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141.
Adverse drug reactions related to amoxicillin alone and in association with clavulanic acid: data from spontaneous reporting in Italy 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Salvo F Polimeni G Moretti U Conforti A Leone R Leoni O Motola D Dusi G Caputi AP 《The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy》2007,60(1):121-126
OBJECTIVES: To analyse an Italian database of spontaneous reporting of suspected adverse drug reactions in order to compare the safety profile of amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. METHODS: Data were retrieved from the spontaneous reports collected by six Italian regions (the GIF database) from January 1988 to June 2005. Drug utilization data were also available for the two drugs. The comparison between amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid was made using the chi(2) or Student's t-test, when appropriate. Disproportionality in reporting of adverse events was assessed using reporting odds ratio methodology. RESULTS: Up to June 2005, the GIF database collected 37 906 reports, of which 1088 were related to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and 1095 to amoxicillin. The percentage of skin reactions was statistically higher for amoxicillin (82%) than for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (76%); on the contrary, the percentage of gastrointestinal, hepatic and haematological reactions was significantly higher for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (13%, 4% and 2%, respectively) than for amoxicillin (7%, 1% and 1%, respectively). Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid seems to be associated with a higher risk of Stevens-Johnson syndrome, purpura and hepatitis than amoxicillin alone. In particular, the reporting rate of hepatitis is on average 9-fold higher for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid than for amoxicillin. CONCLUSIONS: Analysis shows a different safety profile for the two selected drugs. The combination of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid has been increasingly used in Italy and now represents the most frequently antibiotic prescribed by Italian general practitioners. Given the documented level of inappropriate use of beta-lactams in Italy, these results should be taken into account by physicians before prescribing amoxicillin/clavulanic acid to patients. 相似文献
142.
Jacopo Olivieri Federico Mosna Matteo Pelosini Angelo Fama Sara Rattotti Margherita Giannoccaro Giuseppe Carli Maria Chiara Tisi Simone Ferrero Nicola Sgherza Anna Maria Mazzone Dario Marino Teresa Calimeri Giacomo Loseto Francesco Saraceni Gabriella Tomei Simona Sica Giulia Perali Francesco Zaja 《Biology of blood and marrow transplantation》2018,24(9):1814-1822
BEAM (carmustine [bis-chloroethylnitrosourea (BCNU)]-etoposide-cytarabine-melphalan) chemotherapy is the standard conditioning regimen for autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in lymphomas. Owing to BCNU shortages, many centers switched to fotemustine-substituted BEAM (FEAM), lacking proof of equivalence. We conducted a retrospective cohort study in 18 Italian centers to compare the safety and efficacy of BEAM and FEAM regimens for ASCT in lymphomas performed from 2008 to 2015. We enrolled 1038 patients (BEAM =?607, FEAM =?431), of which 27% had Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), 14% indolent non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and 59% aggressive NHL. Baseline characteristics including age, sex, stage, B-symptoms, extranodal involvement, previous treatments, response before ASCT, and overall conditioning intensity were well balanced between BEAM and FEAM; notable exceptions were median ASCT year (BEAM?=?2011 versus FEAM?=?2013, P?<?.001), Sorror score ≥3 (BEAM?=?15% versus FEAM?=?10%, P?=?.017), and radiotherapy use (BEAM?=?18% versus FEAM?=?10%, P?<?.001). FEAM conditioning resulted in higher rates of gastrointestinal and infectious toxicities, including severe oral mucositis grade ≥3 (BEAM?=?31% versus FEAM?=?44%, P?<?.001), and sepsis from Gram-negative bacteria (mean isolates/patient: BEAM?=?.1 versus FEAM?=?.19, P?<?.001). Response status at day 100 post-ASCT (overall response: BEAM?=?91% versus FEAM?=?88%, P?=?.42), 2-year overall survival (83.9%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 81.5% to 86.1%) and progression-free survival (70.3%; 95% CI, 67.4% to 73.1%) were not different in the two groups. Mortality from infection was higher in the FEAM group (subhazard ratio, 1.99; 95% CI, 1.02 to 3.88; P?=?.04). BEAM and FEAM do not appear different in terms of survival and disease control. However, due to concerns of higher toxicity, fotemustine substitution in BEAM does not seem justified, if not for easier supply. 相似文献
143.
