Canavanine increases glucose uptake in C2C12 cells through the activation of imidazoline I‐2B receptors

Canavanine is a guanidinium derivative that contains the basic structure of the ligand(s) of imidazoline receptor (I‐R). Canavanine has been reported to activate the imidazoline I‐3 receptor (I‐3R) both in vivo and in vitro. Additionally, the activation of the imidazoline I‐2B receptor (I‐2BR) by guanidinium derivatives may increase glucose uptake. Therefore, the effect of canavanine on the I‐2BR was investigated in the present study. Glucose uptake into cultured C₂C₁₂ cells was determined using the radio‐ligated tracer 2‐[¹⁴C]‐deoxy‐glucose. The changes in 5′ AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) expression were also identified using Western blotting analysis. The canavanine‐induced glucose uptake was inhibited in a dose‐dependent manner by BU224 (0.01–1 μmol/L), which is a specific I‐2BR antagonist, in the C₂C₁₂ cells. Additionally, the canavanine‐stimulated AMPK phosphorylation and glucose transporter (GLUT4) expression were also sensitive to BU224 inhibition in the C₂C₁₂ cells. Moreover, both canavanine‐stimulated glucose uptake and AMPK phosphorylation were attenuated by high concentrations of amiloride (1–2 μmol/L), which is another established I‐2BR inhibitor, in a dose‐dependent manner in C₂C₁₂ cells. Additionally, compound C abolished the canavanine‐induced glucose uptake and AMPK phosphorylation at a concentration (0.1 μmol/L) sufficient to inhibit AMPK. In conclusion, these data demonstrated that canavanine has an ability to activate I‐2BR through the AMPK pathway to increase glucose uptake, which indicates I‐2BR as a new target for diabetic therapy.     

Zein regulating apatite mineralization,degradability, in vitro cells responses and in vivo osteogenesis of 3D-printed scaffold of n-MS/ZN/PCL ternary composite

Bioactive and degradable scaffolds of nano magnesium silicate (n-MS)/zein (ZN)/poly(caprolactone) (PCL) ternary composites were prepared by 3D-printing method. The results showed that the 3D-printed scaffolds possessed controllable pore structure, and pore morphology, pore size, porosity and pore interconnectivity of the scaffolds can be efficiently adjusted. In addition, the apatite-mineralization ability of the scaffolds in simulated body fluids was obviously improved with the increase of ZN content, in which the scaffold with 20 w% ZN (C20) possessed excellent apatite-mineralization ability. Moreover, the degradability of the scaffolds was significantly enhanced with the increase of ZN content in the scaffolds. The degradation of ZN produced acidic products that could neutralize the alkaline products from the degradation of n-MS, which avoid the increase of pH value in degradable solution. Furthermore, the MC3T3-E1 cells responses (e.g. proliferation and differentiation, etc.) to the scaffolds were significantly promoted with the increase of ZN content. The in vivo osteogenesis of the scaffolds implanted the femur defects of rabbits was investigated by micro-CT and histological analysis. The results demonstrated that the new bone formation was significantly enhanced with the increase of ZN content, in which the C20 scaffold induced the highest new bone tissues, indicating excellent osteogenesis. The results suggested that the ZN in the ternary composite scaffolds played key roles in assisting bone regeneration in vivo.

Zein regulating apatite mineralization, degradability, cells responses and osteogenesis of 3D-printed scaffold of n-MS/ZN/PCL ternary composite.     

