茯苓萜类的高效液相色谱指纹图谱研究

目的 建立茯苓三萜化合物的指纹图谱。方法 反相高效液相色谱法。结果 道地药材茯苓及不同地区收集的市场商品具有相当稳定的、相似程度很高的指纹图谱。结论 可利用液相色谱的特征峰控制茯苓及其制剂的质量。     

Local secretion of a chimeric anti-CD4 antibody protects against graft rejection in the NOD mouse

BACKGROUND: Engineering a graft to secrete its own immunosuppressive antibodies may minimize the risks associated with current high dose systemic immunosuppression. METHODS AND RESULTS: A beta cell insulinoma cell line (NIT-1) was transfected with genes encoding a chimeric anti-CD4 antibody. The NIT-1 cells secreted functional chimeric anti-CD4 antibody that bound to the CD4 molecule on mouse thymocytes and inhibited in vitro proliferation of CD4+ve T cells. Both test and control transfected cell lines grew at a similar rate in immunodeficient mice. In immunocompetent NOD mice, NIT-1 cells are normally rejected by a cellular immune response against the SV40 T antigen. Although control transfected NIT-1 cells were rapidly rejected by NOD mice, anti-CD4 secreting NIT-1 cells grew significantly better and were able to form tumors at the site of injection. CONCLUSIONS: The local secretion of chimeric anti-CD4 antibody from transfected cells can contribute to graft survival in our transplantation model.     

99mTcN(NOEt)2与99mTc-MIBI在肿瘤模型显像中的对比研究

目的　探讨99mTc 氮 二 (N 乙基 N 乙氧基二硫代氨基甲酸盐 ) [99mTcN (NOEt) 2 ]应用于肿瘤诊断的可能性并与99mTc 甲氧基异丁基异腈(99mTc MIBI)肿瘤模型显像进行比较。方法　制备99mTcN (NOEt) 2 ,用上行薄层色谱法测定放化纯。各取 4只移植性艾氏腹水癌小鼠分别尾静脉注射99mTc MIBI或99mTcN(NOEt) 2 ,30min、2h、4h后进行全身后位静态显像。利用感兴趣区技术 ,分别计算不同时相肿瘤与头部 (T/H)、胸部 (T/C)、及健侧肢体对称部位 (T/L)的放射性比值。 4h后处死99mTcN (NOEt) 2 显像组小鼠 4只 ,取血并剥离脏器组织及肿瘤组织 ,称重 ,测量放射性计数 ,计算肿瘤与各脏器放射性比值。结果　99mTcN (NOEt) 2 室温下 4h保持稳定。99mTcN (NOEt) 2 选择性地有效的聚集于肿瘤组织。除腹部外其它组织靶 /非靶比值较高 ,注射2h后T/L比值达最高 ,为 4.87。99mTcN (NOEt) 2 显像组与99mTc MIBI显像组比较T/L比值差异有显著性 (P <0 .0 1)。体外测量肿瘤与血、肌肉、肺等脏器的单位重量放射性比值较高 ,与肝、小肠等腹部脏器的单位重量放射性比值较低。结论　在移植性艾氏腹水癌小鼠模型中99mTcN (NOEt) 2 从血液中清除很快 ,肿瘤摄取率高 ,有一定的滞留量 ,靶与非靶比值高 ,图像质量明显优于99mTc MIBI肿瘤     

National Data Sources on the Care and Outcomes of Patients with Community Acquired Pneumonia

Despite improved understanding and treatment of community acquired pneumonia (CAP), variations in clinical practice and patient outcomes still exists, resulting in excess healthcare dollars spent and decreased patient satisfaction. The use of treatment and outcomes research data can help providers improve their methods and standardize techniques to control costs and provide the best care for their patients. To better understand the utility and capabilities of this research, this article will compare several administrative and clinical databases. Two, data sources in particular, the EPI-Q Inc. CAP-Compare database and the University HealthSystem Consortium's (UHC) CAP Benchmarking Program contain clinical and utilization data specific to CAP. In addition there are several government and non-government sponsored data sources that include administrative data on many diagnosis including CAP. These include: Healthcare Benchmarking Systems International's EXPLORE database, the Center for Healthcare Industry Performance Studies database, the National Center for Health Statistics'--National Hospital Discharge Survey, and the Medicare Provider Analysis and Review data files.     

