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91.
Background
Planning for the next pandemic influenza outbreak is underway in hospitals across the world. The global SARS experience has taught us that ethical frameworks to guide decision-making may help to reduce collateral damage and increase trust and solidarity within and between health care organisations. Good pandemic planning requires reflection on values because science alone cannot tell us how to prepare for a public health crisis. 相似文献92.
Carly Ruderman C Shawn Tracy Cécile M Bensimon Mark Bernstein Laura Hawryluck Randi Zlotnik Shaul Ross EG Upshur 《BMC medical ethics》2006,7(1):5
Background
As a number of commentators have noted, SARS exposed the vulnerabilities of our health care systems and governance structures. Health care professionals (HCPs) and hospital systems that bore the brunt of the SARS outbreak continue to struggle with the aftermath of the crisis. Indeed, HCPs – both in clinical care and in public health – were severely tested by SARS. Unprecedented demands were placed on their skills and expertise, and their personal commitment to their profession was severely tried. Many were exposed to serious risk of morbidity and mortality, as evidenced by the World Health Organization figures showing that approximately 30% of reported cases were among HCPs, some of whom died from the infection. Despite this challenge, professional codes of ethics are silent on the issue of duty to care during communicable disease outbreaks, thus providing no guidance on what is expected of HCPs or how they ought to approach their duty to care in the face of risk. 相似文献93.
Alan M Leong Eric J Crighton Rahim Moineddin Muhammad Mamdani Ross EG Upshur 《BMC ophthalmology》2006,6(1):2
Background
Cataract surgery remains a commonly performed elective surgical procedure in the aging and the elderly. The purpose of this study was to utilize time series methodology to determine the temporal and seasonal variations and the strength of the seasonality in age-related (senile) cataract hospitalizations and phacoemulsification surgeries. 相似文献94.
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Ross EG Upshur Rahim Moineddin Eric Crighton Lori Kiefer Muhammad Mamdani 《BMC health services research》2005,5(1):13
Background
Seasonality is a common feature of communicable diseases. Less well understood is whether seasonal patterns occur for non-communicable diseases. The overall effect of seasonal fluctuations on hospital admissions has not been systematically evaluated. 相似文献98.
Age as a prognostic indicator in carcinoma of the lung 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
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100.
N. Symeonidis A. Jakubowski S. Pierre-Louis D. Jaffe E. Pamer K. Sepkowitz R.J. O''Reilly G.A. Papanicolaou 《Transplant infectious disease》2007,9(2):108-113
BACKGROUND: Adenovirus (ADV) infection occurs in 5-21% of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants (HSCT). Symptomatic enteritis and hemorrhagic cystitis may be encountered but are seldom fatal. In contrast, mortality rates of up to 75% are reported for adenoviral pneumonia or hepatitis. Cidofovir is currently being increasingly used for treatment of adenoviral infections after HSCT. The efficacy of cidofovir in patients with invasive adenoviral infection is not established. FINDINGS: We reviewed 687 adult and pediatric patients who received allogeneic HSCT at our institution from 1998 through June 2005. ADV was isolated from 64 (9.3%) patients. Eleven patients received cidofovir for invasive disease occurring at median 39 days (range 3-145) post HSCT. The median age was 40 (range 6-61) years. Seventy-three percent received a T-cell-depleted graft and 18% had grade 3-4 graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) of the gut. Three out of 3 (100%) patients with adenoviral pneumonia died. One patient with hepatitis, cholecysitis, and viremia cleared the infection after 3 months. Two out of 7 (28.6%) patients with hemorrhagic colitis or cystitis died of ADV (1 with extensive GVHD). CONCLUSION: Mortality rates of ADV pneumonitis after allogeneic HSCT remain high in the era of cidofovir. Clinical trials are needed to evaluate management strategies for this life-threatening infection. 相似文献