关节镜术治疗色素绒毛结节性滑膜炎

目的：讨论关节镜下治疗色素沉着绒毛结节性滑膜炎。方法：1987年6月以来共行关节镜下滑膜刨削术治疗21例,其中膝关节19例,腕和踝关节各1例。结果：无手术并发症,病人早期恢复良好。全部病例经过平均3年8个月随访,优良率为80.9%。局限型疗效好于弥漫型。复发3例,复发率14.3%,全部为弥漫型,再次手术亦有效。结论：关节镜术诊断和治疗色素沉着绒毛结了性滑膜炎均有明显的优点。     

Endovenous Laser: A New Minimally Invasive Method of Treatment for Varicose Veins—Preliminary Observations Using an 810 nm Diode Laser

BACKGROUND: Long-term success in the treatment of truncal and significant branch leg varicosities, when the saphenofemoral junction (SFJ) and the greater saphenous vein (GSV) are involved, depends on the elimination of the highest point of reflux and the incompetent venous segment, and is best achieved by surgical ligation and stripping. Minimally invasive alternatives in the treatment of varicose veins with SFJ and GSV incompetence have been tried over the years to increase patient comfort, reduce cost and risk, and allow implementation by a wide variety of practitioners resulting in varying degrees of success depending on the fulfillment of the above two premises and the effectiveness of the method used. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate a novel way to use laser energy through an endoluminal laser fiber for the minimally invasive treatment of truncal varicosities that eliminates the highest point of reflux and the incompetent segment. METHODS: Patients were treated with 810 nm diode laser energy administered endovenously through a bare-tipped laser fiber (400-750 microm). Vein access for endoluminal placement of the fiber through a catheter was achieved by means of percutaneous or stab wound incision under ultrasound guidance and local anesthesia. Exact placement of the fiber was determined by direct observation of the aiming beam through the skin and by ultrasound confirmation. RESULTS: Preliminary short-term postprocedure results (up to 1 year, 2 months after treatment) in the endovenous laser treatment of 40 greater saphenous veins in 33 patients indicate a 100% rate of closure with no significant complications. In addition, a 2-year experience of 80 cases of isolated branch varicosities (Giacomini, anterolateral branch, etc.) also shows a 100% rate of closure. CONCLUSION: Early results of our endoluminal laser methodology indicate a very effective and safe way to eliminate SFJ incompetence and close the GSV. With proper patient selection, the ease of methodology and the reduced risk and cost associated with endovenous laser treatment may make it a successful minimally invasive alternative for a wide group of patients that previously would have required ligation and stripping.     

翻转大翼软骨瓣辅助硅胶假体置入隆鼻术

目的 探讨一种在应用硅胶假体进行隆鼻术时防止假体外露,同时有利于鼻尖与鼻翼成形,并有效增加鼻长的手术方法.方法 在16例临床隆鼻手术中,应用翻转大翼软骨瓣辅助硅胶鼻假体置入的方法,术中离断大翼软骨外侧脚,保留内侧脚完整,单端游离大翼软骨至鼻尖,充分松解大翼软骨对鼻尖的牵拉,以便在增高鼻背的同时增加鼻长,并满足个性化鼻尖与鼻翼成形.结果 16例受术者全部Ⅰ期愈合,无感染及假体外露等并发症发生.术后1个月回访,鼻尖高度及鼻长明显增加,鼻形自然,鼻翼立体感不仅未受影响,反而不同程度地得到优化,鼻尖与鼻翼轮廓清晰.结论 应用翻转大翼软骨瓣辅助硅胶鼻假体置入的隆鼻方法,可有效防止要求较高隆起鼻梁、鼻尖时造成的假体外露风险,同时有助于实现个性化鼻尖与鼻翼成形.由于软骨瓣取材方便、无需第2术区,软骨瓣血运有保障,不易发生变形和吸收,是提高隆鼻术美容效果的可行方法.     

The outcome of the nonoperated contralateral hand in carpal tunnel syndrome.

