Bone Marrow Metastases from Prostatic Cancer-Marked Cytolytic Effect after only a Few Days of Treatment with Diethylstilbestrol

A 42-year-old male patient became hospitalized with severe back pain and marked bleeding tendency from disseminated intravascular coagulation. The bone marrow aspirate showed numerous nests of cancer cells presumably from a prostatic carcinoma. After only 4 days of treatment with diethylstilbestrol his condition was markedly improved, and a new bone marrow aspirate showed extensive necrosis of the cancer cells.     

电解治疗慢性前列腺炎8例

目的 观察电化学治疗慢性非细菌性前列腺炎的临床效果。方法 将前列腺电化学治疗仪电极经尿道留置在前列腺尿道部，膀胱内持续灌注生理盐水，以提供电化学反应之电解质及冲洗膀胱，通电后在电极周围形成电场，产生的电化学(强碱)反应使部分前列腺组织变性坏死，破坏膀胱颈部及前列腺部尿道丰富的α-肾上腺素能受体，解除痉孪，达治疗目的。结果 8例慢性非细菌性前列腺炎患者经电化学治疗后，尿路刺激等临床症状缓解，前列腺液涂片镜检示白细胞数量恢复正常。结论 电化学治疗慢性非细菌性前列腺炎的疗效有临床意义。     

Effect of uncontrolled diabetes on plasma ghrelin concentrations and ghrelin-induced feeding

Plasma levels of the orexigenic hormone, ghrelin, decrease rapidly on nutrient ingestion and yet are paradoxically elevated in rats with hyperphagia induced by streptozotocin-induced diabetes (STZ-DM). In the current work, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the relationships among uncontrolled diabetes, food intake, and plasma ghrelin concentrations in an effort to clarify whether increased ghrelin signaling contributes to diabetic hyperphagia. Whereas food intake did not increase until d 3 after STZ administration, plasma ghrelin levels were increased by more than 2-fold (P < 0.05) on d 1. As hyperphagia developed, however, plasma ghrelin levels declined steadily. Because this reduction of plasma ghrelin levels was reversed by matching food intake of STZ-DM rats to that of nondiabetic controls, our results demonstrated that the effect of uncontrolled diabetes to increase plasma ghrelin levels is partially offset by hyperphagic feeding. In addition, we found that although intragastric nutrient infusion rapidly and comparably decreased plasma ghrelin levels in both groups (by 46-49%; P < 0.05), this effect was short lived in STZ-DM rats relative to nondiabetic controls (60 min vs. 120 min; P < 0.05). We further demonstrated that in rats with STZ-DM, food intake increased by 357% (P < 0.05) in response to intracerebroventricular administration of ghrelin at a dose that was subthreshold for feeding effects in nondiabetic controls. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that uncontrolled diabetes increases both circulating ghrelin levels and behavioral sensitivity to ghrelin. Although plasma ghrelin levels fall in response to hyperphagic feeding, these findings support the hypothesis that increased ghrelin signaling contributes to the pathogenesis of diabetic hyperphagia.     

The role of psychological and behavioral variables in quality of life and the experience of bodily pain among persons living with HIV

With increased life expectancy of individuals living with HIV, quality of life (QOL) has become a focus of treatment. More research is needed to address pain-related QOL and modifiable variables, such as health behaviors, depressive symptoms, and coping styles, which could be included in treatment protocols to improve QOL among individuals with HIV. Objectives of this study were to (1) examine relationships among health behaviors, psychological variables, and QOL, particularly pain-specific QOL, (2) examine the relationships among coping, depressive symptoms, and QOL, and (3) compare QOL scores of individuals with HIV and population-based normative data. HIV positive men and women not currently on highly active antiretroviral therapy were recruited during regular visits to an HIV outpatient clinic. They completed the Medical Outcome Study Health Survey SF-36 scale, which includes a physical components scale, a mental components scale, and a bodily pain subscale. They also completed questionnaires assessing health behaviors, depressive symptoms, and coping styles. Participants (n = 97) scored significantly lower on most aspects of QOL than age-matched Canadian and U.S. norms. Hierarchical multiple regressions revealed that physical activity and CD4 cell count were independently related to lower physical components scale scores; smoking and depressive symptoms were independently associated with lower mental components scale scores; and education, physical activity, and depressive symptoms were independently associated with lower pain-related QOL. Depressive symptoms mediated the relationship between coping styles and the mental components scale and pain-related QOL. Results suggest that targeting depressive symptoms, physical activity, and coping strategies as part of comprehensive treatment protocols could help improve pain-specific QOL and overall QOL among individuals with HIV.