轻身减肥片质量标准的研究

目的:建立轻身减肥片(黄芪、大黄、菌陈、丹参、山楂等)的质量标准.方法:对黄芪、大黄、菌陈、丹参、山楂等组分进行薄层色谱鉴别.采用高效液相色谱法对方中君药大黄中大黄素和大黄酚进行含量测定;结果:薄层图谱斑点清晰,阴性对照无干扰.大黄素、大黄酚平均加样回收率分别为100.3%、100.5%,RSD分别为1.5%、1.6%.结论:方法准确,方法重复性好,可作为该制剂的质量控制指标.     

对苄氧基氯苄的HPLC测定

对苄氧基氯苄(p-benzyloxy benzyl chloride,1)是合成抗肿瘤新药的中间体,其纯度直接影响成品的质量.本研究建立了RP-HPLC法测定1纯度[1,2].方法简便、快速,可用于1的质量评定.     

酮洛芬的相转移催化氧化合成

2-(3-苄基苯基)丙醛和高锰酸钾在相转移催化剂度米芬作用下,以苯为有机相、氢氧化钠水溶液为水相氧化制得酮洛芬,收率69%,纯度99.5%.     

共焦显微镜在角膜病变中应用的新进展

共焦显微镜(confocal microscopy, CM)检查作为一种“活体组织学检查”方法,以其实时、无创、快速、高清的特点,在角膜生理、病理研究及疾病诊断、病情评估、随访等方面显示出优越性,已在眼科临床及科研中得到广泛应用。本文将对CM在感染性角膜疾病、变性性角膜疾病及全身疾病所致角膜病变中应用的新进展作一综述。     

A Severe Case of Reye's Syndrome with Multiorgan Dysfunction after Epstein-Barr Virus Infection

A 20-month-old male infant with multiorgan dysfunction after Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection developed Reye's syndrome. He also suffered from acute liver failure, life-threatening cerebral edema, severe disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and myocardial involvement. EBV infection aggravated the progress of Reye's syndrome, leading to death despite full supportive and symptomatic therapy. This critical case suggested that pediatricians should pay attention to multiorgan involvement of severe EBV infection.     

构建区域医疗机构内训师培训体系的实践探索

为了更好地完成国家基本公共服务标准化试点项目,完善区域医疗机构内部人才培训标准化体系,广州医科大学附属第六医院以地市级三级甲等医院优势为依托,以第三方医院管理咨询公司为主要技术支持,与该区域卫生健康局建立长期合作关系,组建区域医疗机构全面质量管理内训师团队,实施标准化课程培训,构建和应用内训师形成性评价体系。逐步完善了区域医疗机构全面质量管理内训师培训标准化体系,培养了一支规模适当、结构合理、素质优良的内训师资队伍。     

Use of Ilizarov Device to Gain Early Range of Motion in the Treatment of Pediatric Talus Body Fractures: A Series of Four Cases and Literature Review

BackgroundTalus fractures are rare in children but can lead to severe outcomes if untreated. The Ilizarov external fixator has been used in the treatment of a variety of lower extremity pathologies. The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical outcomes of talus body fractures treated with the Ilizarov external fixator.Case PresentationFour male pediatric patients (age range, 5–11 years) with talus body fractures who were treated by open reduction and internal fixation combined with Ilizarov external fixator between November 2015 and April 2016 were reviewed. Mean follow‐up period was 4 years (range, 4–5). Clinical outcome was evaluated using the clinical rating scale of the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS). All four patients achieved good to excellent results at the last follow‐up. None of the patients developed avascular necrosis. One patient developed automatic fusion of tibiotalar joint.ConclusionUse of the Ilizarov external fixator to gain early range of motion is a valuable option for treatment of talus body fractures in children.     

婴儿黑色素神经外胚瘤

婴儿黑色素神经外胚瘤是一种临床上罕见的原始神经嵴来源性肿瘤,好发于上颌骨,多见于1岁以内的婴儿。临床上大部分患儿以局部缓慢增大的无痛性肿块就诊,肿块大体观察为实性,呈淡蓝色或灰黑色。大部分婴儿黑色素神经外胚瘤为良性,复发者易发生恶变,临床治疗多采取手术扩大切除方式以避免肿瘤复发。下面就该肿瘤临床表现、影像学特征、组织病理学特点、治疗、预后等方面的认识和研究进展作一综述。     

一肾一夹肾血管性高血压动物模型的制作

目的研究一肾一夹(1K1C)肾血管性高血压动物模型的制作。方法选用200~220 g体重的SD大鼠,制作1K1C高血压大鼠模型。随机分为正常对照组、单肾对照组(1K)、1K1C组、1K1C+BEA组。使用药物2-溴乙胺氢溴酸盐(BEA)破坏肾髓质。采用尾动脉袖套法测量各组大鼠血压的变化。结果1K组大鼠血压4周后有明显升高,与正常对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但是1K组大鼠与正常对照组大鼠4周后血压远未达到肾血管性高血压入选标准;1K1C组大鼠血压在1周后开始升高,2周时已达到本实验高血压入选标准;1K1C+BEA组血压升高更明显,4周时血压与1K1C组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论本方法制作肾血管性高血压模型简单易行,成功率约80%。     

Development and Characterizations of Pullulan and Maltodextrin-Based Oral Fast-Dissolving Films Employing a Box–Behnken Experimental Design

Migraine is a neurological disorder characterized by severe headaches, visual aversions, auditory, and olfactory disorders, accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Zolmitriptan (ZMT^®) is a potent 5HT1B/1D serotonin receptor agonist frequently used for the treatment of migraine. It has erratic absorption from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), but its oral bioavailability is low (40–45%) due to the hepatic metabolism. This makes it an ideal candidate for oral fast dissolving formulations. Hence, the current study was undertaken to design and develop oral fast-dissolving films (OFDFs) containing ZMT for migraine treatment. The OFDFs were formulated by the solvent casting method (SCM) using Pullulan (PU) and maltodextrin (MDX) as film-forming agents and propylene glycol (PG) as a plasticizer. The strategy was designed using Box–Behnken experimental design considering the proportion of PU:MDX and percentage of PG as independent variables. The effectiveness of the OFDF’s was measured based on the following responses: drug release at five min, disintegration time (D-time), and tensile strength (TS). The influence of formulation factors, including percent elongation (%E), thickness, water content, moisture absorption, and folding endurance on ZMT-OFDFs, were also studied. The results showed a successful fabrication of stable ZMT-OFDFs, with surface uniformity and amorphous shape of ZMT in fabricated films. The optimized formulation showed a remarkable rapid dissolution, over 90% within the first 5 min, a fast D-time of 18 s, and excellent mechanical characteristics. Improved maximum plasma concentration (C max) and area under the curve (AUC 0–t) in animals (rats) treated with ZMT-OFDFs compared to those treated with an intra-gastric (i-g) suspension of ZMT were also observed. Copolymer OFDFs with ZMT is an exciting proposition with great potential for the treatment of migraine headache. This study offers a promising strategy for developing ZMT-OFDFs using SCM. ZMT-OFDFs showed remarkable rapid dissolution and fast D-time, which might endeavor ZMT-OFDFs as an auspicious alternative approach to improve patient compliance and shorten the onset time of ZMT in migraine treatment.