尼莫地平控制性降压对犬血流动力学的影响

在健康杂种犬10只中,分别以15、30、45μg/kg 尼莫地平静注行控制性降压,监测平均动脉压和其它血流动力学指标。结果表明,15μg/kg、30μg/kg 和 45μg/kg 静注后,平均动脉压1min 时分别下降19.44％、29.93％和33.60％,45min 恢复对照水平。降压期间除心输出量指数、每搏量指数和总外周阻力指数外,其它各项指标无显著性改变。因此,我们认为尼莫地平可试用于临床控制性降压,其效果有待临床进一步观察。     

DNA限制性内切酶分析应用于伴放线放线杆菌的鉴定和分型

本文用限制性内切酶分析(REA)作伴放线放线杆菌(Aa)的鉴定和分型研究,提取Aa染色体DNA,井分别用BamHI、HindⅢ,Sal Ⅰ和Xho Ⅰ消化,作琼脂糖凝胶电泳。结果显示,Aa和嗜沫嗜血杆菌的DNA片段图谱明显不同;分属于两种不同血清型的两株Aa菌株,其DNA片段图谱也明显不同。这表明,REA可用于Aa菌的鉴定和分型,在所用的4种酶中,以Sal Ⅰ和Xho Ⅰ消化的DNA片段图谱差异最明显。     

8-羟基喹啉-5-磺酸-溴化十六烷基三甲铵荧光法测定水中铝的探讨

作者根据铝与8-羟基喹啉-5-磺酸(H_2QS)和溴化十六烷基三甲铵(CTMAB)的荧光反应,采用930型荧光计,测定水中铝含量在0～1.5μg/ml范围内有良好线性关系。方法的回收率为87.9％～105.0％,变异系数为2.9％～8.9％,铝的最低检出量和最低检出浓度分别为0.3μg和3×10~(-2)μg/ml。此法适于饮水和天然水中铝含量测定,具有灵敏、准确、所需仪器简单的特点。     

Arterial effects of salt restriction in hypertensive patients. A 9-week, randomized, double-blind, crossover study.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the hemodynamic effects of a moderately low-salt diet in a 9-week, randomized, double-blind, crossover study in 20 hypertensive, ambulatory patients. METHODS: All subjects followed a 9-week, low-salt diet. During this period, they received capsules containing either lactose or salt in 4-week treatment periods, separated by a 1-week washout period. Hemodynamic and biological parameters were evaluated on the day of randomization and at the end of weeks 4 and 9. We defined a low-sodium diet (LSD) as a salt-restriction period with lactose capsules, and a normal-sodium diet (NSD) as a salt-restriction period with capsular salt supplementation. RESULTS: Blood pressure was significantly lower during LSD compared with NSD. This fall in blood pressure was associated with a decrease in peripheral resistance in carotid and forearm circulation. Brachial artery diameter was larger during LSD whereas carotid artery diameter remained unchanged. The changes in brachial artery were: (1) not related to blood pressure changes; (2) positively related to age, and (3) negatively correlated with baseline intracellular sodium content. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that moderate low-salt restriction is capable of decreasing blood pressure and peripheral resistance in carotid and forearm circulation. The increase in brachial, but not carotid, artery diameter following salt restriction suggests a difference in salt dependence among different arteries.     

寰椎变异的观测 Ⅰ.中国人寰椎后桥和侧桥的观测

本文对300个寰椎的后桥和侧桥的存在情况作了观察。其中129个寰椎(43.0％)有后部分桥,22个寰椎(7.3％)有后完整桥;34个寰椎有侧部分桥(11.3％),16个寰椎(5.3％)有侧完整桥。经统计学检验,在左右侧后完整桥及左右侧侧完整桥间均无显著性差异。对寰椎横突孔、后弧孔及侧弧孔内径的测量显示,绝大部分后弧孔(92.0％)较同侧横突孔小,且右横突孔与右后弧孔间存在高度显著性差异(P<0.01)。此外,还测量了两种完整骨桥的宽度,探讨了狭小后弧孔对正常椎动脉机能的可能影响,分析了文献中关于寰椎桥的起源。     

