Additive effects of earthworm extract with HpD-laser on the enhancement of reactive oxygen production and the inhibition of[~3H]—thymidine.uptake in mouse ascitic tumor cells

The effects of combined use of earthworm extract(912)and HpD-laser on the produc-tion of reactive oxygen and the biosynthesis of DNA in S_(180) tumor cells were studied throughchemiluminescence measurement and[~3H]-TdR incorporation assay.The results showed that as com-pared with the control,the intensity of chemiluminescence emitted by tumor cells treatedsimultaneously with 912 and HpD-laser was enhanced more than ten-folds,while that treated with912 or HpD-laser alone was increased only 2～4 folds.The[~3H]-TdR incorporation into tumorcells of the former group was inhibited upto 74.1%,and that of the latter groups decreased onlyby 42.2% and 40.0%,respectively.In accordance with these biochemical changes,the ultrastructuraldamage of tumor cells of the former,combinedly treated group appeared to be the most serious.This suggests an additive effect of 912 with HpD-laser on tumor cells.In addition,if free radicalscavengers,such as catalase and superoxide dismutase,were added to the reaction systembefore chemiluminescence assay,the luminescent enhancement effect mentioned above was dramaticallyalleviated,implying the presence of O_2~ and H_2O_2 in the system.Therefore,as to the toxic effecton tumor cells,912 and HpD-laser are not only additive in efficiency,but also similar in theunderlying mechanism of action.     

川芎嗪和维拉帕米对缺血性急性肾衰初期保护效应的实验研究

１８只犬切除右肾，钳夹左肾动脉６０分的肾缺血模型，再灌注５小时。将动物随机分成对照组、川芎嗪组及维拉帕米组。观察尿量、菊糖清除率、利钠指数、平均动脉压及心率；再灌注５小时取肾组织作形态学检查。结果显示川芎嗪对肾功能及形态有保护作用，维拉帕米则无此作用，提示在手术中有肾缺血时以川芎嗪作为肾保护药物优于维拉帕米。     

医科院校师生对考试现状看法的调查与分析

医科院校的考试主要是学科考试。调查显示，教师和学生对目前的学科考试模式评价均不高，存在的最主要弊端是考试方法单一，考试管理不够科学、严谨，考风不好；认为作弊的主要原因在于学生自己学习不努力、社会风气影响以及学校对教师和学生要求不够严格。因此，要搞好考试改革，提高考试质量，必须着重从改革考试方法、加强考试管理的改革与研究、整顿考风、制定科学的成绩评定方法、加强能力考核、实施教考分离等方面进行探索与实践。     

胫骨平台骨折合并软组织损伤的临床分析与治疗

目的:总结分析各种胫骨平台骨折合并不同类型软组织损伤中的相互关系,探索其诊断与治疗策略。方法:自1995年10月至2004年1月共治疗胫骨平台骨折合并软组织损伤143例。所有病例均行开放复位内固定,对不同类型软组织损伤同时采取相应的处理方法。结果:术后随访129例,随访时间6到27个月,平均16个月;骨折均于12周内愈合,所有患者均恢复了患肢的正常力线,患肢稳定。结论:胫骨平台骨折合并软组织损伤的诊断必须早期、全面、详细、明确,坚强的内固定基础上,对不同类型的软组织损伤必须正确处理,术后应注意被动伸膝及CPM功能锻炼,这样才能最大程度挽救膝关节功能,减少晚期并发症。     

64层螺旋CT在冠状动脉支架置入术后评估中的价值

目的:评价64层螺旋CT在冠状动脉支架置入术后复查中的临床价值。方法:采用64层螺旋CT对27例冠状动脉支架置入术后的患者(共47个支架)进行CT冠状动脉成像。观察支架及其支架血管和非支架血管的通畅性。结果:支架通畅43例,支架内狭窄3个、闭塞1个,支架前后血管狭窄25支(包括两近端狭窄4例),非支架血管狭窄26支。结论:64层螺旋CT比16层螺旋CT观察冠状动脉内支架优越,可作为冠状动脉支架置入术后效果随访观察和了解原有冠心病进展情况的重要手段。     

Monitoring the protective effects of minocycline treatment with radiolabeled annexin V in an experimental model of focal cerebral ischemia.

