新时代下医学影像本科人才培养模式的改革与实践

新时代下医学模式发生极大转变，对医学影像技术人才知识、素质、能力等方面也提出了更高的要求。培养适应学科发展、德才兼备、具有国际竞争力的高素质人才已成为影像技术教育面临的重大课题。天津医科大学充分利用学校医学影像学学科临床、科研优势带动影像技术学科发展，对影像技术人才培养模式进行了改革与实践，取得了较好的效果。     

硫唑嘌呤在胰腺癌动物模型制作中的应用

目的筛选建立胰腺癌动物模型最适合成瘤的硫唑嘌呤(AZA)浓度。方法将40只SD大鼠按照AZA浓度的不同分为5组:空白对照组(A组)、2.6mg/kg AZA组(B组)、2.2mg/kg AZA组(C组)、1.8mg/kg AZA组(D组)、1.4mg/kgAZA组(E组),每组8只。A组每天灌服2mL生理盐水,B、C、D、E组每天灌服相应浓度的AZA生理盐水液2mL。第30天后进行SD大鼠皮下移植Mia PACAⅡ胰腺癌细胞悬液,通过检测大鼠血浆CA24-2和制作胰腺组织病理切片的方法来判断其是否成瘤。结果接种胰腺癌细胞后的第15、20、25、30天,各造模组大鼠血中的CA24-2水平均有不同程度的升高,其中B组在移植后的第15、20、25、30天,体内CA24-2水平分别为(51.56±2.14)、(51.61±1.21)、(54.66±1.02)、(56.00±0.38)U/mL,与C、D、E组比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),且成瘤率最高,为83.3%。此外,胰腺病理切片镜下显示细胞核畸形、细胞大小不等,可见双核细胞及1～2个核仁,细胞核大且深染等病理特征,同时发现在移植部位的淋巴结和胰腺周围的淋巴结肿大。结论当AZA浓度为2.6mg/kg时,最有利于制作大鼠胰腺癌模型。     

MRI成像对子宫内膜癌侵犯肌层的评估

目的探讨MRI对子宫内膜癌肌层浸润深度的评估价值。方法回顾性分析67例经分段刮宫并施行手术治疗的子宫内膜癌患者MRI表现,并与术后病理结果进行对照。结果 MRI判断子宫内膜癌局限于内膜、浸润浅肌层、浸润深肌层及浸透浆膜层的准确性分别为92.5%、80.5%、88.0%、80.5%。结论磁共振可多方位、多序列、多角度成像,对软组织有较高分辨率,对准确判断子宫内膜癌肌层有无浸润具有明显优势。     

A meta-analysis of the secondary fractures for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures after percutaneous vertebroplasty

To identify the risk factors of the secondary fractures for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures (OVCFs) after percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP).We conducted a search of relevant articles using Cochrane Library, PubMed, Medline, Science Direct, Embase, the Web of Science and other databases. The time range we retrieved from establishment of the electronic database to November 2017. Gray studies were found in the references of included literature reports. STATA version 11.0 (Stata Corporation, College Station, Texas) was used to analyze the pooled data.Fourteen studies involving 1910 patients, 395 of whom had fracture secondary to the surgery were included in this meta-analysis. The result of meta-analyses showed the risk factors of the secondary fractures for OVCFs after PVP was related to bone mineral density (BMD) [95%CI (−0.650, −0.164), SMD=−0.407, P=.001], cement leakage ((RR=0.596, 95%CI (0.444,0.798), P = .001)), and kyphosis after primary operation ((SMD=0.741, 95%CI (0.449,1.032), P = .000)), but not to gender, age, body mass index, cement volume, thoracolumbar spine, and cement injection approaches.Bone mineral density, cement leakage, and kyphosis after primary operation are the risk factors closely correlative to the secondary fracture after PVP. There have not been enough evidences to support the association between the secondary fracture and gender, age, body mass index, cement volume, thoracolumbar spine, and cement injection approaches.     

深度融合教育本质的教务系统案例解析

本文从剖析教务管理系统种种现状困境出发，导引出教务系统设计应遵循的教育核心本质。指出教育、教学、教务和谐共存的方向应该是管理、支持、服务的生态化发展。     

Iodine-125 brachytherapy alone for advanced primary parotid gland carcinoma

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of iodine-125 (¹²⁵I) brachytherapy alone for the treatment of advanced parotid gland carcinoma and to identify predictors of tumour control and patient survival. Primary parotid gland carcinoma patients (n = 23) treated with ¹²⁵I brachytherapy alone between 1 October 2005 and 31 July 2013 at Peking University Stomatology Hospital were enrolled in this retrospective study. All had clinical stage IV disease. The prescribed dose was 60–160 Gy. The local control rate, survival rate, and predictors of the prognosis were evaluated. Adverse events related to treatment were also noted. The average follow-up time was 29 months (range 9–74 months). Among the 23 patients, six had local failure and 11 died during the follow-up period. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival rates were 87.0%, 55.4%, and 47.5%, respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year progression-free survival rates were 73.9%, 47.0%, and 39.2%, respectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year local control rates were 82.1%, 73.9%, and 73.9%, respectively. Age and distant metastasis were independent predictors of survival, while the preoperative duration of the disease was an independent predictor of local control. The use of ¹²⁵I seed brachytherapy alone for the treatment of primary parotid gland carcinoma can provide good short-term results without causing any severe side effects.