Jaume Tur Martínez Patrizio Petrone Alexander Axelrad Corrado P. Marini 《Cirugía espa?ola》2018,96(7):443-449
Introduction
TEG provides an in-vivo assessment of viscoelastic clot strength in whole blood compared with CCT, which may not reflect the influence of platelets. The aim of this study was to compare TEG vs. CCT in trauma patients stratified by mechanism of injury (MOI) and pre-existing coagulation status.Methods
A retrospective, observational study of 230 polytrauma patients admitted to a University Hospital Level 1 Trauma Center, with TEG and CCT on admission stratified by MOI: multiple trauma (MT), isolated traumatic brain injury (TBI) or MT+TBI. Statistical analysis included correlation between TEG and CCT in all groups and a subgroup analysis of anticoagulated patients. Data were analyzed with ANOVA, Spearman and lineal regression when appropriate. Statistical significance was accepted at P<0.05.Results
TEG was normal in 28.7%, hypercoagulable in 68.3%, hypocoagulable in 7%. There was no difference in TEG status among the groups. The coagulation status was not affected by age, ISS or shock. The CCT were abnormal in 63.6% of patients with normal TEG. Normal or hypercoagulable-TEG was found in 21/23 patients on Coumadin who had elevated INR and in 10/11 patients on NOAC. An analysis of the 23 patients on Coumadin stratified by INR showed a normal or hypercoagulable-TEG in 21/23 patients. Only 2 patients had a hypocoagulable-TEG. Mortality was 5.2% (58.3% severe TBI).Conclusions
TEG is more useful than CCT in polytrauma patients, including patients on anticoagulants. TBI could increase the incidence of hypercoagulability in trauma. CCT are not useful from the standpoint of treatment. 相似文献144.
Patrizio Petrone Cristina Magadán Álvarez D’Andrea Joseph Lee Cartagena Fahd Ali Collin E.M. Brathwaite 《Cirugía espa?ola》2018,96(5):250-259
Traumatic retroperitoneal injuries constitute a challenge for trauma surgeons. They usually occur in the context of a trauma patient with multiple associated injuries, in whom invasive procedures have an important role in the diagnosis of these injuries. The retroperitoneum is the anatomical region with the highest mortality rates, therefore early diagnosis and treatment of these lesions acquire special relevance. The aim of this study is to present current published scientific evidence regarding incidence, mechanism of injury, diagnostic methods and treatment through a review of the international literature from the last 70 years. In conclusion, this systematic review showed an increasing trend towards non-surgical management of retroperitoneal injuries. 相似文献
145.
146.
147.
Alessandro Nini Umberto Capitanio Alessandro Larcher Paolo Dell’Oglio Federico Dehò Nazareno Suardi Fabio Muttin Cristina Carenzi Massimo Freschi Roberta Lucianò Giovanni La Croce Alberto Briganti Renzo Colombo Andrea Salonia Alessandro Castiglioni Patrizio Rigatti Francesco Montorsi Roberto Bertini 《European urology》2018,73(5):793-799
Background
Radical nephrectomy (RN) and caval thrombectomy (CT) for renal cell carcinoma, with extracorporeal circulation (ECC) and deep hypothermic circulatory arrest (DHCA) is a challenging surgical approach.Objective
To assess peri-operative and oncologic outcomes of renal cell carcinoma patients treated with RN and CT, using ECC and DHCA.Design, setting, and participants
We retrospectively evaluated 46 patients who underwent RN and CT using ECC and DHCA.Surgical procedure
After retroperitoneal nodal dissection and RN, a cardiopulmonary bypass was placed and DHCA achieved. A combined approach through the abdomen and the thorax was described.Measurements
Perioperative and long-term survival outcomes were reported.Results and limitations
Median operative time and length of hospital stay were 545 min and 22 d. Overall, 33 patients (72%) did not require any additional interventional or surgical treatment. Thirty-day and 90-d mortality were 11% (5/46) and 15% (7/46). The 1-yr, 2-yr, and 3-yr cancer specific mortality (CSM)-free survival rates were 77%, 62%, and 56%, respectively. After stratification, according to metastatic status at diagnosis, CSM-free survival rates were significantly lower for cM1 patients compared with cM0 patients (1-yr 46% vs 93%, 2-yr 23% vs 81%, 3-yr 23% vs 73%, p < 0.01). Our study is limited by its retrospective and uncomparative nature.Conclusions
RN with CT using ECC and DHCA is a challenging procedure which requires a dedicated multidisciplinary working team to minimise complications and maximise patients’ outcomes.Patient summary
Patients with kidney cancer and a thrombus within the inferior vena cava, which reaches above the diaphragm, can be treated with surgery. However, this kind of surgical treatment is challenging and requires a dedicated multidisciplinary team in order to accomplish the task. 相似文献148.
