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31.
Suicide in the Italian military environment (1986-1998) 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Mancinelli I Lazanio S Comparelli A Ceciarelli L Di Marzo S Pompili M Girardi P Tatarelli R 《Military medicine》2003,168(2):146-152
OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to provide data about suicide and attempted suicide in the Italian military environment from 1986 to 1998. METHODS: Italian data were gathered from the clinical documentation archived by the Epidemiological Observatory. These data were collected in a Case Report Form and subsequently sorted into the statistical program database, SPSS, and then processed. RESULTS: From 1986 to 1998, there were 122 suicides and 136 attempted suicides. The most frequently involved ranks were military troops. Subject age range varied from 17 to 60 years. The most frequent ages for both suicides and attempted suicides were 19, 20, 21, and 22 years old. DISCUSSION: The authors assume that the lower predominance of suicide in the military population is mainly attributable to the following factors: screening procedures of military personnel aim to exclude mentally disturbed and the military service provides a young individual with the possibility to belong and to identify himself with a group. 相似文献
32.
S Khom B Strommer J Ramharter T Schwarz C Schwarzer T Erker GF Ecker J Mulzer S Hering 《British journal of pharmacology》2010,161(1):65-78
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
Subunit-specific modulators of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) type A (GABAA) receptors can help to assess the physiological function of receptors with different subunit composition and also provide the basis for the development of new drugs. Valerenic acid (VA) was recently identified as a β2/3 subunit-specific modulator of GABAA receptors with anxiolytic potential. The aim of the present study was to generate VA derivatives as novel GABAA receptor modulators and to gain insight into the structure–activity relation of this molecule.EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH
The carboxyl group of VA was substituted by an uncharged amide or amides with different chain length. Modulation of GABAA receptors composed of different subunit compositions by the VA derivatives was studied in Xenopus oocytes by means of the two-microelectrode voltage-clamp technique. Half-maximal stimulation of GABA-induced chloride currents (IGABA) through GABAA receptors (EC50) and efficacies (maximal stimulation of IGABA) were estimated. Anxiolytic activity of the VA derivatives was studied in mice, applying the elevated plus maze test.KEY RESULTS
Valerenic acid amide (VA-A) displayed the highest efficacy (more than twofold greater IGABA enhancement than VA) and highest potency (EC50= 13.7 ± 2.3 µM) on α1β3 receptors. Higher efficacy and potency of VA-A were also observed on α1β2γ2s and α3β3γ2s receptors. Anxiolytic effects were most pronounced for VA-A.CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS
Valerenic acid derivatives with higher efficacy and affinity can be generated. Greater in vitro action of the amide derivative correlated with a more pronounced anxiolytic effect in vivo. The data give further confidence in targeting β3 subunit containing GABAA receptors for development of anxiolytics. 相似文献33.
Henrik B Mortensen Peter GF Swift Reinhard W Holl P Hougaard Lars Hansen Hilde Bjoerndalen Carine E De Beaufort Michael Knip and Hvidoere Study Group on Childhood Diabetes 《Pediatric diabetes》2010,11(4):218-226
HB Mortensen, PGF Swift, RW Holl, P Hougaard, L Hansen, H Bjoerndalen, CE de Beaufort, M Knip. Multinational study in children and adolescents with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes: association of age, ketoacidosis, HLA status, and autoantibodies on residual beta‐cell function and glycemic control 12 months after diagnosis. Objective: To identify predictors of residual beta‐cell function and glycemic control during the first 12 months after the diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Subjects and Methods: Clinical information and blood samples were collected from 275 children. HbA1c, antibodies, HLA typing and mixed meal‐stimulated C‐peptide levels 1, 6, and 12 months after diagnosis were analyzed centrally. Results: Mean age at diagnosis was 9.1 yr. DKA with standard bicarbonate <15 mmol/L was associated with significantly poorer residual beta‐cell function 1 (p = 0.004) and 12 months (p = 0.0003) after diagnosis. At 12 months, the decline in stimulated C‐peptide levels compared with the levels at 1 month was 69% in the youngest age group and 50% in patients 10 yr and above (p < 0.001). Stimulated C‐peptide at 12 months was predicted by younger age (p < 0.02) and bicarbonate levels at diagnosis (p = 0.005), and by stimulated C‐peptide (p < 0.0001), postmeal blood glucose (p = 0.0004), insulin antibodies (IA; p = 0.02) and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA; p = 0.0004) at 1 month. HbA1c at 12 months was predicted by HbA1c at diagnosis (p < 0.0001), GADA at 1 month (p = 0.01), and non‐white Caucasian ethnicity (p = 0.002). Conclusions: Younger age, ketoacidosis at diagnosis, and IA and GADA 1 month after diagnosis were the strongest explanatory factors for residual beta‐cell function at 12 months. Glycemic control at 12 months was influenced predominantly by ethnicity, HbA1c at diagnosis, and GADA at 1 month. 相似文献
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M Perry I Drašković T van Achterberg GF Borm MIJ van Eijken PL Lucassen MJFJ Vernooij-Dassen MGM Olde Rikkert 《BMC health services research》2008,8(1):71
Background
Early diagnosis of dementia benefits both patient and caregiver. Nevertheless, dementia in primary care is currently under-diagnosed. Some educational interventions developed to improve dementia diagnosis and management were successful in increasing the number of dementia diagnoses and in changing attitudes and knowledge of health care staff. However, none of these interventions focussed on collaboration between GPs and nurses in dementia care. We developed an EASYcare-based Dementia Training Program (DTP) aimed at stimulating collaboration in dementia primary care. We expect this program to increase the number of cognitive assessments and dementia diagnoses and to improve attitudes and knowledge of GPs and nurses. 相似文献37.
