胰岛素抵抗与心血管产现危险因素聚集性关系研究

The coexistence of multiple cardiovascular risk factors in the same individual is called a clustering of cardiovascular risk factors. Many studies have shown that this phenomenoa is associated with a increased morbility of cardiovascular disease, and insulin resistance may be the common link between the risk factors. This study was designed to link the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors with insulin resistance. Using a new insulin sensitivity index [-log (fasting serum Glu x Ins)] to evaluate the insulin resistance, we investigated the relationship between the insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular risk factors in 106 patients with hypertension or coronary heart disease and 32 normal subjects. The normal group without cardiovascular risk factors was selected as controls. The individual with 2 risk factors were defined as having mild clustering, and those with > or = 3 risk factors as severe clustering. As the number of risk factors increased from 1 to > or = 3, the insulin sensitivity index increased from -1.69 +/- 0.24, -1.95 +/- 0.17 to -2.14 +/- 0.21 respectively. The insulin resistance was positively correlated with serum uric acid in women (P < 0.05), but not in men (P > 0.05). The insulin sensitivity was more decreased in postmenopausal than in pre-menopausal women. The insulin sensitivity index was -2.23 +/- 0.39 vs -1.73 +/- 0.13 (P < 0.05). The insulin resistance is associated with a clustering of risk factors of cardiovascular disease, more cluste-ring, more resistant.     

Effect of Central Muscarine Receptor Blockade with DKJ-21 on the Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Stress-Induced Hypertensive Rats

Da-Nian Zhu, Long-Mei Xue, Peng Li. Effect of central muscarine receptor blockade. with DKJ-21 on the blood pressure and heart rote in stress-induced hypertensive rats.

The experiments were performed on Wistar or Sprague-Dawley rats of both sexes divided at random into stress and control groups. The rats in the stress groups were put into cages and subjected to electric foot-shocks and noises for 9-15 days, which caused an increase in blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). In hypertensive rats DKJ-21 (4mg/lml) was injected intravenously (i.v.), and 0.5-1.0h after administration the BP and HR dropped from the high level to normotensive level. In normotensive rats, however, administration of DKJ-21 had no effect on BP or HR. In separate groups of normotensive rats, pretreatment of DKJ-21 (4 mg/l ml, i.v.) blocked the pressor and tachycardiac effect induced by microinjection of physostigmine (0.4μg/0.1 /μl/site), corticosterone (40μg/0.1μl/site) or aldosterone (40 μg/0.1 μl/site) into the rostral ventrolateral medulla (rVLM). Furthermore, DKJ-21 also attenuated the enhancement of the pressor response to stimulation of the defense area in the midbrain, which was induced by microinjection of drugs (mentioned above) into the rVLM. These results indicate that i.v. DKJ-21 can selectively block the muscarinic receptors in the rVLM in stress-induced hypertensive rats, which suggests that abnormal enhancement of cholinergic mechanism in the rVLM may be related to hypertensive effects of corticoids in this area.     

手术治疗外展外旋力所致踝关节骨折

手术治疗外展外旋力引起的踝关节骨折３５例，平均随访２年半，满意率为８８．６％。效果不佳者与软组织损伤严重和关节软骨受损有关。恢复腓骨的长度对防止距骨移位与倾斜十分重要。用钢板固定外踝时要使其下端适应腓骨下段的外翻角。下胫腓联合不论是完全还是不全分离，都应用螺钉固定，以增加踝关节稳定性，早期练习活动。三角韧带断裂时，只要腓骨解剖复位与坚强固定，三角韧带可不予修复。对小于胫骨远端关节面２５％的后踝骨折可不予处理。     

羊水细胞培养宫内诊断的应用(附120例分析)

报告120例羊膜腔穿刺羊水细胞培养结果:在成功的99例中,发现二例染色体异常,核型为47,xy,+18和46,xx/47,xx,+F,在21例失败中出现一例眼球畸形。培养成功率为82.5%;染色体异常检出率为2.02%。无一例因羊膜腔穿刺而导致流产,但出现一例轻度羊水栓塞合并症。并对羊水细胞培养在产前宫内诊断中应用价值及术后并发症进行了讨论。     

The dynamic distribution of nitric oxide synthase in the small intestine of mice with intestinal radiation sickness

ＴｈｅｄｙｎａｍｉｃｄｉｓｔｒｉｂｕｔｉｏｎｏｆｎｉｔｒｉｃｏｘｉｄｅｓｙｎｔｈａｓｅｉｎｔｈｅｓｍａｌｌｉｎｔｅｓｔｉｎｅｏｆｍｉｃｅｗｉｔｈｉｎｔｅｓｔｉｎａｌｒａｄｉａｔｉｏｎｓｉｃｋｎｅｓｓＷｅｉＬｉｃｈｕｎ（魏丽春）；ＧｕｏＹａｏ（郭鹞）（...     

