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41.
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43.
Use of T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the optic nerve sheath to detect raised intracranial pressure 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Geeraerts T Newcombe VF Coles JP Abate MG Perkes IE Hutchinson PJ Outtrim JG Chatfield DA Menon DK 《Critical care (London, England)》2008,12(5):R114
Introduction
The dural sheath surrounding the optic nerve communicates with the subarachnoid space, and distends when intracranial pressure is elevated. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often performed in patients at risk for raised intracranial pressure (ICP) and can be used to measure precisely the diameter of optic nerve and its sheath. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD), as measured using MRI, and ICP. 相似文献44.
45.
目的探讨呼吸重症监护病房(respiratoryintensivecareunit,RICU)中患者出现谵妄的病因。方法对2010—06/2012—06月在作者医院RICU住院期间出现谵妄的患者进行回顾性分析,同期随机抽取相同例数未出现谵妄的患者作为对照组,进行比较分析。结果住院期间出现谵妄的患者共30例,发生率为8.2%(30/362),年龄多在70岁以上,男女无明显差异。南原发病引起的谵妄占53.3%(16/30),其中以肺部感染、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、呼吸衰竭、心力衰竭多见,40%患者需要机械通气。药物因素引起的谵妄占33.3%(10/30),以喹诺酮类、糖皮质激素类、茶碱类药物多见。由个人因素和ICU环境因素引起的谵妄占13.3%(4/30)。与对照组比较,谵妄组病死率无明显增加,但住院时间长[(16±5)d vs.(12±4)d,P〈0.05],住院费用高。结论通过积极处理原发病,去除诱因及有针对性地对患者进行心理疏导,有助于降低RICU谵妄发生率。 相似文献
46.
Josue D. Gonzalez Murcia Cameron Schmutz Caitlin Munger Ammon Perkes Aaron Gustin Michael Peterson Mark T.W. Ebbert Maria C. Norton JoAnn T. Tschanz Ronald G. Munger Christopher D. Corcoran John S.K. Kauwe 《Neurobiology of aging》2013,34(12):2889.e11-2889.e13
Recent studies have identified the rs75932628 (R47H) variant in TREM2 as an Alzheimer's disease risk factor with estimated odds ratio ranging from 2.9 to 5.1. The Cache County Memory Study is a large, population-based sample designed for the study of memory and aging. We genotyped R47H in 2974 samples (427 cases and 2540 control subjects) from the Cache County study using a custom TaqMan assay. We observed 7 heterozygous cases and 12 heterozygous control subjects with an odds ratio of 3.5 (95% confidence interval, 1.3–8.8; p = 0.0076). The minor allele frequency and population attributable fraction for R47H were 0.0029 and 0.004, respectively. This study replicates the association between R47H and Alzheimer's disease risk in a large, population-based sample, and estimates the population frequency and attributable risk of this rare variant. 相似文献
47.
Itshak Melzer Irena Shtilman Noah Rosenblatt Lars IE Oddsson 《Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation》2007,4(1):16-7
Background
The current study investigated the repeatability (test-retest reliability) of ground reaction force parameters recorded during a voluntary step execution under single (motor task) and dual task (motor and cognitive task) conditions for healthy adults and elderly individuals as well as the number of trials required to produce repeatable results. 相似文献48.
49.
Sukernik RI Derbeneva OA Starikovskaya EB Volodko NV Mikhailovskaya IE Bychkov IY Lott M Brown M Wallace D. 《Journal of the peripheral nervous system : JPNS》2002,7(3):211-212
To date, more than 100 point mutations and several hundreds of structural rearrangements of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are known too be connected with characteristic neuromuscular and other mitochondrial syndromes varying from those causing death at the neonatal stage to diseases with late ages of onset. The immediate cause of mitochondrial disorders is a defective oxidative phosphorylation. Wide phenotypic variation and the heteroplasmy phenomenon, which some authors include in mutation load, are characteristic of human mitochondrial diseases. As the numbers of cases identified and pedigrees described increase, data on the genotype-phenotype interaction and the structure and frequency of pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic mtDNA mutations in human populations are rapidly accumulated. The data on the genetics and epidemiology of mitochondrial diseases are not only important for differential diagnosis and genetic counseling. Since both neutral and mildly pathogenic mutations of mtDNA are progressively accumulated in maternal phyletic lines, molecular analysis of these mutations permits not only reconstruction of the genealogical tree of modern humans, but also estimation of the role that these mutations play in natural selection. 相似文献
50.
Folate, vitamin B12, homocysteine status and chromosome damage rate in lymphocytes of older men 总被引:8,自引:1,他引:7
Deficient levels of folic acid and vitamin B12 are associated with elevated
chromosome damage rate and high concentrations of homocysteine in the
blood. We have therefore performed a study to determine the prevalence of
folate deficiency, vitamin B12 deficiency and hyperhomocysteinemia in 64
healthy men aged between 50 and 70 years, and evaluate the relationship of
these micronutrient levels in the blood with the micronucleus frequency in
peripheral blood lymphocytes. We also performed a placebo-controlled,
double-blind intervention study to determine whether supplementation of the
diet with a daily dose of 0.7 mg (as a supplement in cereal) or 2.0 mg (in
a tablet) over a period of 4 months resulted in a significant alteration of
folate status, homocysteine status and the micronucleus index. Twenty-three
per cent of the men were serum folate deficient (<6.8 nmol/l), 16% were
red blood cell folate deficient (<317 nmol/l), 4.7% were vitamin B12
deficient (<150 pmol/l) and 37% has plasma homocysteine levels >10
micromol/l. In total, 56% of the men had one or more abnormal blood values
for folate, vitamin B12 or homocysteine. The micronucleus index of these
men (n = 34) in cytokinesis-blocked binucleated cells (19.2 +/- 1.1) was
significantly elevated (P = 0.02) when compared to the micronucleus index
of the rest of the men who had normal levels of folate, vitamin B12 and
homocysteine (16.3 +/- 1.3, n = 30). Interestingly, the micronucleus index
in men with normal folate and vitamin B12, but homocysteine levels >10
micromol/l (19.4 +/- 1.7, n = 15) was also significantly higher (P = 0.05)
when compared to those with normal folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine.
This novel result was also supported by the observation that the
micronucleus index and plasma homocysteine were significantly (P = 0.0086)
and positively correlated (r2 = 0.172) in those subjects who were not
deficient in folate or vitamin B12. The micronucleus index was not
significantly correlated with folate indices, but there was a significant
(P = 0.013) negative correlation with serum vitamin B12 (r2 = 0.099). Daily
supplementation of the diet with 0.7 mg free folic acid in cereal for 2
months followed by 2.0 mg free folic acid via a tablet produced a 4- fold
increase in plasma folate, a 2.6-fold increase in red blood cell folate and
a 11% reduction in plasma homocysteine; however, these changes were not
accompanied by a reduction in the micronucleus index. In conclusion, it is
apparent that elevated homocysteine status, in the absence of vitamin
deficiency and low, but not deficient, vitamin B12 status are important
risk factors for increased chromosome damage in lymphocytes.
相似文献