创建天津国际卫生机场的SWOT分析

目的分析天津机场创建国际卫生机场的前景。方法运用SWOT分析法全面分析天津创建国际卫生机场面临的优势、劣势、机遇及风险。结果天津机场基础设施较为完善,检验检疫机构技术储备充分,基本满足创建标准要求。结论创卫工作是未来发展大势所趋,口岸检验检疫机构应积极争取地方政府支持,努力调动创建主体积极性。     

Development of SSR and SNP markers for identifying opium poppy

Papaver somniferum L. (opium poppy) is the original plant of heroin, which is a major narcotic drug, and this plant has brought great harm to human health. However, the ban on opium poppy cultivation and trafficking is facing great challenges because of abnormal profits. Therefore, rapid and accurate identification is important to address the abovementioned problems. In this study, eleven simple sequence repeats (SSR) markers and two single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers were mined to distinguish opium poppy from other six Papaver species. These molecular markers were further verified through a large number of plant materials of these seven Papaver species. An excellent multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) system that simultaneously amplifies the three of eleven SSR markers was developed, which effectively improves the efficiency and speed of identification. The present research is of great implication for identifying and investigating the illegal cultivation and trafficking of opium poppy.

     

原发性高血压及其继发肾脏损害机理的研究进展

以氧化应激(oxidative stress,OS)为核心的氧化自由基理论是目前生物医学界研究的热点。临床和动物实验均证明OS与原发性高血压呈密切的正相关。肾脏对慢性血压的调控及原发性高血压的发生起主导作用。盐敏感高血压具有显著的肾损害易感性,以盐敏感高血压动物模型对肾脏OS、肾脏损害及高血压之间关系的研究提示:肾脏OS参与了高血压继发性肾损害的发生及高血压的恶化过程。该发现突破了长期以来对此类疾病机理的传统认识,为将来可能的新的治疗措施提供了依据。     

湿润烧伤膏联合3M液体敷料治疗新生儿尿布皮炎的效果观察

目的:探讨湿润烧伤膏联合3M液体敷料治疗新生儿尿布皮炎的临床疗效。方法:对我院110例新生儿尿布皮炎患儿进行临床对照试验研究,使用硬币投掷法将患儿随机分为对照组(单独使用湿润烧伤膏)和试验组(湿润烧伤膏联用3M液体敷料),比较两组患儿治疗3 d时临床疗效、疼痛程度及不良反应。结果:试验组患儿创面愈合时间显著低于对照组患儿(P<0.05);试验组患儿疼痛程度2级、3级、4级人数少于对照组;两组患儿临床疗效比较,试验组治愈人数显著高于对照组(P<0.05);试验组患儿皮肤机械性损伤、继发过敏性皮炎的发生率显著低于对照组患儿(P<0.05)。结论:湿润烧伤膏联合3M液体敷料治疗新生儿尿布皮炎的临床疗效明显,可以显著改善患儿疼痛状况,减少临床不良事件发生率。     

A tomato-rich diet is related to depressive symptoms among an elderly population aged 70 years and over: A population-based,cross-sectional analysis

BackgroundEnhanced oxidative stress or defective anti-oxidant defenses are related to the pathogenesis of depressive symptoms. Lycopene is the most powerful antioxidant amongst the carotenoids. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between different vegetables, including tomatoes/tomato products (a major source of lycopene), and depressive symptoms in a community-based elderly population.MethodsWe analyzed a cross-sectional survey including 986 community-dwelling elderly Japanese individuals aged 70 years and older. Dietary intake was assessed using a valid self-administered diet-history questionnaire, and depressive symptoms were evaluated using the 30-item Geriatric Depression Scale with 2 cut-off points: 11 (mild and severe) and 14 (severe) or use of anti-depressive agents.ResultsThe prevalence of mild and severe and severe depressive symptoms was 34.9% and 20.2%, respectively. After adjustments for potentially confounding factors, the odds ratios of having mild and severe depressive symptoms by increasing levels of tomatoes/tomato products were 1.00, 0.54, and 0.48 (p for trend <0.01). Similar relationships were also observed in the case of severe depressive symptoms. In contrast, no relationship was observed between intake of other kinds of vegetables and depressive symptoms.LimitationsThis is a cross-sectional study, and not for making a clinical diagnosis of depressive episodes.ConclusionsThis study demonstrated that a tomato-rich diet is independently related to lower prevalence of depressive symptoms. These results suggest that a tomato-rich diet may have a beneficial effect on the prevention of depressive symptoms. Further studies are needed to confirm these findings.