It is not well known how the nonoperated contralateral hand behaves in bilateral carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). The postoperative clinical course of the nonoperated contralateral hand in unilateral CTS is not well documented either. Of 324 CTS patients, the authors studied 37 who had carpal tunnel release on one hand only to evaluate the postoperative outcome of the nonoperated contralateral hand. The other 287 patients had operations on both hands. Seven patients were excluded because of missing data or because they could not be contacted. All 324 patients were subject to clinical and electrodiagnostic studies on both hands. The patients were divided into three groups. Group I was composed of patients who had bilateral CTS, diagnosed clinically and electrophysiologically, but who had surgery done only on the hand with the most pronounced symptoms. The patients in group II showed symptoms of CTS in one hand only. However, the opposite hand was diagnosed with subclinical CTS: Electrodiagnostic studies showed involvement of the median nerve, but without symptoms. Group III was composed of true unilateral CTS patients, diagnosed by symptoms and electrodiagnostic study. The results of the electrodiagnosis were categorized according to the severity of median nerve damage (mild, moderate, severe). The outcome and postoperative clinical course of the nonoperated contralateral hand were evaluated by electromyography and telephone survey. This method of survey was used because of the vast spread of patients throughout the country. Within 1 year, all 30 operated hands showed significant improvement, 20 of which belonged to group I. Regarding progress of the nonoperated contralateral hand, 10 patients showed improvement of one grade whereas 5 patients showed three grades of improvement. In another 5 patients there was no change whatsoever. In addition, from groups II and III there were 5 patients who showed no change in the nonoperated hand. The postoperative electromyographic findings of the nonoperated contralateral hand was not commensurate with the symptoms. However, regardless of electromyographic results, the nonoperated contralateral hand showed significant improvement (p < 0.0001). Patients with unilateral CTS did not experience any symptom development in the nonoperated contralateral hand.     

司机职业对男性不育患者精子活力和动力学参数的影响及相关性研究

目的 探讨乌鲁木齐地区司机职业对男性不育患者精子活力和动力学参数的影响及相关性研究.方法 应用WLJY-9000型精子质量检测系统对157例不育男性(司机组72例、非司机组85例)和125例正常生育男性精子的直线运动速度(VSL)、曲线速度(VCL)、平均路径速度(VAP)、平均移动角度(MAD)、侧摆幅度(ALH)、鞭打频率(BCF)、前向性(STR)、直线性(LIN)、摆动性(WOB)精子活力及其分级进行检测并分析其相关性.结果 不育组与正常生育组相比,精子活力、VSL、VCL、VAP、LIN和STR显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);司机组与非司机组相比,精子活力、VSL、VCL、VAP和MAD显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),而BCF显著升高(P<0.01);驾龄10年～组与0年～和5年～两组相比,精子活力、VSL、VCL、VAP、MAD、LIN、WOB和STR显著降低(P<0.05或P<0.01),而BCF显著升高(P<0.01);司机职业男性不育患者精子活力与VSL、VCL、VAP有显著正相关性,而与BCF有显著负相关性.结论 (1)司机职业可引起男性精子活力和动力学参数异常,驾车车龄对男性精子质量的影响存在时效关系,长时间驾车可能是引起男性不育的重要原因之一;(2)VSL、VCL、VAP和BCF是反映司机职业不育男性精子活力的有效指标.     

NF-κB在急性胰腺炎治疗研究中的进展及前景

急性胰腺炎是胰酶激活后引起胰腺组织自身消化所致的急性炎性介质反应,可诱发全身炎性介质反应,并恶化为多脏器功能衰竭,导致患者死亡.核转录因子κB在急性胰腺炎的发展中占据核心地位,它凋节了炎性因子和免疫蛋白的基因表达.本文就基于NF-κB的胰腺炎治疗作一综述.     

中国乳腺X线筛查项目中联合应用超声检查的价值

目的：评估在乳腺X线摄片基础上联合应用超声检查在乳腺筛查中的价值。方法：选取复旦大学附属肿瘤医院通过乳腺筛查项目筛查出,并在初筛时同时行乳腺X线摄片和超声检查的40岁以上女性乳腺癌病人。分析单用乳腺X线摄片、单用超声和在乳腺X线摄片基础上联合应用超声在检出恶性病例时的诊断灵敏度,并进一步分析单用乳腺X线摄片和在乳腺X线摄片基础上联合应用超声的诊断灵敏度与年龄及腺体致密度间的关系。结果：筛查发现并符合入组标准的乳腺癌病例共42例,单用乳腺X线摄片、单用超声和在乳腺X线摄片基础上联合应用超声的诊断灵敏度分别为81.0%、64.3%、95.2%,单用乳腺X线摄片和在乳腺X线摄片基础上联合应用超声的诊断灵敏度差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。多量型和致密型乳腺,在乳腺X线摄片基础上联合应用超声的诊断灵敏度比单用乳腺X线摄片高,其差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）,但在年轻女性（50岁以下）中,没有发现差异（P〉0.05）。结论：乳腺X线摄片诊断灵敏度高于乳腺超声检查,在乳腺X线摄片基础上联合应用超声可提高乳腺筛查的诊断灵敏度,在乳腺X线摄片基础上联合应用超声推荐用于腺体密度较高的乳腺筛查。     

