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Mojtaba VAISMORADI Mahvash SALSALI Mohammad ESMAEILPOUR Mohammad Ali CHERAGHI 《Japan Journal of Nursing Science》2011,8(2):184-193
Background: Nurse–physician communication in the healthcare setting is an important subject that requires international attention because of its relationship with nurses' job satisfaction, turnover, patient safety, and above all, the quality of care. The importance of conducting studies on communication in different cultures and contexts in order to increase nurses' knowledge regarding nurse–physician communication cannot be overemphasized. Aim: The purpose of this study was to explore the perspectives and experiences of Iranian nurses regarding nurse–physician communication. Methods: A qualitative study, using the content analysis approach, was conducted. Semistructured interviews were held with 22 female nurses with a Bachelor's degree who were working in two teaching hospitals in an urban area of Iran. Results: During the data analysis, three main themes emerged: “no independence in decision‐making”, “lack of acknowledgment of nurses' capabilities”, and “unequal support by the healthcare system”. Conclusion: Healthcare team members and administrators should listen to nurses' perspectives and try to address the problematic areas of nurse–physician communication if they are improving the quality of nursing care that is expected. 相似文献
683.
Kaveh Eslami Ata Mahmoodpoor Arezoo Ahmadi Mohammad Abdollahi Koorosh Kamali Sarah Mousavi Atabak Najafi Maryam Baeeri Hadi Hamishehkar Leila Kouti Mohammad?Reza Javadi Mojtaba Mojtahedzadeh 《Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences》2012,20(1):40
Background
Septimeb is a new herbal-derived remedy, recently approved for its potential immunomodulatory effects. Regarding the key role of immune system in the pathogenesis of severe sepsis and lack of any standard treatment for improving survival of these patients; we evaluated the effect of Septimeb -as an adjutant to standard treatment-on inflammatory biomarkers and mortality rates in patients with severe sepsis.Methods
In this multicenter, randomized, single-blind trial, we assigned patients with severe sepsis and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE II) score of more than 20 to receive standard treatment of severe sepsis (control group) or standard treatment plus Septimeb. This group was treated with Septimeb for 14 days then followed up for another14 days. APACHE score, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) and Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) were calculated daily. Blood samples were analyzed for interleukin 2 tumor necrosis factor-α, total antioxidant power, platelet growth factor and matrix metalloproteinase 2.Results
A total of 29 patients underwent randomization (13 in control group and 16 in Septimeb group). There was significant difference between the Septimeb and control group in the 14 days mortality rate (18.8% vs. 53.85 respectively, P=0.048). Compared to control group, Septimeb was significantly effective in improving SAPS (P= 0.029), SOFA (P=0.003) and APACHE II (P=0.008) scores. Inflammatory biomarkers didn’t change significantly between the two groups (P>0.05).Conclusion
Septimeb reduces mortality rates among patients with severe sepsis and it could be added as a safe adjutant to standard treatment of sepsis. 相似文献684.
Fatemeh Fathiazad Amin Matlobi Arash Khorrami Sanaz Hamedeyazdan Hamid Soraya Mojtaba Hammami Nasrin Maleki-Dizaji Alireza Garjani 《Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences》2012,20(1):87
Background and the purpose of the study
The objectives of the present study were phytochemical screening and study of the effects of ethanolic extract of aerial parts of Ocimum basilicum (basil) on cardiac functions and histopathological changes in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction (MI).Methods
The leaves of the plant were extracted with ethanol by maceration and subjected to colorimetry to determine flavonoids and phenolic compounds. High-performance TLC analysis and subsequent CAMAG''s TLC scanning were performed to quantify rosmarinic acid content. Wistar rats were assigned to 6 groups of normal control, sham, isoproterenol, and treatment with 10, 20, and 40 mg/kg of the extract two times per day concurrent with MI induction. A subcutaneous injection of isoproterenol (100 mg/kg/day) for 2 consecutive days was used to induce MI.Results
Phytochemical screening indicated the presence of phenolic compounds (5.36%) and flavonoids (1.86%). Rosmarinic acid was the principal phenolic compound with a 15.74% existence. The ST-segment elevation induced by isoproterenol was significantly suppressed by all doses of the extract. A severe myocardial necrosis and fibrosis with a sharp reduction in left ventricular contractility and a marked increase in left ventricular end-diastolic pressure were seen in the isoproterenol group, all of which were significantly improved by the extract treatment. In addition to in-vitro antioxidant activity, the extract significantly suppressed the elevation of malondialdehyde levels both in the serum and the myocardium.Conclusion
The results of the study demonstrate that Ocimum basilicum strongly protected the myocardium against isoproterenol-induced infarction and suggest that the cardioprotective effects could be related to antioxidative activities. 相似文献685.
