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51.
52.
Alexandre Castro-Caldas Paul Delwaide Wolfgang Jost Marcelo Merello Adrian Williams Paolo Lamberti Miguel Aguilar Susanna Del Signore Pierre Cesaro 《Movement disorders》2006,21(4):500-509
Dopamine agonists have been recommended as early treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD), alone or combined with levodopa. Piribedil is a non-ergot selective D(2)/D(3) agonist with alpha(2) antagonist properties shown to be effective in the treatment of PD. This 12-month international, randomized, double-blind trial aimed to assess the efficacy of piribedil 150 mg versus bromocriptine 25 mg, in early combination with levodopa in Stage I to III PD patients. Motor efficacy was assessed using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS III, Items 18-31) as improvement from baseline. Response rate was defined as a 30% improvement. Among the 425 randomly assigned patients, 178 were also included in a substudy on cognitive follow-up evaluated by a dysexecutive syndrome oriented battery. A relevant improvement in UPDRS III over the 12-month study duration was observed both in the piribedil and bromocriptine groups (-7.9 +/- 9.7 points from baseline versus -8.0 +/- 9.5; not significant [n.s.]) with a response rate of 58.4% and 55.3% (n.s.), respectively. Piribedil and bromocriptine resulted in similar improvement on all UPDRS III subscores. Piribedil patients required less levodopa dose increase than those on bromocriptine. Cognitive performance remained generally unchanged in both groups, with a significant effect of piribedil limited to the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. An overall good tolerability of piribedil was observed. Early combination of piribedil 150 mg with levodopa resulted in significant long-term improvement of all motor symptoms in PD patients insufficiently controlled by levodopa alone. Taking into account both efficacy and acceptability in the long-term, piribedil proved in this bromocriptine controlled study to be an effective and safe treatment for PD. 相似文献
53.
A case of partially reversible chronic renal failure due tolong-term NSAID use is discussed. An analysis of this and similarcases recently reported indicates many similarities betweenchronic NSAID nephropathy and analgesic nephropathy. 相似文献
54.
R Rossi A P Tommaselli N Panza M R Ghiggi G Rezza M Giuliani B Suligoi R De Mercato G Lombardi 《Journal of endocrinological investigation》1992,15(11):849-852
A case of Cushing's syndrome in a 24-yr-old homosexual with an AIDS-related complex is reported. In this patient certain symptoms common to both diseases, i.e. weakness, myalgia and muscle atrophy were accentuated, whereas other symptoms pathognomic of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, i.e. lymphoadenopathies and weight loss, were less pronounced by the high levels of circulating adrenal steroids. Ketoconazole was administered po in order to block adrenal steroidogenesis, the drug caused a remarkable fall of cortisol serum concentrations, but was unable to modify significantly the immunological pattern of the patient. Our data suggest that changes of serum adrenal steroid levels have little effect on the immune network of patients with AIDS. 相似文献
55.
F lix F. Cruz-Sanchez Marco L. Rossi Adriana Cardozo Ana Picardo E. Tolosa 《Journal of the neurological sciences》1992,110(1-2):228-231
The grumose degeneration observed in the dentate nuclei of 7 cases of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) was studied with a panel of antibodies which included 2 neurofilaments, Tau and ubiquitin. Dentate nucleus neurons were negative with all antibodies except ubiquitin which showed a slightly positive homogeneous pattern of staining. The amorphous material surrounding swollen or normal neurons was strongly positive for neurofilament and subunits and numerous torpedoes were observed in the granular layer of the cerebellar cortex. Our results confirm that grumose degeneration consists in degeneration of terminal axons of Purkinje cells in the dentate nucleus. The positivity of dentate nucleus neurons for ubiquitin may support the concept of synaptic dysfunction between Purkinje cells and dentate nucleus neurons. 相似文献
56.
It is well known that the number of follicles in the mammalian ovary decreases with age. In light of previous data from this laboratory showing age-related alterations in the secretion and production of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in rats by 5-6 months of age, one objective of the present study was to determine if alterations in FSH secretion were accompanied by changes in the number of antral follicles. A second objective of this study was to determine whether or not interruption of cyclic activity by continuous progesterone (P) treatment could decelerate age-associated changes in FSH secretion possibly by retarding the depletion of follicles through ovulation. For this study, one group of 4-day cycling, 7-week-old rats received one empty Silastic implant while another group received 3-40 mm implants containing 30 mm crystalline P. Implants were replaced every 2 weeks until the animals were 5 months old. Progesterone-implanted rats were acyclic during treatment exhibiting predominantly leukocytic vaginal smears. Regular 4-day cycles resumed when P implants were withdrawn (rats approximately 5-6-months-old). A group of 2-3-month-old untreated rats were used for comparison. As expected from our previous results, serum FSH levels at 1600 h on estrus were significantly higher in 5-6-month-old rats receiving empty capsules than in younger rats. Serum FSH concentrations measured in P-treated rats at this time also were significantly higher than levels of this gonadotropin measured in younger rats. Ovaries of older control and P-treated rats contained significantly fewer medium and large antral follicles (greater than 250 microns) than the ovaries of younger rats despite the curtailment of estrous cyclicity and ovulation by continuous P treatment. Interestingly, P treatment prevented the age-associated decrease in thymus weight. Taken together, the present observations suggest that a decrease in the number of growing follicles may be a factor contributing to early age-related alterations in FSH secretion. Furthermore, the prevention (at least temporarily) of age-related thymic involution by P treatment may be indicative of an interrelationship between thymic and reproductive aging. 相似文献
57.
