重组人表皮生长因子在外伤性鼓膜穿孔治疗中的临床应用

外伤性鼓膜穿孔是耳鼻咽喉科的常见病、多发病,近年来有上升趋势。鼓膜穿孔破坏了鼓膜的正常结构并影响鼓膜的正常生理功能,穿孔后鼓室与外耳道直接相通,为病原微生物侵入中耳打开了门户,且鼓膜穿孔患者常有不同程度的耳闷、耳鸣及听力下降等症状,对患者的生理及心理造成一定影     

乌鲁木齐地区线粒体12SrRNA基因突变筛查分析

目的　研究乌鲁木齐地区非综合征性聋患者线粒体12S rRNA基因突变情况。方法　收集乌鲁木齐非综合征性聋患者标本609例,对其进行临床和分子遗传学评估。结果　12S rRNA基因突变分析共发现11个突变位点,已知的A1555G、961DelT、C1494T突变分别占2.96%,1.15%,0.16%。另外A1047G突变相关报道较少,A1585G突变未见相关报道。其他突变均为多态性位点。结论　线粒体12S rRNA突变是引起遗传性聋的重要因素,此次乌鲁木齐地区线粒体12S rRNA A1555G突变在聋病人群中的检出率与前期报道相比有所降低,可能与耳毒性药物使用量降低有关。A1047G与新发现的A1585G突变是否与聋相关,还需进一步研究。对筛查中阳性突变携带者及其母系家庭成员需告知氨基糖苷类抗生素使用风险,使其避免使用,逐步降低药物性聋的发生率。     

胆乐化瘀片防止食饵性胆固醇结石的实验研究

目的探讨胆乐化瘀片防止食饵性胆固醇结石机理。方法通过改变饮食成分诱发豚鼠胆结石。各组连续喂养8周后（各给药组拌入规定剂量的药物）,观察肝脏的病理变化,从胆囊中收集胆石,吸取胆囊胆汁,测定胆汁中成分的含量。结果胆乐化瘀片预防组的成石率均显著降低,其高剂量预防组成石率降至0％。模型组动物肝脏发生明显脂肪变性,其发生率为90％;而预防组动物发生率仅为40％（低剂量组）和20％（高剂量组）。结论胆乐化瘀片通过调节胆汁酸的代谢,增加胆汁酸的含量;降低胆汁中游离胆红素的含量;以及利胆等综合作用与防止胆石的形成有关。     

Effect of low-dose lidocaine on MEPs in patients undergoing intracranial tumor resection with propofol anesthesia: A randomized controlled trial

Objective:To investigate the effect of low-dose lidocaine on motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in patients undergoing intracranial tumor resection with propofol anesthesia.Methods:Forty patients who underwent intracranial tumor resection and required MEP monitoring were selected. They were randomly divided into the lidocaine group (group L, n = 20) and the control group (group C, n = 20) by computer-generated randomization. All patients were given propofol anesthesia under the guidance of the bispectral index. In group L, 1 mg/kg of lidocaine was injected intravenously during anesthesia induction. Then, lidocaine was continuously pumped at a speed of 1 mg/kg/h until the operation started. Group C was given an equal volume of normal saline. Heart rate (HR), mean artery pressure (MAP), and bispectral index were recorded before anesthesia induction (T0), 2 minutes after tracheal intubation (T1), and 35 minutes (T2), and 50 minutes (T3) after anesthesia induction. The amplitude and latency of MEP at T2 and T3, the total dosage of propofol after anesthesia induction, and adverse events before T3 were recorded.Results:Compared with those in group C, HR and MAP were significantly decreased at T1 in group L. No significant differences were observed in HR and MAP at T0, T2, and T3 between group L and group C. The total dosage of propofol and the incidence of adverse events were significantly lower in group L than in group C before T3. There were no significant differences in the amplitude and latency of MEP between the 2 groups at each time point.Conclusions:Low-dose lidocaine has no obvious effect on MEP in patients undergoing intracranial tumor resection. However, it increased hemodynamic stability, reduced propofol use, and decreased the incidence of adverse events.     