人胆管癌CD24+ CD44+ EpCAMhigh细胞亚群的分选及其肿瘤干细胞样特性的鉴定

目的 检测及分选人胆管癌中的CD24+ CD44+ EpCAMhigh细胞亚群,探讨其是否具有肿瘤干细胞样生物学特性.方法 流式细胞术检测6例人胆管癌中CD24、CD44、EpCAM的表达率;取2例人胆管癌新鲜标本种植到NOD/SCID鼠皮下,建立荷人胆管癌小鼠模型.流式细胞术分选CD24+ CD44+ EpCAMhigh亚群细胞,NOD/SCID鼠移植瘤试验鉴定其成瘤和分化能力.结果 6例人胆管癌组织标本和2例移植瘤中,CD24+ CD44+ EpCAMhigh在人胆管癌中表达率为0.58%～2.43%(平均值0.94%).运用NOD/SCID鼠移植瘤模型,分选得到CD24+ CD44+ EpCAMhigh亚群细胞.NOD/SCID鼠移植瘤试验,1×103个CD24+ CD44+ EpCAMhigh细胞能成瘤(3/8),而CD24- CD44- EpCAMlow/-细胞在5×104才能成瘤(1/8).CD24+ CD44+ EpCAMhigh胆管癌细胞NOD/SCID鼠移植瘤的组织类型及标记物的表达率和原代肿瘤相似.结论 人胆管癌中含有CD24+ CD44+ EpCAMhigh细胞亚群,具有强成瘤能力、自我更新和分化的能力,可能是胆管癌干细胞.     

水通道蛋白5在手汗症伴腋窝多汗患者腋窝汗腺中的表达及意义

目的 观察手汗症伴腋窝多汗患者腋窝汗腺中水通道蛋白(AQP)的表达,探讨其与手汗症伴腋窝多汗的发病机制的关系.方法 应用苏木素-伊红(HE)染色对34例实验组和8例对照组的腋窝汗腺进行染色,在光镜下分别计算其腋窝汗腺数目,并进行比较;应用免疫组织化学方法对上述两组腋窝汗腺进行AQP1、AQP3和AQP5蛋白检测,并进行对照研究.结果 两组中腋窝汗腺数目差异无统计学意义(Z=-1.506,P>0.05);两组腋窝汗腺中均无AQP1、AQP3表达,AQP5在两组均有表达且在实验组中表达显著增强(Z=-3.523,P<0.05).结论 AQP1、AQP3不参与人体腋窝汗腺分泌;AQP5可能是参与人体腋窝汗腺分泌的主要水通道蛋白之一,其表达增强很可能是手汗症伴腋窝多汗患者的发病机制之一.     

硬脊膜内背侧动静脉瘘的显微外科治疗

目的 探讨硬脊膜内背侧动静脉瘘的显微外科治疗及其疗效,初步探索术中吲哚菁绿荧光血管造影的应用.方法 2004年1月至2008年8月共有24例硬脊膜内背侧动静脉瘘患者进行了半椎板切除显微外科治疗并获得随访.其中2例为先接受介入栓塞治疗,后因复发再接受外科手术治疗.3例接受术中吲哚菁绿荧光血管造影.脊髓功能评价采用改良阿米诺夫量表,结合影像学检查结果对术后疗效进行综合评价.结果 术后平均随访36个月,影像学随访未见病变残留或复发.脊髓功能评价16例为优,阿米诺夫评分平均0.7分;4例为良,平均4.8分;3例为中,平均6.7分;1例为差,平均9.0分.综合疗效评价,治愈16例,改善6例,无变化2例.结论 单侧半椎板切除入路显微外科治疗足对硬脊膜内背侧动静脉瘘的有效治疗方法,术中吲哚菁绿荧光血管造影有助于手术.