Murine thymus has been demonstrated to contain both cholinergic receptors and acetylcholinesterase activity. In the present study we have investigated the presence of the enzyme choline acetyltransferase in this organ, which is responsible for the synthesis of acetylcholine. Results reported here demonstrate that (1) an appreciable amount of the enzyme is already present in the thymus on the day of birth; (2) its expression is developmentally regulated; and (3) thymic atrophy, induced in young (2-week-old) and adult (6-week-old) mice by i.p. injection of hydrocortisone for 2 days, is accompanied by significant reduction of choline acetyltransferase activity only in young mice. Altogether these results demonstrate the presence in the murine thymus of functionally relevant markers of the cholinergic system that might interface the interactions between the nervous and immune systems. 相似文献
58.
Giovanni Corrao Antonella Zambon Lorenza Bertù Anna Mauri Valentina Paleari Camillo Rossi Mauro Venegoni 《Drug safety》2006,29(10):889-896
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between the use of fluoroquinolone agents and the risk of tendinitis in a large population-based case-control study. METHODS: The study was performed by linking automated health databases from the Region of Lombardia, Italy. Cases were patients aged > or =18 years who had a hospital discharge diagnosis of non-traumatic tendinitis in 2002-3. For each case, up to five controls were randomly selected among those eligible for inclusion in the study. A conditional logistic regression model was used to estimate the odds ratio of tendinitis associated with the current, recent and past use of fluoroquinolones. Odds ratios were adjusted for exposure to other antibacterials and other drugs. RESULTS: 22,194 cases and 104,906 controls met the inclusion criteria. Current use of fluoroquinolones significantly increased the risk of tendon disorders as a whole (odds ratio [OR] = 1.7; 95% CI 1.4, 2.0), tendon rupture (OR = 1.3; 95% CI 1.0, 1.8) and rupture of the Achilles' tendon (OR = 4.1; 95% CI 1.8, 9.6). Concomitant use of corticosteroids and fluoroquinolones increased the risk of both tendon rupture (OR = 3.1; 95% CI 1.5, 6.3) and rupture of the Achilles' tendon (OR = 43.2; 95% CI 5.5, 341.1). DISCUSSION: Evidence that exposure to fluoroquinolones is associated with the sudden occurrence of tendinitis is supported by this large population-based study. We can estimate that a single case of rupture of the Achilles' tendon would occur for every 5958 persons treated with fluoroquinolones (95% CI 2148, 23,085). The corresponding number needed to harm is 979 (95% CI 122, 9172) for patients who concomitantly use corticosteroids and 1638 (95% CI 351, 8843) for those aged >60 years. CONCLUSION: Clinicians should be aware of this adverse effect, and the increased risk for fluoroquinolone-associated tendinitis in elderly patients with corticosteroid use must be considered when these agents are prescribed. 相似文献
59.
Maria G. Matera Mario Cazzola Maria Constantino Dante De Santis Francesco Rossi 《Clinical and experimental pharmacology & physiology》1992,19(9):627-630
1. Airways derived from different levels of the lung exhibit a difference in the reactivity and sensitivity to agonists. We have evaluated the effect of acetylcholine and cholinergic selective (pirenzepine, gallamine and 4-dipherylacetoxymethyl piperidine [4-DAMP]) and non-selective (atropine) antagonists on bovine proximal and distal smooth muscle preparations. 2. The distal preparations are more sensitive to acetylcholine than proximal bronchi. The relaxant effect of three selective antagonists on the distal and proximal tissues was the same when the results for each drug were compared. 3. Atropine and 4-DAMP were more potent than pirenzepine and gallamine in relaxing both proximal and distal bovine smooth muscle preparations. 4. These data suggest that the muscarinic sites on the smooth muscle of bovine airways are of the M3 subtype. 相似文献
60.
M. Silvestri M. Bontempelli M. Giacomelli M. Malerba G. A. Rossi A. Di Stefano A. Rossi F. L. M. Ricciardolo 《Clinical and experimental allergy》2006,36(11):1373-1381
BACKGROUND: Severe asthma is characterized by elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and neutrophilic inflammation in the airways. Blood cytokines, markers of 'systemic' inflammation, may be a feature of amplified inflammation in severe asthma. OBJECTIVE: To detect differences in IL-8, TNF-alpha, IL-16 and IL-13 levels in the serum(s) of stable severe and mild-moderate asthmatics related to blood leucocytes proportion, airway calibre and exhaled nitric oxide (NO) levels. METHODS: We assessed cytokine serum levels by ELISA and blood leucocyte counts by an alkaline peroxidase method in 20 healthy controls, 22 mild-moderate [forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)(%pred): 89+/-3] and 14 severe asthmatics [FEV1(%pred): 49+/-2]. RESULTS: IL-8 and TNF-alpha levels were higher in severe asthmatics than in mild-moderate asthmatics or in controls (P<0.05). No differences in IL-16 and IL-13 levels were detected. Severe asthmatics showed higher circulating neutrophil and eosinophil number than controls (P<0.05). In severe asthmatics, exhaled NO levels were superior than in controls (P<0.05), but inferior than in mild-moderate asthmatics (P<0.05). We found positive correlation between TNF-alpha levels and exhaled NO (r=0.67; P=0.01) or circulating neutrophil counts (r=0.57; P=0.03) in severe asthmatics. CONCLUSION: sTNF-alpha and sIL-8 are markers of 'systemic' inflammation in severe asthmatics, in conjunction with augmented circulating neutrophils, suggesting the involvement of neutrophil-derived cytokine pattern in severe asthma. 相似文献