基于知识元标引的中医古籍研究回顾与反思

回顾国内以往知识元研究,结合当前中医古籍知识元研究工作,探讨中医古籍研究的部分现存问题.中医古籍知识元研究工作重点在于知识元标引平台的研发以及中医基础理论的数据化处理.知识元的概念是文本中的词或短语;知识元的文本可以借助文言语法与知识图谱三元组概念进行数据提取;建立语义关系,即语义三元组的描述,可分为表达不同描述对象(...     

吡喹酮长循环纳米粒在家兔体内的药动学

健康成年家兔18只,随机分为3组,分别静注吡喹酮溶液、吡喹酮纳米粒和吡喹酮长循环纳米粒(10 mg/kg).以地西泮为内标,采用HPLC法测定家兔血浆中的吡喹酮.吡喹酮注射液和吡喹酮纳米粒的体内过程符合二房室模型,吡喹酮长循环纳米粒的体内过程符合三房室模型,3种制剂的主要药动学参数分别为:t1/2(1.27±1.56)、(1.13±0.66)和(23.82±8.94)h,CL(5.29±0.78)、(2.38±1.00)和(1.16±0.16)L·h-1·kg-1,AUC0→t(1.48±0.2 7)、(3.52±1.79)和(4.93±1.27) mg·h·ml-1,MRT(0.44±0.30)、(0.41±0.10)和(16.12±1.38) h.     

Effects of population aging on the mortality burden of related cancers in urban and rural areas of China, 2004–2017: a population-based study

Objective: China is a developing country with urban–rural disparities and accelerating population aging. Therefore, quantifying the effects of population aging on the cancer mortality burden is urgently needed.Methods: Using data from China’s death surveillance datasets(2004–2017), we decomposed and quantified the effects of population aging and factor variations on cancer mortality rates in urban and rural China during 2004–2017 through a decomposition method. R ratios were used to assess the e...     

Healon~([R])和Viscoat~([R])细胞毒性的比较研究

本实验应用新的组织培养系统培养的兔角膜内皮细胞,对Healon~(R)和Viscoat~(R)的细胞毒性进行了比较研究。发现它们对角膜内皮细胞具有潜在的毒性作用,当细胞暴露于药液3小时后,出现轻度的损害。24小时后,出现严重的细胞损害。两者相比较,Viscoat~(R)对细胞的损害程度比Healon~(R)的轻,提示Viscoat~(R)可替代Healon~(R)用于眼科手术。     

控制性低温对大鼠肢体爆炸伤后继发肺损伤的作用

目的 观察早期全身和局部控制性低温对大鼠肢体爆炸伤后继发肺损伤的作用,探讨控制性低温在肢体爆炸伤后继发肺损伤防治中的临床应用价值.方法 采用大鼠肢体爆炸伤模型,动物按随机数字表法分为4组(每组8只):正常对照组(C)、单纯致伤组(Ⅰ:致伤)、全身低温组(Ⅱ:致伤 全身低温6 h)和局部低温组(Ⅲ:致伤 局部低温6 h);各组分别于致伤后6 h取标本.测定肺TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10和MDA浓度;观察肺脏病理学变化.结果 大鼠致伤6 h后肺TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10和MDA浓度显著升高(P＜0.01);肺脏充血水肿和炎细胞浸润明显;致伤大鼠经全身低温或局部低温处理6 h后肺、IL-6、IL-10及MDA浓度均明显降低(P＜0.05);肺脏充血水肿和炎细胞浸润程度明显减轻.结论 早期全身或局部控制性低温可明显抑制肢体爆炸伤大鼠肺脏的炎性损伤和氧化损伤,减轻肺脏充血水肿和炎细胞浸润程度,有利于减轻爆炸伤后继发性肺损伤.