人腭扁桃体隐窝上皮结构的研究

采用扫描电镜、透射电镜及光镜免疫金银法观察了31例慢性扁桃体炎患者和8例胎儿的扁桃体隐窝上皮结构及其中细胞的分布。电镜观察发现隐窝上皮表面存在三种类型微隐窝开口,其腔内有浸润细胞、异物及细菌。有三种特化上皮细胞(M细胞)覆盖于Ⅲ型微隐窝开口处,其结构与肠道M细胞相似,其数量随扁桃体炎的反复发作而减少。形态表明微隐窝是浸润细胞和外来抗原的出入口。M细胞与抗原的摄取及传递有关。光镜免疫金银法观察证明上皮浸润细胞中多数为OKT_s~+细胞,其中OKT_4~+者又占多数而OKT_s~+细胞较少,这些细胞是隐窝上皮参于免疫应答的结构基础。     

股骨头缺血性坏死的CT诊断

本文报告了19例股骨头缺血性坏死的CT及多平面重建和三维CT成像表现,并探讨其对术前病变评估的价值,在显示Ⅱ期病变时CT明显优于平片,多平面重建有利于发现股骨头塌陷、关节间隙改变和髋臼改变,三维CT可作为一种补充检查手段。     

Replacement of cholesterol gallstones by murideoxycholyl taurine gallstones in prairie dogs fed murideoxycholic acid

The effect of two hydrophilic bile acids, murideoxycholic acid (3 alpha,6 beta-dihydroxy-5 beta-cholanoic acid) and ursodeoxycholic acid, on cholesterol and bile acid metabolism and hepatic pathology and gallstone composition was studied in the prairie dog. Cholesterol gallstones were induced by feeding a diet containing 1.2% cholesterol for 75 days. The animals were divided into six groups, and gallstone regression was studied as follows: groups 2 and 5, chow plus 0.2% cholesterol; groups 3 and 6, chow plus 0.2% cholesterol plus 0.15% ursodeoxycholic acid; groups 4 and 7, chow plus 0.2% cholesterol plus 0.15% murideoxycholic acid. Animals in groups 2 to 4 were killed after an additional 6 wk; animals in groups 5 to 7 were killed after an additional 12 wk. Gallstone dissolution did not occur in any group. The gallstones in groups 2, 3, 5 and 6 were typical cholesterol aggregates, as determined by polarized light microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry. The gallstones of the murideoxycholic acid group were large, solitary, dark stones that appeared radiopaque under 22 kVp x-ray examination. Scanning electron microscopy showed that in these stones the cholesterol crystals had been replaced by an amorphous material, both within the stone and on the stone surface. Chemical analysis indicated that at the end of 12 wk the calcium/sodium salt of the taurine conjugate of murideoxycholic acid (murideoxycholyl taurine) comprised 70% of the stones; protein, cholesterol and small amounts of other bile salts were also present. In vitro studies confirmed the insolubility of the sodium and calcium salts of murideoxycholyl taurine. These studies indicate that the hydrophilic bile acids, murideoxycholic acid and ursodeoxycholic acid, did not achieve gallstone dissolution under the conditions used. In the animals fed murideoxycholic acid, an insoluble calcium salt of murideoxycholyl taurine replaced cholesterol as the major constituent of gallbladder stones. This is the first example of an insoluble dihydroxy taurine-conjugated bile acid; administration of the unconjugated bile acid induced precipitation of a kind of gallstone not previously reported. The final result was transformation of cholesterol stones to bile salt stones.     

福州市区蚊虫孳生习性调查分析

目的:探讨福州城区蚊虫孳生习性与分布现状。方法:调查不同环境孳生地种类与分布,捕捞幼虫计数密度（条/勺）,以人工小时诱捕蚊数计算刺叮率（只/h.m）。结果:调查各类水体 33种 16257处,发现阳性水体32种45522处,阳性率27.8％。建筑工地、高层建筑地下层积水池、开放式排水沟和下水道口等环境积水是城区致倦库蚊的主要孳生环境,建筑工地积水池最高幼虫密度1065～2342条/勺,成蚊刺叮率141.5只/h.m,是普通居民区的16.2倍。白纹伊蚊的孳生环境多达28种,主要为建筑工地和高层建筑地下层水泥池、阳台积水和水缸、桶类、轮胎等容器型积水。结论:城市蚊虫孳生环境与50～60年代明显不同,建筑工地、高层建筑地下层、阳台等建筑类积水和花圃蓄水缸成为现代都市蚊虫重要的孳生环境。     

胚胎脊髓细胞悬液植入急性成年大鼠损伤脊髓

目的：建立胚胎脊髓细胞悬液移植于脊髓损伤模型，以评价其治疗脊髓损伤的可能性。方法：４２只Ｗｉｓｔａｒ大鼠以改良Ａｌｅｎ法（５０ｇｃｍ）打击脊髓，３天后将孕１４天（Ｅ１４）ＦＳＣＳ２０μｌ植入损伤空腔，移植后２、４、６、８、１０、１２周，以光、电镜、免疫组织化学观察移植物存活、分化及其与宿主之间关系。结果：移植细胞逐渐长大。充满不规则空腔，宿主ＮＦ、５－ＨＴ、ＣＧＲＰ纤维分别出现于移植物，ＧＦＡＰ纤维于宿主移植物交界处适量存在。移植成神经细胞、成少突胶质细胞、成星形细胞的细胞器日渐完善，细胞功能活跃。复杂及多样突触与细胞连接，将上述细胞与神经纤维、胶质纤维、毛细血管网在三维空间内连接成一体，并与宿主紧密嵌合。结论：（１）成年大鼠脊髓损伤３天后植入ＦＳＣＳ可以存活。（２）移植物进入宿主后，出现再分布，继而器官样分化。（３）长、短传导束进入移植物，显示了移植物的桥作用。（４）成少突胶质细胞的神经营救作用。（５）移植区内出现多种突触，提示移植物中继作用的可能性。