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71.
Mikael Hellström Bo Jacobsson Ulf Jodal Jan Winberg Anders Odén 《Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)》1987,1(3):269-275
This study presents the result of 12–21 years' follow-up in a group of children with neonatal urinary tract infection (onset within 1 month after birth) in whom early renal growth retardation was noted without concomitant classical renal scarring. In all cases the neonatal infection was diagnosed and treated within a few days of onset and the patients were closely supervised thereafter. Renal length, parenchymal thickness and area were measured at urography. At first follow-up (22 children, mean age 4.1 years) a significant reduction of renal parenchymal thickness was noted. Long-term follow-up (18 patients, mean age 17 years) demonstrated a normalization of renal size in the entire group, although less complete in the subgroup with reflux. There were two major findings in the present study. Firstly, renal growth retardation was seen after neonatal infection, both with and without reflux. Secondly, normalization of renal size in previously small kidneys was demonstrated, suggesting that growth retardation can be a reversible phenomenon. The tendency for such normalization was slightly more marked in children without reflux. Reduction of parenchymal thickness without calyceal deformity, therefore, does not necessarily mean irreversible damage, and differentiation between permanent scarring and temporary growth retardation can thus only be made at later follow-up, possibly not until after puberty. The demonstration of renal growth retardation in spite of early diagnosis and treatment emphasizes the great vulnerability of the kidney in the newborn. 相似文献
72.
73.
Bromocriptine (0.5 mg/kg) and apomorphine (0.03 mg/kg) exert moderate aphrodisiac effect in sexually sluggish rats. This effect appears rapidly and reaches its peak within 24 h. Amphetamine (2 mg/kg) acts similarly but with a more rapid onset and offset of the effect. A single dose of (-)deprenyl, a selective inhibitor of MAO-B, exerts a much more potent effect in this test. 相似文献
74.
Melatonin, a pineal hormone, released photoperiodically, was administered systemically in rats, previously implanted with semimicroelectrodes into six different brain structures. The multiunit electrical activity of these structures was recorded for 10 min before and 60 min after melatonin administration in unanesthetized, freely moving rats. Different melatonin doses (100, 200, 500, and 1000 micrograms/kg) produced changes in the electrical activity of all tested structures. However, amygdala, rostral hypothalamus and mesencephalic reticular formation showed the most important changes. The main effect induced by melatonin was a dose-related decrease of the spontaneous electrical activity. The significance of these effects is discussed within the context of the behavioral and endocrinological effects of melatonin. 相似文献
75.
The study concerned the effects of acute and chronic clomipramine administration to male rats on exploratory activity in a novel environment (hole-board) and on immobility in the forced swimming test. Acute clomipramine administration did not alter either exploratory activity on a hole-board as measured 3 or 20 h after drug administration, or immobility in the forced swimming test as measured 20 h after drug administration. Approximately 20 h after the last injection of clomipramine, the rats chronically treated with the drug showed reduced exploratory activity on the hole-board. In contrast, chronic clomipramine treatment significantly increased the activity in the forced swimming test. The effects of the drug on exploratory and forced swimming activities persisted for 14 days after the cessation of clomipramine administration. These data indicate that chronic clomipramine administration exerted profound and long-lasting effects on central nervous system function. The long-lasting action of the drug on behaviour in the forced swimming test might explain the long-term beneficial effect of antidepressant drugs in counteracting behavioral depression. 相似文献
76.
77.
A. Jaén J. Sunyer X. Basagaña S. Chinn† J. P. Zock J. M. Antó‡ P. Burney† 《Clinical and experimental allergy》2002,32(12):1713-1719
BACKGROUND: The role of atopy in the evolution to chronic obstructive disease remains controversial. AIM: We aimed to assess the association between individual sensitization to common allergens and lung function. METHOD: We analysed data from 12,687 subjects aged 20 to 44 years, from 34 centres in 15 countries participating in the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS). Participants performed a blood test, lung function test, methacholine challenge, and answered an administered questionnaire. The relationships between specific IgE, FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratio were assessed for each study centre stratified by sex, followed by random effects meta-analysis. RESULTS: Asthmatics sensitized to house dust mite had a lower FEV1 (-119 mL in women and -112 mL in men) and FEV1/FVC ratio (-1.95%, and -2.48%) than asthmatics without sensitization. Asthmatics sensitized to cat had a lower FEV1 (statistically significant for women only) and a lower FEV1/FVC ratio. Asthmatic women sensitized to grass had a lower FEV1 and a lower ratio, and those sensitized to Cladosporium had a lower FEV1. A weak association was found with sensitization to cat and to Cladosporium among non-asthmatic women, which disappeared after adjusting for BHR. CONCLUSION: We conclude that atopy was related to a lower lung function, which was only apparent among asthmatics. This relationship was explained by specific sensitization to cat and to house dust mite, the latter being homogeneous across areas. 相似文献
78.