Examples of Clinical Application of Multiple Needling in Neijing in Treating Bi Syndrome

Ling Shu (< 灵枢 >) said, "The essentials of acupuncture lie in the needling techniques."Twenty-six needling techniques recorded in it, such as the "Nine Needling Techniques", "Five Needling Techniques" and "Twelve Needling Techniques",were cried up by the acupuncture doctors in the past dynasties. The authors applied the relevant needling techniques to treat Bi syndrome in clinic and the quite good effects were got.     

充血性心力衰竭患儿血清白细胞介素-18和淋巴细胞CD54变化

目的探讨IL-18和CDs4在小儿充血性心力衰竭（CFIF）发病中的作用，及其对z],JLCFIF的诊断价值。方法CFIF患儿52例，心功能按修订的Ross和Reithman评分系统。心功能Ⅱ级（3～6分）18例、Ⅲ级（7～9分）17例，Ⅳ级（10～12分）17例。原发疾病为扩张性心肌病、心内膜弹力纤维增生症及先天性心脏病等。对照组15例为上呼吸道感染患儿。血清IL-18水平用ELISA法进行测定，采用流式细胞术检测外周血淋巴细胞CDs4表达。结果CFIF患儿血清IL-18及CDs4均显著增高（P均〈0．001），且随CFIF加重渐增加，治疗后两者均较治疗前明显降低（P均〈0．05）；且两者在心肌病组、先天性心脏病组及其他病组3组间比较差异无显著性（P均〉0．05），但均显著高于对照组（P均〈0．01）。结论IL-18和CDs4可能参与小儿CFIF发生发展。可以作为评价CHF严重程度的生物化学标记；CFIF作为一种临床综合征，无论最初病因是否相同，免疫反应可能都具有某些共同特征。     

Can we improve the diagnostic efficiency and predictive power of prodromal symptoms for schizophrenia?

Prodromal symptoms and other variables for a sample of 200 young people who had experienced a first-onset functional psychosis, were analyzed to examine their diagnostic efficiency and predictive power in relation to a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Two different techniques were utilized to generate optimal cut-off points for a number of prodromal symptoms, and optimal decision rules to maximize diagnostic efficiency. The product of the chance-corrected sensitivity and specificity, or the area under the QROC curve, was used to assess the predictive efficiency of a number of prodromal variables, DSM-III-R prodromal variables, pre-psychotic deterioration, pre-morbid functioning, and prodromal duration. The SPAN technique generated a decision rule that performed equivalently to the single variable 'duration of prodrome'. Implications of these results for future research are discussed.     

Practitioner Review: Unguided and guided self-help interventions for common mental health disorders in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Mental health problems are common in children and adolescents, yet evidence-based treatments are hard to access. Self-help interventions can increase such access. The aim of this paper was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the use of guided and unguided self-help for children and young people with symptoms of common mental health disorders. In contrast to previous reviews of self-help in children, all types of self-help and multiple mental health disorders were investigated in order to increase power to investigate potential moderators of efficacy. Importantly, studies with control arms as well as those comparing against traditional face-to-face treatments were included. Fifty studies (n = 3396 participants in self-help/guided self-help conditions) met the inclusion criteria. Results demonstrated a moderate positive effect size for guided and unguided self-help interventions when compared against a control group (n = 44; g = 0.49; 95% CI: 0.37 to 0.61, p < .01) and a small but significant negative effect size when compared to other therapies (n = 15; g = −0.17; 95% CI: –0.27 to –0.07, p < .01). Few potential moderators had a significant effect on outcome. Most comparisons resulted in significant heterogeneity and therefore results are interpreted with caution.     

青少年膳食钙摄入状况对骨密度的影响

目的了解青少年膳食钙摄入状况及骨量水平。方法对昆明市98名12～14岁青少年问卷调查了解膳食营养状况,特别是每日摄入牛奶量的情况,使用双能X线骨密度测定仪(DEXA)测量腰椎及髋部骨密度(BMD)。结果每日坚持喝牛奶的学生骨密度显著高于不喝牛奶的学生。结论膳食中牛奶是影响青少年骨量水平的主要因素。