A Survey of ECT Use in Asia

A questionnaire was mailed to 100 hospitals involved with medical education in 13 Asian countries. Replies were received from 36. The authors compare electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) usage in Asian countries with that in the United States. Marked similarities occur in response rate, number of treatments, and treatment techniques. Differences in anesthesia are associated with a seemingly higher incidence of injury. Bilateral electrode placement and maintenance ECT are widely used.     

ANTICOMPLEMENT IMMUNOENZYMATIC METHOD OF DETECTING EPSTEIN-BARR NUCLEAR ANTIGEN IN NASO- PHARYNGEAL CARCINOMA CELLS AND NORMAL EPI- THELIAL CELLS

Exfoliated cells collected by negative pres- sure suction from the nasopharynx of patients with poorly differentiat.ed and undifferentiated cell carcinoma and of suspect nasopharyngeal {:arcinoma (NPC) patients were examined for Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen (EBNA) by anti- complement immunoenzymatic method (ACIE). All 79 NPC patients had EBNA-positive carcino- ma cells, while the positive rate of cytologic and histologic examination was only 87.3To and 91.1"z. No EBNA was found in tumor cells from pa- tients with head and neck malignant and benign tumors other than NPC, nor was it found in nasopharyngeal epithelial cells of dead fet.uses. 6 persons with EBNA-positive cells detected by this method, with no carcinoma detected by cytology or histology, were reexamined regularly. Carcinoma cells were detected from l week to 3 months later in 4. This shows that this ACIE method is specific and sensitive and can be used for early NPC detection, especially in combina- tion with serologic detection of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) antibody. Besides finding EBNA in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, it can also be found in normal ciliated columnar epithelial cells and hyperplas- tic cells of the nasopharynx.     

The treatment of refractory schizophrenia: pharmacotherapy and clinical implications of blood level measurement of neuroleptics

The treatment of refractory schizophrenia requires careful definition. This is usually a statement based on clinical and/or intuitive experience. The definition can be extended and tightened if laboratory evidence is incorporated into this definition. Suggestions on how to accomplish this, e.g. measuring blood levels of antipsychotic agents, are made. Strategies for "trials of therapy' in nonresponsive patients and for decisions for changing to a new antipsychotic agent are presented. Clinical and laboratory difficulties in tackling this problem are also discussed.     

微创保胆取石术治疗胆结石的近期疗效及对患者生活质量的影响

目的 探讨分析微创保胆取石术治疗胆结石的疗效及对患者生活质量的影响.方法 选择我院收治的158例胆囊结石患者,按照患者手术方式将其分为微创保胆取石术组(EMIC组)71例、腹腔镜胆囊切除术组(LC组)87例,比较两组患者手术效果、治疗后生活质量以及并发症发生情况.结果 EMIC组患者术中出血量、手术时间、术后肛门首次排气时间以及住院时间均显著低于LC组(P＜0.05);治疗后EMIC组患者生理功能状态、主观症状、心理情绪状态、日常生活及社会活动状态以及生活质量总分均显著高于LC组(P ＜0.05);EMIC组患者术后并发症发生率为7.04％ (5/71),LC组患者术后并发症发生率为18.39％ (16/87),两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 微创保胆取石术对患者创伤小、安全性高,患者术后恢复快,保留了机体胆囊的生理功能,有助于患者术后生活质量的提高,且术后并发症发生率低,值得临床推广运用.     

《护理学基础》实验课教学模式改革与实践

<护理学基础>实验课教学是该课程的重要组成部分.创立一种全新的实验课教学体系,对提高教学质量,培养护生良好的职业素质及技能,减少练习时间,快速掌握<护理学基础>技能起着举足轻重的作用[1].