Minocycline is an antibiotic now recognized to have antiapoptotic and antiinflammatory properties. Because of these properties, minocycline may be of benefit in reducing neuronal apoptosis from ischemia and subsequent postischemic inflammation if administered soon after a stroke. We now explore the feasibility of using (99m)Tc-annexin V, an in vivo marker of apoptosis, with SPECT to monitor the antiapoptotic effects of minocycline therapy. METHODS: CB6/F1 adult male mice underwent unilateral distal middle cerebral artery occlusion (dMCA) occlusion and were imaged and sacrificed at 1, 3, 7, or 30 d after injury. Animals were given minocycline (or vehicle) 30 min and 12 h after dMCA occlusion and then given 22.5 mg/kg twice daily for up to 7 d. Before imaging, behavioral tests were performed to evaluate the neurologic function. After imaging, brains were collected for histology and assessed for the degree of apoptosis and microglial activation. RESULTS: (99m)Tc-Annexin V uptake in injured hemispheres was significantly decreased 2- to 3-fold by minocycline at all time points. Minocyline reduced infarct size as seen histologically and improved behavioral indices as late as 30 d. Infarct volume as seen histologically correlated with radiolabeled annexin V uptake seen by SPECT. In situ fluorescent microscopy demonstrated that annexin V bound primarily to neurons at 1 and 3 d, with a shift toward microglia by 7 and 30 d. CONCLUSION: We found that minocycline significantly reduces neuronal apoptosis and infarct size and improves neurologic outcome in mice after acute focal cortical ischemia.     

β-七叶皂苷钠治疗高温高湿环境下重型颅脑伤的疗效观察

目的探讨β-七叶皂苷钠治疗高温高湿环境下重型颅脑伤的效果。方法高温高湿环境(气温≥35℃,相对温度≥80%)下,100例重型颅脑损伤患者随机分成β-七叶皂苷钠治疗组(50例)和对照组(50例),观察治疗早期患者生命体征、颅内压(ICP)、头颅CT、经颅多普勒(TCD)变化和远期疗效,对两组结果进行比较。结果治疗组,早期患者呼吸循环较快恢复稳定,呼吸异常率26%,心律异常率26%;伤后10d颅内压显著升高率和重型脑水肿率与对照组比较均明显减少(P<0.01);治疗组TCD结果血流速度接近正常;伤后6个月恢复良好率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),重残及死亡率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论β-七叶皂苷钠可以降低高温高湿环境下重型颅脑伤患者颅内压升高幅度,缩短昏迷时间,降低伤残率,促进患者神经功能恢复,改善预后,使用安全,治疗过程中未见副作用。     

循证医学与循证影像诊断学

近年来,循证医学(EBM)风靡全球,被公认为21世纪临床医学发展趋势。目前,循证医学的发展十分迅速,已广泛应用于医疗卫生的各个领域,形成了许多新的医疗模式,如循证保健(EBH)、循证诊断(EBD)、循证内科(EBIM)、循证外科(EBS)、循证妇产科(EBGO)、循证儿科(EBP)、循证护理(EBN)等,使现代临床医学实践与教学进入了一个崭新的历史阶段[1-3]。循证医学就是遵循客观证据的医学,影像医学是提供最佳证据的技术之一,在医学影像新技术、新方法层出不穷的今天,如何将循证医学的原理应用到影像诊断学,这是医学影像工作者面临的重要问题,应引起高度重视[4]。     

白血病抑制因子与种植窗期子宫内膜容受性

胚胎着床是从胚泡植入子宫内膜开始的一系列细胞、分子信号传递过程.子宫内膜容受性是决定胚胎成功着床的重要因素.对子宫内膜容受性进行评估是辅助生育技术中的重要环节.白血病抑制因子在胚胎种植过程中的作用越来越引起人们的重视.白血病抑制因子的生物效应是通过结合靶细胞膜上的白血病抑制因子受体启动细胞内一系列信号分子而完成信息传递,使细胞产生一系列生理或病理变化,在胚胎着床的各个环节发挥重要的作用.目前,对于种植窗期及白血病抑制因子的研究仍有限,白血病抑制因子的作用机制和调节因素也值得进一步探讨.对白血病抑制因子进一步的研究有助于确定种植窗期,并预测体外受精.胚胎移植的结局,进而提高辅助生殖技术的成功率.     

裂叶苣荬菜的化学成分研究

从菊科裂叶苣荬菜的干燥全草中分得2个黄酮化合物,经理化常数测定及光谱分析鉴定为洋芹素和木犀草素-7-O-葡萄糖甙。