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Astrid Godron Jér?me Harambat Valérie Boccio Anne Mensire Adrien May Claire Rigothier Lionel Couzi Benoit Barrou Michel Godin Dominique Chauveau Stanislas Faguer Marion Vallet Pierre Cochat Philippe Eckart Geneviève Guest Vincent Guigonis Pascal Houillier Anne Blanchard Xavier Jeunemaitre Rosa Vargas-Poussou 《Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology》2012,7(5):801-809
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Marine Meunier Ramin Bazeli Antoine Feydy Jean-Luc Drape André Kahan Yannick Allanore 《Joint, bone, spine : revue du rhumatisme》2013,80(1):48-51
ObjectiveThe thymus plays a crucial role in immune system homeostasis. Thymic abnormalities have been reported in many autoimmune diseases, but data for systemic sclerosis (SSc) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are sparse. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and correlates of radiological incomplete involution of the thymus in SSc and RA patients, and in a non-autoimmune group of controls.MethodsAll patients were at least 40 years old: 96 SSc patients (median age 59 years, 80% women) and 65 RA patients (median age 57 years, 88% women) were compared with 32 control individuals (median age 63 years, 62% women). Pulmonary CT-scans performed for lung assessment were available for all individuals. For the purpose of our study, complete involution of the thymus was defined as the absence of a residual thymus or a gland thickness, corresponding to the short axis on the axial slice, of less than 7 mm. We defined incomplete involution of the thymus as a residual thymic tissue more than 7 mm thick.ResultsThe frequency of incomplete thymus involution was significantly higher in SSc and RA patients (respectively 15 and 14%) than in the control group (0%; P < 0.05). Incomplete thymus involution was associated with pulmonary restrictive syndrome in SSc patients, and with biotherapy and an absence of antinuclear antibodies in RA patients.ConclusionOur findings show that two autoimmune diseases, SSc and RA, are associated with incomplete thymus involution. 相似文献
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Guillaume T. Vallet Carol Hudon Martine Simard Rémy Versace 《Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior》2013
Implicit memory is generally supposed to be preserved in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Yet, some implicit priming effects are impaired and others are not. The preserved/impaired priming effects are often interpreted according to the perceptual/conceptual or identification/production distinctions. Perceptual–identification priming paradigms shall be preserved and conceptual–production priming paradigms impaired. A third interpretation is yet possible based on the disconnection syndrome hypothesis which states that patients with AD should fail tasks requiring relatively complex brain communications. In this case, patients with AD should not demonstrated a significant perceptual priming effect in an identification task if this one involved complex brain communications. The present study tests this latter hypothesis with two cross-modal priming experiments using a categorization task. A visual meaningless mask presented with half of the auditory primes tested the nature of the cross-modal priming effect. The control group exhibited significant priming effects for unmasked primes. The interference effect of the mask demonstrated that the priming effect was perceptually driven. Patients with AD did not present any priming effect nor mask interference. The present findings therefore showed that perceptual priming using an identification task could be impaired in AD supporting the disconnection syndrome hypothesis. 相似文献
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Nicolas Guevara Alexis Bozorg-Grayeli Jean-Pierre Bebear Marine Ardoint Sonia Saaï Dan Gnansia 《International journal of audiology》2016,55(8):431-438
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential improvements of speech perception and sound quality provided by a multiband single channel noise-reduction algorithm based on the modified Wiener-filter adapted to cochlear implant sound processing. Design: This study was a longitudinal trial with a repeated-measures design. Outcome measures were performed on the first day when the noise reduction feature was provided and after a one month habituation period. Objective measures included pure-tone thresholds and vocal audiometry assessments. Speech perception was measured in quiet and in the presence of two types of noise: a stationary speech shaped noise and a two-talker cocktail noise. Subjective sound quality was assessed using a ten item questionnaire. Study Sample: Thirteen post-lingual deaf adults, experienced users of a cochlear implant system, took part in this study. Results: The noise-reduction algorithm provided a benefit for the perception of speech presented in a stationary speech shaped noise and an overall improvement in subjective sound quality ratings. Conclusions: It was shown that a single channel noise reduction system based on a modified Wiener-filter approach can improve speech in noise perception performance and subjective sound quality in cochlear implant patients. 相似文献
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