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101.
Dimitrios P. Bogdanos Daniel S. Smyk Pietro Invernizzi Eirini I. Rigopoulou Miri Blank Shideh Pouria Yehuda Shoenfeld 《Autoimmunity reviews》2013,12(7):726-740
The “exposome” is a term recently used to describe all environmental factors, both exogenous and endogenous, which we are exposed to in a lifetime. It represents an important tool in the study of autoimmunity, complementing classical immunological research tools and cutting-edge genome wide association studies (GWAS). Recently, environmental wide association studies (EWAS) investigated the effect of environment in the development of diseases. Environmental triggers are largely subdivided into infectious and non-infectious agents. In this review, we introduce the concept of the “infectome”, which is the part of the exposome referring to the collection of an individual's exposures to infectious agents. The infectome directly relates to geoepidemiological, serological and molecular evidence of the co-occurrence of several infectious agents associated with autoimmune diseases that may provide hints for the triggering factors responsible for the pathogenesis of autoimmunity. We discuss the implications that the investigation of the infectome may have for the understanding of microbial/host interactions in autoimmune diseases with long, pre-clinical phases. It may also contribute to the concept of the human body as a superorganism where the microbiome is part of the whole organism, as can be seen with mitochondria which existed as microbes prior to becoming organelles in eukaryotic cells of multicellular organisms over time. A similar argument can now be made in regard to normal intestinal flora, living in symbiosis within the host. We also provide practical examples as to how we can characterise and measure the totality of a disease-specific infectome, based on the experimental approaches employed from the “immunome” and “microbiome” projects. 相似文献
102.
Neurological symptoms in essential thrombocythemia: impact of JAK2V617F mutation and response to therapy 下载免费PDF全文
Andrea Aroldi Caterina Cecchetti Arianna Colombo Leonardo Cattaneo Pietro Enrico Pioltelli Enrico Maria Pogliani Elena Maria Elli 《European journal of haematology》2016,96(6):593-601
Patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET) often suffer from neurological symptoms (NS) not ever resulting from previous thrombotic cerebral events (TCE). We reported NS occurred in 282 patients, in order to identify the factors influencing ET‐related NS in the absence of TCE, and the response to therapy. Overall, 116 of 282 patients (41%) presented NS; 101 of them (87%) reported subjective transient and fluctuating NS, without concurrent TCE, which we defined as ET‐related NS, by frequency: cephalalgia, chronic paresthesias, dizziness or hypotension, visual disturbances, and tinnitus. In univariate analysis, ET‐related NS resulted more frequently in young people (P = 0.017) and in females (P = 0.025). We found a higher prevalence of JAK2V617F mutation in ET‐related NS patients (P = 0.021). In multivariate analysis, gender (P = 0.024) and JAK2V617F mutation (P = 0.041) remained significantly associated with the development of ET‐related NS, with a risk of about four times higher for JAK2V617F‐mutated patients (OR = 3.75). Ninety‐seven of 101 patients with ET‐related NS received an antiplatelet (AP) agent at the time of NS, whereas only selected high‐risk ET‐related NS patients were treated with a cytoreductive drug, according to the published guidelines and similarly to patients without NS. We observed that only 32 of 97 (33%) patients with ET‐related NS achieved a complete response after AP treatment. Among the 65 non‐responder patients, 36 (55.4%) improved NS after the introduction of cytoreductive therapy; therefore, the addition of cytoreductive treatment should be considered in this setting. 相似文献
103.
Contrast‐enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography for differential diagnosis of localized gallbladder lesions 下载免费PDF全文
Ken Kamata Mamoru Takenaka Masayuki Kitano Shunsuke Omoto Takeshi Miyata Kosuke Minaga Kentaro Yamao Hajime Imai Tosiharu Sakurai Naoshi Nishida Hiroshi Kashida Takaaki Chikugo Yasutaka Chiba Takuya Nakai Yoshifumi Takeyama Andrea Lisotti Pietro Fusaroli Masatoshi Kudo 《Digestive endoscopy》2018,30(1):98-106
Background and Aim
Differential diagnosis of localized gallbladder lesions is challenging. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the utility of contrast‐enhanced harmonic endoscopic ultrasonography (CH‐EUS) for diagnosis of localized gallbladder lesions.Methods
One hundred and twenty‐five patients with localized gallbladder lesions were evaluated by CH‐EUS between March 2007 and February 2014. This was a single‐center retrospective study. Utilities of fundamental B‐mode EUS (FB‐EUS) and CH‐EUS in the differentiation of gallbladder lesions and sludge plug were initially compared. Thereafter, these two examinations were compared with respect to their accuracy in the diagnosis of malignant lesions. Five reviewers blinded to the clinicopathological results evaluated microcirculation patterns in the vascular and perfusion images.Results
In the differentiation between gallbladder lesions and sludge plug, FB‐EUS had a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 82%, 100%, and 95%, respectively, whereas CH‐EUS had a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 100%, 99%, and 99%, respectively. FB‐EUS‐based diagnosis of carcinomas based on tumor size and/or shape had a sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of 61–87%, 71–88%, and 74–86%, respectively. Additional information regarding irregular vessel patterns in the vascular image and/or heterogeneous enhancement in the perfusion image on CH‐EUS increased the sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy for the diagnosis of carcinomas to 90%, 98%, and 96%, respectively. There was a significant difference between FB‐EUS and CH‐EUS in terms of carcinoma diagnosis.Conclusion
CH‐EUS was useful for the evaluation of localized gallbladder lesions. 相似文献104.
Since its introduction, total joint arthroplasty (TJA) has improved the quality of life of patients with degenerative joint disorders. In the last decades, a number of conventional and biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs have become available for the treatment of patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD), leading to a reduction in the need to undergo TJA. However, TJA is still frequently performed in IRD patients. Both rheumatologists and orthopedics should be aware that patients with IRD have a peculiar perioperative risk profile due to disease-related, patient-related, and surgery-related risk factors. On the basis of current evidence, TJA is a safe procedure for IRD patients as long as an accurate risk stratification and a multidisciplinary approach are applied. We here describe the current strategies for an appropriate surgical management of osteoarthritis in IRD patients and the fascinating opening perspectives that surgeons and clinicians may expect in the future. 相似文献
105.
Salvage therapy in first relapse: a retrospective study in a large patient population with multiple myeloma 下载免费PDF全文
106.
Chiara Bartolucci Giovanni Pietro Lombardo 《The International journal of clinical and experimental hypnosis》2017,65(4):398-428
This article examines research on hypnosis and suggestion, starting with the nineteenth-century model proposed by Enrico Morselli (1852–1929), an illustrious Italian psychiatrist and psychologist. The authors conducted an original psychophysiological analysis of hypnosis, distancing the work from the neuropathological concept of the time and proposing a model based on a naturalistic approach to investigating mental processes. The issues investigated by Morselli, including the definition of hypnosis and analysis of specific mental processes such as attention and memory, are reviewed in light of modern research. From the view of modern neuroscientific concepts, some problems that originated in the nineteenth century still appear to be present and pose still-open questions. 相似文献
107.
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110.
Calloni Sonia Francesca Perrotta Marianna Roveri Luisa Panni Pietro del Poggio Anna Vezzulli Paolo Quintiliano Filippi Massimo Falini Andrea Anzalone Nicoletta 《Neurological sciences》2021,42(12):5131-5137
Neurological Sciences - Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) has become a very popular imaging technique in the evaluation of the extracranial vessels pathology, while it is... 相似文献