A De Gennaro S Cantagalli A Moroni M Pompili G Vicenzi 《La Chirurgia degli Organi di Movimento》1991,76(4):359-364
The authors describe two cases of subacute epiphysiolysis with severe slipping submitted to corrective subcapitate osteotomy of the femur with an anterior approach. The patients were followed-up after approximately 7 years, and satisfactory results were observed: movement in flexo-extension was preserved with mild limitation of intrarotation. The accuracy of the osteotomy during surgery is emphasized in order to avoid necrosis of the femoral head, and hypercorrection in valgus to avoid shortening. 相似文献
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Family Functioning and Dysfunctional Eating Among Italian Adolescents: The Moderating Role of Gender
Fiorenzo Laghi Meghan L. McPhie Emma Baumgartner Jennine S. Rawana Sara Pompili Roberto Baiocco 《Child psychiatry and human development》2016,47(1):43-52
The first aim of this study was to examine the association between different dimensions of family functioning and dysfunctional eating in a sample of Italian adolescent boys and girls. The second aim was to investigate whether gender moderates the relationship between family functioning and dysfunctional eating. Seven hundred and twenty seven adolescents (500 boys and 227 girls) with ages ranging from 15 to 18 years completed a survey of self-report measures. Findings from hierarchical multiple regression analysis suggested that aspects of family functioning such as flexibility, cohesion, disengagement, enmeshment, rigidity and chaotic were related to dysfunctional eating in adolescents. Additionally the results indicated differences between boys and girls, in particular dysfunctional eating in adolescent boys seemed to be more affected by dimensions of enmeshment and disengagement than dysfunctional eating in girls. This research highlights the important role of various aspects of family functioning in relation to dysfunctional eating in adolescents. 相似文献
40.
激光治疗瘢痕的特征 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
目的:介绍国内近20年来激光治疗瘢痕的临床研究概况,以期进一步了解激光治疗瘢痕的新进展。资料来源:应用计算机检索Pubmed和中国生物医学文献数据库1983/2006的相关文章,限定文章语言种类为英文和中文,检索词为“cicatrices(瘢痕),laser(激光)”。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选择临床试验研究文献查找全文。纳入标准:①有明确诊断标准。②随机对照实验或对照试验。有无随访,是否采用盲法不限制。③治疗组干预措施为激光或激光联合药物;对照组干预措施为曲安奈德、冷冻联合曲安奈德或不采用药物措施。排除标准:①非对照研究。②治疗组或对照组的干预措施不符合纳入标准。③机制研究。④重复研究。资料提炼:共收集到相关文献120篇,按上述标准纳入31篇,其余文献均被排除。资料综合:31篇文章中11篇为随机对照研究,10篇为对照研究,各研究的研究期为1~6个月。各研究所纳入的病例数量为10~50例。其中6个研究对比了激光与传统药物治疗瘢痕的疗效及安全性,2个研究进行了激光治疗瘢痕基础研究机制比较,10个研究观察了激光结合与单纯药物或单纯激光对瘢痕的疗效,4个研究比较了激光联合西药治疗瘢痕的疗效,2个研究观察了激光治疗瘢痕的副作用。7篇介绍国内或国外瘢痕治疗的研究情况。结论:激光治疗瘢痕的疗效可靠,具有副作用少,方法简单,安全性高,易被患者接受等优势。但由于激光治疗瘢痕还存在着一定的局限性,今后还需要在激光的穿透深度方面研究。 相似文献