Vaismoradi M 《International nursing review》2011,58(3):286; author reply 287-286
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687.
Naroa Ibarretxe‐Bilbao PhD Carme Junque PhD Maria‐Jose Marti MD PhD Francesc Valldeoriola MD PhD Pere Vendrell PhD Nuria Bargallo MD PhD Mojtaba Zarei MD MRCP Eduardo Tolosa MD PhD 《Movement disorders》2010,25(12):1888-1894
Olfactory dysfunction is known to occur before the appearance of the classical motor signs in Parkinson's disease (PD) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) studies in PD have reported fractional anisotropy (FA) reductions in the early disease stages. We aimed to investigate the relationship between olfactory dysfunction and white matter (WM) FA of central olfactory areas in early PD. Twenty‐four patients at Hoehn and Yahr stages I and II and 24 healthy controls matched by age, gender and years of education participated in this study. DTI was acquired at a 3 Tesla scanner and odor identification was assessed using the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT). We performed FA voxelwise group comparisons in the central olfactory structures using tract‐based spatial statistics (TBSS) and correlation analyses between FA values in these central olfactory areas and UPSIT scores. Patients with severe microsmia (UPSIT between 19 and 25) and anosmia (UPSIT lower or equal to 18) had lower FA values than PD patients with mild/moderate or no olfactory dysfunction (UPSIT between 26 and 40) and healthy controls in the WM adjacent to gyrus rectus. In addition, patients with anosmia had reduced FA in the WM surrounding primary olfactory areas in comparison with healthy controls. FA values in the WM adjacent to primary olfactory cortex and right gyrus rectus correlated with UPSIT scores in the PD group. This study demonstrates, for the first time, that microstructural WM reductions are present in the central olfactory system of early stage PD patients and that these reductions are associated with reduced ability to smell. © 2010 Movement Disorder Society 相似文献
688.
Akhtari M 《Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.)》2011,25(6):480-486
The myelodysplastic syndromes represent a heterogeneous series of clonal hematologic neoplasms characterized by morphologic dysplasia, aberrant hematopoiesis and a variable risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia. These syndromes have a complex pathobiology, and ineffective hematopoiesis is a well-recognized feature of all of them. Normal blood cell maturation, differentiation, function, and survival are impaired, and these abnormalities contribute to the development of peripheral blood pancytopenia. The majority of patients succumb to complications of either bone marrow failure or leukemic progression. The fact that the majority of patients are elderly and have other comorbidities complicates therapeutic decision making and necessitates the development of individualized treatment strategies. 相似文献
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690.
Small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are potent anti-cancer targeted therapies. TKIs are considered safe and efficacious
therapeutic modalities, and are generally tolerated well. However, they are associated with certain side effects including
hematologic toxicities such as anemia, macrocytosis, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, hemolytic anemia, bone marrow aplasia
and necrosis. Thrombotic microangiopathy, arterial thromboembolism and splenic infarction can also occur following treatment
with TKIs. Cytopenias are the most common adverse effects associated with these agents, and other hematologic toxicities are
not frequent. It is essential for clinicians to monitor patients closely, and recognize those side effects as early as possible,
in order to improve efficacy of small molecule TKIs and optimize outcomes. This article summarizes hematologic toxicities
associated with the commonly used small molecule TKIs. It also provides practical strategies for the management of these toxicities. 相似文献