按摩加TDP照射治疗小儿周围性面瘫30例

周围性面瘫是以口眼歪斜为主要临床表现的疾病，任何年龄均可发病，临床治疗方法很多。由于小儿年龄的特殊性，针刺等治疗方法不易接受。本人自1989年至今采用手法按摩配合TDP照射治疗本病患者30例，效果满意，现报告如下。     

儿科用药的一些新观念

1背景资料自从1928年弗来明发明了青霉素,治愈了千百万各种细菌性感染的病人,使人类社会欣喜若狂,然而随着这个代表医学界里程碑式革命的发明的延续,以及随后产生的各式各样抗生素,而且品种规格愈来愈高级,每年要耗费数百亿美元,使应用抗生素成了许多医生第一本领,很难想象离开了抗生素,医生将如何工作。应用抗生素已有50多年历史,其结果是带来人菌大战,新的抗生素不断产生,细菌为了求生存对抗生素产生了耐药性,这种耐药性可以质粒遗传给细菌后代。细菌产生耐药性的速度是惊人的,有时超过抗生素的发展。人菌大战胜者是谁,尚难定论。抗生素的…     

经蝶窦入路手术切除垂体腺瘤

目的:探讨采用经蝶窦入路手术切除垂体腺瘤的临床疗效.方法:1990年3月至2002年12月采用经蝶窦入路手术切除垂体腺瘤493例(微腺瘤93例,大腺瘤301例,巨大腺瘤99例),其中经唇下-鼻中隔入路345例,经鼻小柱-鼻中隔入路99例,经单鼻孔入路49例.结果:肿瘤全切除269例(54.6％),次全切除117例(23.7％),部分切除107例(21.7％);术后视力及视野改善者占86.7％(268/309),内分泌指标改善者占73.8％(259/351),出现并发症43例(8.7％).结论:经蝶窦手术切除垂体腺瘤是安全有效的;大型垂体腺瘤可以采用分次经蝶窦手术治疗.     

垂体瘤的分子生物学研究进展

垂体瘤来源于垂体前叶细胞,是常见的颅内肿瘤.它因其细胞增殖及内分泌特性而表现出各种的生物学行为.以往,对于垂体瘤的研究主要集中在组织学和超微结构上;随着分子生物学的发展对垂体瘤的认识已有了很大的提高.本文从染色体变异、癌基因及抑癌基因的突变、转基因动物模型及基因治疗等方面综述了垂体瘤分子生物学方面研究的进展.     

大鼠摄入铝,氟及其不同比例混合物后血和骨中铝氟含量分析

Wistar rats were divided into 8 groups:control, 300 ppm F, 130 ppm F, 300 ppm Al, 1200 ppm Al, 130 ppm Al + 130 ppm F. 300 ppm Al + 300 ppm F and 1200 ppm Al + 300 ppm F. The chemicals were mixed into the standard diet. The animals were fed on the diets for 12 weeks. Contents of F, Al, Ca and P in the blood (or serum) and humerus were determined at the end of 12 weeks. The results showed that the level of F in the blood and bone in the unadulterated F group was increased, especially F in the bone reached a level more than 10 times that of the control. In the 3 mixture groups, blood F and bone F were lowered, while blood F was restored to normal level, but bone F was not nevertheless, the results showed that Al was in antagonism to the absorption of F. In the unadulterated Al groups, blood and bone Al did not parallel with the amount of Al administered. The level of Al in the median Al group was higher than that of the high Al group. Taking the level of blood and bone Al as a measure, when different doses of Al were administered with F, in the low and median dosage of Al, F was in antagonism to Al absorption, but in case of high dosage of Al, F was in potentiation to Al absorption. In all the experimental groups serum P was elevated, but serum Ca was not disturbed. Bone Ca and P were decreased only in the 3 groups with unadulterated F as well as unadulterated and adulterated high dosage of Al. Mechanism of the nonlinearity of Al absorption vs Al dosage, as well as the dual effect of F on the absorption of Al was proposed.