，发现肝癌细胞内ＤＮＡ聚合酶β活力高于正常肝细胞。经γ射线照射３０Ｇｙ后，两种细胞核内该酶活力均无明显下降，本方法操作简单、比较经济、准确可靠，易于在国内推广应用。     

Leukaemic mantle cell lymphoma with t(11;14) and trisomy 12 showing clinical features of state A0 B cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

The precise diagnosis of lymphoma usually requires the histological examination of lymph nodes or involved tissues. Mantle cell lymphoma is a form of intermediate grade non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in which typical morphological immunophenotypic and cytogenetic features have been recognised. A case of leukaemic mantle cell lymphoma with the characteristic reciprocal translocation t(11;14) together with trisomy 12, a chromosomal abnormality usually associated with B cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), is presented. This combination of cytogenetic abnormalities has not been reported previously. The lack of lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly in this patient is more in keeping with stage A0 CLL. This case demonstrates the close clinical and biological relationship between mantle cell lymphoma and CLL.     

Evaluation of a Commercial PCR Kit for Diagnosis of Cytomegalovirus Infection of the Central Nervous System

We evaluated the AMPLICOR cytomegalovirus (CMV) PCR kit for the diagnosis of neurologic CMV infections on 43 positive and 112 negative archived cerebrospinal fluid specimens originally tested by an in-house PCR method. The AMPLICOR kit showed sensitivity and specificity of 95 and 100%, respectively, versus the home-grown assay, indicating its utility in this clinical setting.     

母体钙代谢与补钙对妊娠的影响

妊娠期缺钙严重影响母婴的安全健康 ,其原因是由于妊娠期母体钙代谢发生变化 ,使母体血清游离钙离子浓度降低 ,血清铅浓度增高。有关研究表明 ,母体缺钙导致血铅竞争性过高 ,使胎儿身长、体重均小于胎龄儿 ,胎儿宫内发育迟缓的发生率增高 ,甚至发生早产、死胎等。同时发现血清钙离子可能对内源性一氧化氮合成释放起调节作用 ,而内皮素是最强的缩血管物质之一 ,母体补钙可调节一氧化氮与内皮素的平衡 ,从而降低妊高征的发生率。因此孕期补充钙剂是非常重要的。     

Pharmacokinetics of Controlled Release and Immediate Release Morphine Sulphate Tablets after a Single Dose and Multiple Doses in Chinese Volunteers

健康志愿者１０名，随机交叉口服硫酸吗啡控释片（ＣＲＭＳ）３０ｍｇ（３０ｍｇ×１）和硫酸吗啡普通片（ＩＲＭＳ）２０ｍｇ（１０ｍｇ×２），分别于服药前后各时点取静脉血，用ＧＣＭＳ测定血浆中吗啡含量。以药代软件程序处理，分别求得ＣＲＭＳ和ＩＲＭＳ的Ｃｍａｘ为１９．３８±３．８０和２１．２７±６．２１ｎｇ／ｍｌ；ｔｍａｘ为２．３６±０．３７ｈ和０．５５±０．１６ｈ；ｔ１／２β为３．５３±０．８７ｈ和３．０３±０．７４ｈ，曲线下面积ＡＵＣ为１４５．１５±１７．６５和９３．０８±１６．６５ｎｇ·ｈ／ｍｌ。癌症病人多次口服硫酸吗啡至稳态，ＣＲＭＳ和ＩＲＭＳ的峰浓度分别为２７．４３±０．３３ｎｇ／ｍｌ，２２．６８±０．１６ｎｇ／ｍｌ；谷浓度分别为１９．４５±１．４４ｎｇ／ｍｌ；１８．１４±０．４９ｎｇ／ｍｌ。     

论公费医疗大额死亡病例的资源消耗与医学目的

从北京市公费医疗大额消耗的９２例死亡病例的费用结构及住院城数的统计，提示由住院日地长，贵重卫生资源的盲目过量投入等而致。这与中国国情不符。因此，医学目的概念应更新，以及应如何正确对待死亡病例的医疗服务值得进行讨论。     

尿酶测定用于32例氨基甙类肾毒性早期损害的观察

采用尿N-乙酰氨基-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)检测对32例患者进行了用药前、后的连续观察。用庆大霉素前尿NAG的均值为21.98％U/g Cr;用药1d为89.92;用药3d为94.45;经统计学处理,自身配对比较,有显著性差异(用药前后t=3.108,P<0.01),证实NAG是观察庆大霉素早期肾毒性的灵敏指标。