Gastric tuberculosis: a manifestation of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

A Haitian man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), fever, malaise, and diarrhea is described. A computed tomographic (CT) scan showed a retrogastric mass with an associated ulcer. An upper gastrointestinal tract study showed an ulcer with both benign and malignant features. Endoscopy revealed a malignant-appearing ulcer, but cultures and histologic examinations of surgical biopsy specimens indicated gastric tuberculosis. The relationship between tuberculosis and AIDS is discussed.     

宫颈上皮内瘤样病变的手术治疗

1 背景 目前宫颈上皮内瘤样病变（CTV）的治疗主要是根据疾病的性质和范围行局部切除或切除。阴道镜检查出现以前，传统上所有病灶在全麻下都用刀行锥切活检或电凝法行点根治术，而现在更趋向于各种可用于门诊病人的更保守的局部切除和切除治疗。     

Plasma kallikrein and prorenin in patients with hereditary angioedema

Recent evidence indicates that plasma kallikrein is activated during acute attacks of hereditary angioedema. Plasma kallikrein is known to convert inactive renin, or prorenin, into an active proteolytic enzyme in plasma exposed to acid or low temperatures as well as in purified systems. To establish whether plasma kallikrein could activate prorenin under physiologic or pathologic conditions, prorenin to renin conversion was assessed at neutral pH in plasma deficient in C1 inhibitor (hereditary angioedema). In these plasma samples lacking the two major inhibitors of kallikrein and possessing less than 10% of the inhibitory activity of normal plasma, prorenin was not converted to an active enzyme despite conditions under which prekallikrein was completely activated to plasma kallikrein and despite normal prorenin concentrations and activability.     

Oral adverse reactions due to cinnamon‐flavoured chewing gums consumption

Cinnamon‐flavoured products (toothpaste, chewing gum, food, candy and mouthwash) can cause oral adverse reactions; among these, the most common is contact stomatitis (cinnamon contact stomatitis, CCS). Signs and symptoms of contact allergic reactions affecting the oral mucosa can mimic other common oral disorders, making diagnosis difficult. As CCS may be more prevalent than believed and its clinical features can frequently determine misdiagnosis, we reviewed case reports and case series of oral adverse reactions due to cinnamon‐containing chewing gums, emphasizing clinical aspects, diagnostic and management procedures. We also proposed an algorithm to perform a diagnosis of CCS as in the previous published literature the diagnostic approach was not based on a harmonized and shared evidence‐based procedure. Moreover, as patients can refer to different specialists as dentists, dermatologists and allergists, a multidisciplinary approach is suggested.