Evidence for multiple species of vaccinia virus-encoded palmitylated proteins.

When cells were infected with vaccinia virus in the presence of [3H]palmitic acid, radiolabel was incorporated into six viral proteins with apparent molecular weights of 92, 41, 37, 26, 17, and 14 kDa, all of which are expressed at late times during the infection cycle. The [3H]palmitate-labeled fatty acid moieties from the modified proteins were isolated, converted to p-nitrophenacyl derivatives, and subjected to reverse phase HPLC analysis which confirmed the identity of the fatty acid group as palmitic acid. Furthermore, the radiolabeled palmitate-protein bonds were sensitive to treatment with neutral hydroxylamine, suggesting that association of the fatty acid moieties with these proteins occurs via a thioester linkage. Previous studies by other investigators have identified the 37-kDa protein as the major antigen present in the outer membrane of extracellular enveloped virions, and demonstrated that the protein is modified by palmitic acid but is not glycosylated (G. Hiller and K. Weber J. Virol. (1985) 55, 651-659). Growth of vaccinia virus in the presence of tunicamycin indicated that the 41- and 26-kDa palmitylated proteins were also subject to modification by glycosylation, whereas like the 37-kDa protein, the 92-, 17-, and 14-kDa species did not appear to be glycosylated. Subcellular fractionation studies provided evidence that all of the viral palmitylated proteins were membrane-associated. Extraction of purified vaccinia virus with NP-40 and DTT demonstrated that the palmitylated proteins were associated with one of the viral membranes rather than the core of the virion. Viewing these results together with the previous reports of myristylated VV proteins (Franke et al. J. Virol. (1989) 63, 4285-4291), suggests that acylation of VV proteins represents a major modification pathway utilized by VV proteins during the assembly of progeny virions.     

A critical appraisal of the anaesthesia literature

Canadian Journal of Anesthesia/Journal canadien d'anesthésie - Today’s anaesthesia journals are faced with problems in the quality of materials being published. The stature of...     

Primary carcinoid tumor of the urinary bladder.

A 62-year-old woman who presented with urinary frequency and microscopic hematuria was found to have a 1.2 x 1.0 x 0.6-cm polypoid carcinoid tumor of the urinary bladder. The tissue resected from the base after removal of the polypoid lesion disclosed a small focus of residual carcinoid tumor, associated with Brunn's epithelial nests, cystitis cystica, and cystitis glandularis. Tumor cells exhibited strong argyrophilia and weak argentaffinity. Immunohistochemical staining reactions were strongly positive for chromogranin and serotonin, and electron microscopy revealed characteristic dense-core granules. Flow cytometric evaluation revealed an aneuploid cell population with a DNA index of 1.20.     

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为加速创建爱婴医院进程,昆明市妇幼保健院率先在全省开展了创建爱婴医院工作。他们大胆改革产科制度,实行母婴同室,建立健全了各项规章制度,实行母乳喂养系列化服务。     

Magnetic Resonance Enteroclysis

MR enteroclysis (MRE) is an emerging technique for the evaluation of small intestinal diseases. Administration of an iso-osmotic water solution through a nasojejunal catheter can guarantee adequate luminal distention, and in combination with ultrafast sequences, such as single shot TSE, true FISP, HASTE and 3D FLASH, results in excellent anatomic demonstration of the small intestine. MR fluoroscopy can be performed during MRE examination to monitor the filling process and might be useful in studying low-grade stenosis or motility related disorders. MRE is a very promising technique for the detection and characterization of involved small bowel segments in patients with Crohn's disease while its diagnostic performance in disclosing lumen narrowing and extramural manifestations and complications of the disease is outstanding. Initial experience shows that MRE is very efficient in the diagnosis of small bowel tumors and can be used in the evaluation of small bowel obstruction.     

Removal of potassium from tuberous root vegetables by leaching.

OBJECTIVES: To determine analytically the amount of potassium in raw tuberous root vegetables (TRV); to estimate the amount of potassium that can be leached from raw TRV by soaking in water; and to determine whether the duration of soaking and the cooking method selected affect potassium extraction. DESIGN: Fresh TRV (ie, fresh and sweet batata, cocomalanga, dasheen, eddo, black yam, white yam, yellow yam, yampi, malanga, red yautia, white yautia, and yuca) were obtained from an ethnic market. Five experimental conditions with variations in soak time and cooking method were applied. Potassium was extracted from the ash of dried samples. The potassium content of aqueous extractions was determined through atomic absorption spectrophotometry. RESULTS: Mean potassium content was highest in raw cocomalanga and lowest in raw dasheen. All of the raw TRV, except for dasheen, had a potassium content >200 mg (5.1 mEq)/100 g sample. Soaking was not effective in the leaching of significant amounts of potassium from most TRV. The double cooking (DC) method (ie, boil, rinse, boil again) leached more potassium from most TRV than did the normal cooking (NC) method (ie, boil), except with dasheen and yellow yam. More vegetables retained a potassium content >200 mg (5.1 mEq)/100 g following NC versus DC (92% versus 54%). CONCLUSIONS: The potassium content of raw TRV varied considerably, with most tubers retaining a moderate or high potassium content following the leaching procedures. However, this study showed that DC appears to be more effective than NC for leaching potassium from TRV.