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Gabriela Novak Theresa Fan Brian F. O’Dowd Susan R. George 《International journal of developmental neuroscience》2013
The goal of this study was to determine whether two stressors commonly used to model aspects of neuropsychiatric disease in rats have an additive effect on striatal dopamine type 2 receptor (D2R) expression, a key player in the etiology of neuropsychiatric disease. 相似文献
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Iona Novak 《Developmental medicine and child neurology》2013,55(11):974-974
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AbstractIn this study the pulsation-pressure relationship in an experimental model of aneurysms was analyzed. In addition, we have examined pulsatility of the aneurysmal wall reinforced by Cuglielmi Detachable Coils (GDC). Bifurcation (BAn), aneurysms (LAn) and bilobar (BiA) aneurysms were produced in 15 mongrel dogs. The aneurysmal dome was constructed from a segment of the external jugular vein which was sutured to the window performed on the' apex of bifurcation of the ECA and lingual artery (BAn) or,on the ECA (LAn). One set of the GDC (diameter 5 mm, length 20 cm) were inserted into the aneurysm. Intra- aneurysmal pressure> aneurysmal pulsation, ECG and femoral artery pressure were recorded. Results showed that an experimental aneurysm pulsates in synchrony with the intraaneurysmal pressure and aneurysmal pulsation is proportional to the aneurysmal size. Pulsation profile also depends on the aneurysmal type (BAn, LAn, BiA). The looped pressure-pulsation curve indicates that aneurysms exhibit property of hysteresis. For the same pressure the aneurysm is smaller during the ascending (systolic) portion of the blood pressure wave. Insertion of catheter into the aneurysm and subsequent release of the GDC did not elicit any measurable changes of the intraaneurysmal pressure. Aneurysm reinforced by GDC showed smaller pulsation and the hysteresis was reduced as well. It was concluded that aneurysmal hysteresis could be an important factor resulting in degeneration of aneurysmal wall since it is known that hysteresis accelerates degeneration of all fibrous elements, predominantly of elastic fibers. GDC seems to buffer the intra-aneurysmal hemodynamic forces and hence they might have a stabilizing effect on the aneurysmal wall. [Neurol Res 1996; 18: 377-382] 相似文献
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McCormick AA Reddy S Reinl SJ Cameron TI Czerwinkski DK Vojdani F Hanley KM Garger SJ White EL Novak J Barrett J Holtz RB Tusé D Levy R 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2008,105(29):10131-10136
Plant-made vaccines have been the subject of intense interest because they can be produced economically in large scale without the use of animal-derived components. Plant-made therapeutic vaccines against challenging chronic diseases, such as cancer, have received little research attention, and no previous human clinical trials have been conducted in this vaccine category. We document the feasibility of using a plant viral expression system to produce personalized (patient-specific) recombinant idiotype vaccines against follicular B cell lymphoma and the results of administering these vaccines to lymphoma patients in a phase I safety and immunogenicity clinical trial. The system allowed rapid production and recovery of idiotypic single-chain antibodies (scFv) derived from each patient's tumor and immunization of patients with their own individual therapeutic antigen. Both low and high doses of vaccines, administered alone or co-administered with the adjuvant GM-CSF, were well tolerated with no serious adverse events. A majority (>70%) of the patients developed cellular or humoral immune responses, and 47% of the patients developed antigen-specific responses. Because 15 of 16 vaccines were glycosylated in plants, this study also shows that variation in patterns of antigen glycosylation do not impair the immunogenicity or affect the safety of the vaccines. Collectively, these findings support the conclusion that plant-produced idiotype vaccines are feasible to produce, safe to administer, and a viable option for idiotype-specific immune therapy in follicular lymphoma patients. 相似文献
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Reno HE Vodkin MH Novak RJ 《The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene》2000,62(2):193-199
Aedes triseriatus is the primary vector of LaCrosse (LAC) virus, which can cause encephalitis, especially in young children. Aedes hendersoni, a sibling species of Ae. triseriatus, has a salivary gland barrier to LAC virus and, therefore, is not considered a vector of this virus. Adults of Ae. triseriatus are morphologically indistinguishable from those of Ae. hendersoni, and the two species are sympatric in the eastern United States. A definitive method of identifying field specimens is an important part of any disease surveillance program, particularly in the case of LAC virus. This study identifies restriction enzymes that produce species-specific restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) from amplified ribosomal (r) DNA. In addition, sequences of the internal transcribed spacers 1 and 2 and the 5.8S regions of the rDNA were used to confirm the RFLP patterns. This study is the first to compare nucleotide sequences from Ae. triseriatus and Ae. hendersoni. 相似文献
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Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) is an inherited hemorrhagic disease affecting the related subcellular organelles platelet dense granules, lysosomes, and melanosomes. The mouse genes for HPS, pale ear and pearl, orthologous to the human HPS1 and HPS2 (ADTB3A) genes, encode a novel protein of unknown function and the beta(3)A subunit of the AP-3 adaptor complex, respectively. To test for in vivo interactions between these genes in the production and function of intracellular organelles, mice doubly homozygous for the 2 mutant genes were produced by appropriate breeding. Cooperation between the 2 genes in melanosome production was evident in increased hypopigmentation of the coat together with dramatic quantitative and qualitative alterations of melanosomes of the retinal pigment epithelium and choroid of double mutant mice. Lysosomal and platelet dense granule abnormalities, including hyposecretion of lysosomal enzymes from kidneys and depression of serotonin concentrations of platelet dense granules were likewise more severe in double than single mutants. Also, lysosomal enzyme concentrations were significantly increased in lungs of double mutant mice. Interaction between the 2 genes was specific in that effects on organelles were confined to melanosomes, lysosomes, and platelet dense granules. Together, the evidence indicates these 2 HPS genes function largely independently at the whole organism level to affect the production and function of all 3 organelles. Further, the increased lysosomal enzyme levels in lung of double mutant mice suggest a cause of a major clinical problem of HPS, lung fibrosis. Finally, doubly mutant HPS mice are a useful laboratory model for analysis of severe HPS phenotypes. 相似文献
80.
An integrative review exploring the physical and psychological harm inherent in using restraint in mental health inpatient settings 下载免费PDF全文
Pauline Cusack PG Cert HE MSc BA Dip. SW. Sue McAndrew PhD MSc BSc Mick McKeown PhD BA DPSN RMN RGN Joy Duxbury PhD MA PG Cert HE BSc. 《International journal of mental health nursing》2018,27(3):1162-1176
In Western society, policy and legislation seeks to minimize restrictive interventions, including physical restraint; yet research suggests the use of such practices continues to raise concerns. Whilst international agreement has sought to define physical restraint, diversity in the way in which countries use restraint remains disparate. Research to date has reported on statistics regarding restraint, how and why it is used, and staff and service user perspectives about its use. However, there is limited evidence directly exploring the physical and psychological harm restraint may cause to people being cared for within mental health inpatient settings. This study reports on an integrative review of the literature exploring available evidence regarding the physical and psychological impact of restraint. The review included both experimental and nonexperimental research papers, using Cooper's (1998) five‐stage approach to synthesize the findings. Eight themes emerged: Trauma/retraumatization; Distress; Fear; Feeling ignored; Control; Power; Calm; and Dehumanizing conditions. In conclusion, whilst further research is required regarding the physical and psychological implications of physical restraint in mental health settings, mental health nurses are in a prime position to use their skills and knowledge to address the issues identified to eradicate the use of restraint and better meet the needs of those experiencing mental illness. 相似文献