Effect of lung volume reduction surgery for severe emphysema on right ventricular function 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
Mineo TC Pompeo E Rogliani P Dauri M Turani F Bollero P Magliocchetti N 《American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine》2002,165(4):489-494
Lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) can improve the functional capacity of selected patients with severe emphysema. Hypothesized physiologic effects of LVRS include an improvement in right ventricular function, although this has not been investigated in detail. To help clarify this issue, we used fast-thermistor thermodilution at rest and during submaximal upright exercise in 12 patients, before and 6 mo after bilateral LVRS. Preoperatively, all patients had severe airflow obstruction, with a mean FEV(1) of 0.69 L and an RV-to-TLC ratio of 0.67. Six months after LVRS, significant improvements occurred in respiratory function measures (+0.39 L in FEV(1), p < 0.002; and +/- 0.15 in RV/TLC ratio, p < 0.002) and in right ventricular function indexes measured at rest (+0.21 L in cardiac index [CI], p < 0.01; and +3.0 ml in stroke volume, p < 0.01) and during exercise (+0.9 L in CI, p < 0.002; +10.0 ml in stroke volume index, p < 0.002; and +20% in ejection fraction [EF], p < 0.002). A significant correlation was found between pre- to postoperative changes in the EF response to exercise and changes in the RV/TLC ratio (R = -0.68; p = 0.01). We conclude that a significant improvement in right ventricular performance, particularly during exercise, can occur 6 mo after bilateral LVRS. 相似文献
149.
Liliana Ruta Diego Mugno Valentina Genitori D’Arrigo Benedetto Vitiello Luigi Mazzone 《European child & adolescent psychiatry》2010,19(1):17-24
The objective of this study is to examine the occurrence and characteristic features of obsessive–compulsive behaviours in
children and adolescents with Asperger syndrome (AS), with respect to a matched obsessive compulsive disorder group (OCD)
and a typically developing control group (CG). For this purpose, 60 subjects (20 OCD; 18 AS; 22 CG), aged 8–15 years, matched
for age, gender and IQ were compared. AS and OCD patients were diagnosed according to the DSM-IV-TR criteria. The Autism Diagnostic Interview-Revised and the Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule were used to assist in the AS diagnosis; the WISC-R was administered to assess IQ. Obsessive and compulsive symptoms were
evaluated by using the Children’s Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS). None of the AS children received a formal diagnosis of OCD. The AS group presented significantly higher frequencies
of Hoarding obsessions and Repeating, Ordering and Hoarding compulsions compared to CG. The OCD group, in turn, reported significantly higher frequencies of Contamination and Aggressive obsessions and Checking compulsions compared to both the AS group and CG. As expected, the OCD group displayed a higher severity of symptoms (Moderate level of severity) than did the AS group (Mild level of severity). Finally, in our sample, neither the OCD group nor the AS group demonstrated a completely full awareness
of the intrusive, unreasonable and distressing nature of symptoms, and the level of insight did not differ between the OCD group and CG, although an absence of insight was observed in the AS group. Children with AS showed higher frequencies of obsessive and compulsive symptoms than did typically
developing children, and these features seem to cluster around Hoarding behaviours. Additionally, different patterns of symptoms emerged between the OCD and AS groups. Finally, in our sample, the
level of insight was poor in both the OCD and the AS children. Further research should be conducted to better understand the
characteristics of repetitive thoughts and behaviours in autism spectrum disorders, and to clarify the underlying neurobiological
basis of these symptoms. 相似文献
150.
Annunziata Faustini Paola Colais Emanuele Fabrizi Anna Maria Bargagli Marina Davoli Domenico Di Lallo Anteo Di Napoli Patrizio Pezzotti Chiara Sorge Rita Grillo Carla Maresca Olga Recchia Carlo A Perucci 《BMC infectious diseases》2010,10(1):1-13