Comparison of local and general anesthesia in tension-free (Lichtenstein) hernioplasty: a prospective randomized trial 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
To compare pulmonary effects, postoperative pain and fatigue, morbidity, patient satisfaction, and cost of different anesthetic
techniques for inguinal hernia repair, 50 patients were randomized to local and general anesthesia groups (LA and GA). All
patients received the same premedications and the same postoperative analgesic regimen. The standardized postoperative analgesic,
intramuscular pyroxicam 20 mg, was given to all patients in the recovery room and an additional 20 mg on the same day was
given as requested by each patient. Pulmonary function studies and arterial blood gas analysis were performed 1 h prior to
the operation and at the postoperative 8th and 24th hours. All patients underwent Lichtenstein's tension-free hernioplasty.
Postoperative pain and fatigue were registered 8 h and 24 h after the operation. A questionnaire was filled out by the patients,
and they were asked to give grades for the general comfort of the anesthesia and the surgical procedure (1=worst, 10=best).
Postoperative pulmonary function tests were significantly poorer in the GA group both on 8th- and 24th-hour measurements (P<0.05). Patients who underwent LA had significantly lower PCO2 and higher PO2 at the postoperative 8th hour (P<0.05). Mean postoperative pain and fatigue scores revealed a significant difference in favor of local anesthesia at only
the 8th hour (P<0.05). There were two complications, one in each group (a hematoma in LA and a urinary retention in GA). Patient satisfaction
grades were not different in the two groups. We conclude that LA in inguinal hernia repair does not adversely affect pulmonary
functions, patients feel less pain, and patient satisfaction is comparable to that with GA.
Electronic Publication 相似文献
79.
C R Plata-Salamán 《Brain research bulletin》1991,27(5):737-738
Intracerebroventricular (ICV) microinfusion of recombinant human interleukin-1 beta (rhIL-1 beta, 0.125 to 2.0 ng/rat) dose-dependently suppressed 2 h and nighttime food intake in rats. The following daytime food intake did not change or increased. ICV infusion of bovine serum albumin (BSA), or heat-treated rhIL-1 beta had no effect on food intake. Pretreatment with dexamethasone (200 micrograms/rat, intraperitoneal) blocked the food intake suppression induced by low doses of rhIL-1 beta. This ability of dexamethasone, a synthetic corticosteroid, may have potential therapeutic implications in acute and chronic pathological processes associated with increased levels of IL-1 and appetite suppression. 相似文献
80.
Galanin-like immunoreactivity has been visualized in nerve fibers in the islets of Langerhans, suggesting an involvement of
galanin in the neural regulation of islet function. In this study, we investigated the effects of galanin on basal and stimulated
insulin and glucagon secretion by infusing the peptide at three different dose rates in rats. We also studied the direct effect
of galanin on insulin secretion from freshly isolated rat islets. At 320 pmol/kg/min, but not at 20 or 80 pmol/kg/min, galanin
lowered basal plasma insulin levels. In contrast, basal plasma glucagon levels were lowered by galanin already at 20 and 80
pmol/kg/min. Furthermore, galanin inhibited both glucose- and arginine-induced insulin release at all three dose levels, whereas
arginine-induced glucagon release was not affected by galanin. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from isolated rat islets
was dose-dependently suppressed by galanin (10-6-10-8M). Therefore, it is concluded that galanin in rats inhibits insulin secretion, both in vivo and in vitro, and that at lower
dose levels, the peptide also inhibits basal glucagon release. 相似文献