Reconstruction of paranasal sinus and orbit using polymeric and metalloceramic materials in traumas

43 patients with injury of the paranasal sinus walls and the orbit were treated surgically: 23 osteoplastic operations on the walls of the orbit and maxillary sinus and 20 operations of the walls of the frontal sinus. Complete recovery of anatomofunctional and cosmetic structure was achieved in 36(83.7%) patients, satisfactory results were observed in 7(16.3%) patients. Diagnosis and surgical treatment are outlined of injuries of the facial skeleton with repair of frontal, orbital and maxillary bone defects with plates made of superhighmolecular polyethelene and network titanium covered with biosital. The result of the operation depends on early and accurate diagnosis and treatment, valid choice of surgical technique and aftercare.     

Status of the venous part of the portal system in infectious-toxic shock in infants with acute pneumonia

As many as 38 children aged 2 to 12 months suffering from acute pneumonia complicated by infectious-toxic shock manifested dilatation of the veins of portal circulation and deposition of a considerable blood volume, which was revealed by ultrasonic examination. The hemodynamic disorders were shown to play the leading part in the genesis of hepatomegaly, followed by hypoxic derangement of the hepatocyte. In infants, who are in a state of infectious-toxic shock, vascular decompensation of the liver is more pronounced and sets in earlier than parenchymatous. Administration of troxevasin (30 mg/kg a day) to the sick children promotes a more rapid elimination of venous dilatation in the system of portal circulation.     

Clinico-morphological parallels in Mallory-Weiss syndrome

The article deals with the results of treatment of 180 patients with the Mallory-Weiss syndrome. Morphological studies of the gastric wall was conducted in 16 patients who underwent operation. It was established that developmental anomalies, chronic gastritis, and pathological changes of the vessels of the lamina muscularis mucosae impairing its mobility and strength may be the morphological substrate which precedes the development of the Mallory-Weiss syndrome.     

A sorption microfilter for blood transfusions

A special device is developed to purify the conserved blood from microaggregations and toxic agents. It also decreases the CO2 level and the citrate content. The device combines the properties of a microfilter and a sorption column. The specifications of the device are given.     

Changes in adrenocortical function and lipid metabolism during peripheral electrical nociceptive stimulation as a means of studying the antistress action of diazepam and activation of the positive reinforcement system

Experiments on rats showed that the self-stimulation (SS) response reduces the increase in the 11-hydroxycorticosteroid (11-HCS) concentration in blood after electrical nociceptive stimulation (ENS) of the limbs. Diazepam (1 mg/kg) reduced the liberation of 11-HCS and the -lipoprotein concentration in response to SS and ENS and raised the phospholipid concentration. Diazepam and preliminary ENS evoked activation of SS. It is concluded that diazepam and activation of the positive reinforcement system act in the same direction with respect to 11-HCS excretion and the changes in lipid metabolism during ENS.Department of Pathological Physiology, Leningrad Sanitation and Hygiene Medical Institute. Department of Pharmacology, First Leningrad Medical Institute. (Presented by Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR S. V. Anichkov.) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 88, No. 9, pp. 289–291, September, 1979.